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博碩士論文 etd-0721105-180201 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0721105-180201
論文名稱
Title
紅冠水雞 (Gallinula chloropus) 之生態學研究
Ecological Study of the Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
46
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2005-07-08
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2005-07-21
關鍵字
Keywords
繁殖、活動模式、紅冠水雞、性別鑑定、生態學
breeding, sex identification, Common Moorhen, ecology, activity patterns
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5683 times, has been downloaded 21 times.
中文摘要
紅冠水雞(Gallinula chloropus)在分類上屬於秧雞科(Rallidae)。現生秧雞科鳥類在全世界約有一百三十三種,台灣有十種。紅冠水雞在台灣為普遍的留鳥。主要棲息於沼澤、稻田、湖池、溪流畔之草生地帶。關於本種的生態學在台灣尚未有人做過相關研究。本研究目的於想瞭解紅冠水雞的繁殖概況以及其日間活動模式並描述其行為及發生時間;並檢視公鳥以及母鳥的外部型質是否存有差異。本研究自2003年12月起至2005年5月止,在台南縣境內埤塘或菱角田等濕地環境及高雄洲仔濕地進行紅冠水雞野外研究。紅冠水雞大部分行一夫一妻制,兩者會輪流孵蛋,並修整巢,孵卵期約為21天,窩卵數從1-8均有紀錄,但以五顆以下比率最高。藉由DNA鑑定性別的方法,我們成功地鑑別出紅冠水雞的性別,經過分析後發現公鳥體型較母鳥略大。巢間的蛋長、蛋寬、蛋重和蛋容積均有顯著差異。巢與蛋之間僅巢內徑與蛋的數量有相關性。我們推測紅冠水雞在台灣族群量較大是因為:1.牠們可能為全年繁殖,且具備完善的親護行為與多樣化的繁殖行為。2.其生性隱密,築巢地點有時難以發現。3.紅冠水雞在台灣幾乎沒有天敵。4.幼雛的存活率高。推測影響紅冠水雞的生殖成功因子除了自然因素如雨量及風災外,人為的干擾是另一個較大的因子。
Abstract
The Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) is a member of the rail family that usually inhabits slow moving or still bodies of water and can spread relatively rapidly and colonize a wide range of habitats. This species is a common resident bird, but a study of its basic ecology has not been published in Taiwan. The objective of this study was to examine the Common Moorhen’s general breeding biology, as well as its diurnal activity patterns. I also made an attempt to describe its breeding behavior and time course. The possibility of morphometric characters difference between the male and female of the species was also examined. The study was conducted from December 2003 to May 2005 in Tainan county and Kaosiung Zhouzai wetland park. The majority of Common Moorhen breeding groups recorded during the study were monogamous. Both male and female birds share the tasks such as incubating the eggs, repairing nest and feeding chicks. The incubation period lasted about 21 days. Our study indicates that the clutch sizes of Common Moorhens ranged between 1 and 8 per female with two to five is typical. The primer P2 and P8 sexing method was successful in identifying the sexes of 52 Common Moorhen. The male was a little bigger than the female. There was significant difference in egg length, width and weight among individual females. Only a nest’s inside diameter correlated to (linear regression) the number of eggs. I think that the number of Common Moorhen populations studied in this study can be quite high, which may be due to :(1) they seem to be breed all year long with good parental care and a successful breeding system (2) some individuals may have well concealed nesting areas, and (3) they have few predators in Taiwan, (4) high survival rate of chicks.
目次 Table of Contents
Introduction................2
Materials and Methods.......6
Results....................11
Discussion.................14
Literature Cited...........19
Figures....................24
Figure.1...................24
Figure.2...................25
Figure.3...................26
Figure.6...................29
Figure.7...................30
Figure.8...................31
Figure.9...................32
Figure.10 ..................33
Figure.11 ..................34
Figure.12..................34
Figure.13..................35
Figure.14..................35
Figure.15..................36
Figure.16..................36
Figure.17..................37
Tables.....................38
Table.1....................38
Table.2....................38
Table.3....................39
Table.4....................39
Appendix.1.................40
Appendix.2.................41
Appendix.3.................42
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