毫米波傳輸扮演著實現巨量天線系統的重要技術，並且也是未來5G細胞系統的關鍵技術。然而，在使用巨量天線的狀況下會需要使用大量的射頻元件，使得需要大量硬體成本，因此使用全數位的陣列天線檢測訊號變得不切實際。於本篇論文中，首先我們會在巨量天線的系統中，提出適用於混合式陣列天線的ESPRIT估算二維入射方向角度。在毫米波的通道環境中，通道會具有稀疏的特性，因此估測有限入射方向角度可以有效重建通道。我們利用多階維納濾波器的方法，設計出在混合式陣列天線架構下低複雜度的接收機，其中，在這低複雜度接收機的架構中，每個數位端的射頻元件會與全部類比端的相位偏移器連接，依照最小均方誤差準則設計數位端與類比端之系數。模擬結果顯示出我們提出的適用於混合式陣列天線基於ESPRIT入射方向角度估算法效能可媲美與傳統全數位的ESPRIT入射方向角度估算法，並只需要較低的硬體成本。接著，驗證我們提出的低複雜度接收機，並且模擬結果顯示出其效能也非常近似於傳統全數位最小均方誤差接收機。

Millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission plays the key technology to implement the massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems and becomes a promising technology for the 5G cellular system. However, owing to the large scale multiple antennas used and high-cost RF chains, it is impractical to use all digital arrays to detect the signals. In this thesis, we first design the estimating signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) with hybrid analog and digital arrays for two-dimensional (2-D) angle of arrivals (AoA) estimation in massive MIMO systems.The estimated AoAs are the key parameters to reconstruct the mmWave channel in poor scattering environment. Then, considering the nature of the sparse channel, we apply the multistage Weiner filter (MWF) technology to design a low-complexity receiver beamformerfor a specific hybrid arrays. In this structure, each RF chain can connect to all the analog antennas, and both the analog phase shifter and the digital beamformer are joint optimized by the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) criterion. Simulation results show that our ESPRIT-based AOA estimation with hybrid arrays is comparable with all digital arrays under the sparse AoA signals, and it poses a lower hardware cost. Similar results can also be observed for the proposed low-complexity beamformer design which benefits from a lower computational complexity and can approach to the performance of full digitized beamformer.

論文審定書…………………….……………………………………..……………….....i
誌謝……………………….……………………………………..………………...........ii
中文摘要……………………….…………………………………..…………..…….....iii
英文摘要………………………………………………………..…………...……….....iv
目錄……………………………………………………………..…………...………......v
圖次……………………………………………………………….……………...……..vi
表次……………………………………………..……………………………..…..…...vii
第1章 導論………………………………………………………………………...……..1
第2章 系統模型…………………………………………………………………...……..7
第2.1節 巨量天線系統通道描述……………............................................….…7
第2.2節 線性最小化均方錯誤接收機設計描述…….…………………………........9
第3章 二維方位角估測設計.…………………………………………………...……...10
第3.1節 混合式陣列天線描述…….……………………………………….....……..10
第3.2節 混合式陣列天線二維方向角估測ESPRIT演算法................................16
第4章 低複雜度線性最小均方錯誤接收機設計.………………………...……...……19
第4.1節 MSWF之描述……………………..………………………………....…….19
第4.2節 低複雜度線性接收機之設計………………………………….…....……..21
第4.3節 複雜度計算…………………...…………………………………....………24
第5章 系統模擬及探討…………………………………………………………...……25
第6章 結論與未來展望………………………………………………………...………32
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………….……….33
附錄A………………………………………………………………………….………..36
附錄B……………………………………………………………………….…………..42

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