本論文試圖檢視多麗絲•萊辛之作品<<金色筆記>>中女性在日常生活中的身分追尋。<金色筆記>首次出版於一九六二年，探討了許多關於女性與自由的劃時代議題，透過對日常生活的描寫，萊辛對女性和其社會連結做了深刻的描繪。本論文從三項女性最常在日常生活中碰觸到的面向來探討她們的身分追尋:日常生活的空間、家庭中的例行工作，及女性在大眾媒體中被塑造的形象。藉由找尋女性主義學者和日常生活理論家對身分追尋議題的關聯，衍生出對女性身分追尋的詮釋，進而論證女性的身分建構是直接受日常生活事物之影響。
第一章著重在女性如何在城市，住家和房間等日常生活空間中找尋自我。藉由結合米歇爾•德塞杜對於城市和私人空間的論點，及女性主義對女性在公共(工作場所和城市)和私人空間(住家和房間)中地位的看法，空間之於女性的身分追尋是既強化也削弱的。第二章探討女性在居家生活領域所扮演的角色，特別是在烹飪與食物兩樣主軸上面，煮飯等例行事項常被視為無意義的工作。就女性而言，如何看待這些例行工作決定了她們將如何塑造自己的身分，以及她們在社會中的處境。此章節引用露西•傑德將烹飪視為女性的一種享受和莎拉•席茲對女性和食物之間的連結來呈現女性自身的歸屬感，以及她們在日常生活中所珍視的面向。在第三章中，我援引亨利•列斐伏爾對被控制的女性雜誌和貝蒂•弗里丹對女性在媒體上被呈現的特有女性形象之批評，來說明女性是如何地活在社會的監控之中。我提出在現代的社會中，大眾媒體對於女性的身分認同有極大的影響。因為媒體所呈現的女性形象與地位直接影響女性對自身情況的反思。此論文證實透過日常生活的活動，女性得以一步步地發掘自我，並終能重塑自我之身分。

This thesis intends to examine the theme of women’s identity searching through everyday life in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook. First published in 1962, The Golden Notebook deals with revolutionary topics concerning women and freedom. It is through the background descriptions of everyday life that Lessing depicts women and their relations with society. My focus in this thesis is on three daily aspects that women confront the most: the everyday space, domestic chores and women’s images in the mass media. Using both feminist theories and theories of everyday life, the thesis argues that female identity is shaped by what they do in everyday life, that it is embedded in the practices of everyday life.
The first chapter focuses on the everyday space women inhabit such as the room, the house and the city. Michel de Certeau’s analysis of the visibility of the city and private space is discussed with the feminist views concerning women and their roles in both public places (workplace and city) and private ones (house, room and kitchen). The result indicates that women’s relationship with space both facilitates and impedes their search for the selves. The second chapter investigates women’s role in domestic realms with a focus on cooking and food. Though routine works such as cooking daily meals are usually taken as insignificant matters, they are actually the determining force of women’s identity making because women perceive their social roles by responding to those trifles in their daily life. Availing itself of Luce Giard’s conception of culinary activities as a pleasure for women and Sarah Sceats’ view of the relation between food and women, the chapter suggests that women’s own definition of belonging and what they value in everyday life have everything to do with cooking and the sharing of food. In chapter three, I use Henri Lefebvre’s conception of women’s magazine and Betty Friedan’s critique regarding certain female images in public media to point out how women live under the watchful eyes of society. I argue that, in modern society, mass media also plays a significant role in women’s identity searching because women’s images on the mass media may trigger each woman’s reflection of their own life. This study demonstrates that through the daily activities, women discover their selves and thus reconstruct their identities in the end.

論文審定書..............................................................................i
Acknowledgements..................................................................ii
中文摘要.................................................................................iii
Abstract..................................................................................iv
Content...................................................................................vi
Introduction.............................................................................1
Chapter One: Women and Everyday Space................. ..............21
Chapter Two: Domesticity and Women’s Everyday Life...............48
Chapter Three: Women’s Images in Mass Media........................72
Conclusion..............................................................................95
Works Cited............................................................................99

Primary Texts
Lessing, Doris. The Golden Notebook. New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
---. The Summer Before the Dark. New York: Vintage, 1973.
---. “The Small Personal Voice.” A Small Personal Voice: Doris Lessing: Essays, Reviews, Interviews. Ed. Paul Schlueter. New York: Vintage, 1975. 3-21.
---. Time Bites: View and Reviews. New York: Harper Perennial, 2004.
---. Prisons We Choose to Live Inside. New York: Harper and Row, 1987.
---. Under My Skin. London: Flamingo, 1994.
---. Walking in the Shade 1949 to 1962. New York: HarperPerennial, 1997.
Woolf, Virginia. The Death of the Moth and Other Essays. London: The Hogarth Press, 1981.
Secondary Texts
Abel, Elizabeth. “The Golden Notebook: Female Writing and The Great Tradition.” Critical Essays on Doris Lessing. Ed. Claire Sprague and Virginia Tiger. Boston: Hall, 1986. 101-07.
Arias, Rosario. “All the World’s a Stage: Theatricality, Spectacle and the Flâneuse in Doris Lessing’s Vision of London.” Journal of Gender Studies 14.1 (2005): 3-11.
Budhos, Shirley. The Theme of Enclosure in Selected Works of Doris Lessing. New York: Whitston, 1987.
Carey, John L. “Art and Reality in The Golden Notebook.” Contemporary Literature
14.4 (1973): 437-56.
Cheng, Yuan-Jung. “Parody and Pastiche in The Golden Notebook.” Doris Lessing Studies 26.2 (2007): 4-7.
---. Heralds of the Postmodern: Madness and Fiction in Conrad, Woolf, and Lessing. New York: Peter Lang, 1999.
Chernin, Kim. The Hungry Self: Women, Eating, and Identity. New York: HarperPerennial, 1994.
Cohen, Stanley, and Laurie Taylor, eds. Escape Attempts: The Theory and Practice of Resistance in Everyday Life. London: Routledge,1992.
De Certeau, Michel. The Practice of Everyday Life. Trans. Steven Rendall. Berkeley: U of California P, 1988.
---, Luce Giard, and Pierre Mayol, eds. The Practice of Everyday Life: Volume 2: Living and Cooking. Trans. Timothy J. Tomasik. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1998.
Draine, Betsy. Substance Under Pressure: Artistic Coherence and Evolving Form in the Novels of Doris Lessing. Wisconsin: U of Wisconsin P, 1983.
Fahim, Shadia S. Doris Lessing: Sufi Equilibrium and the Form of the Novel. London: St. Martin’s, 1994.
Fisher, M.F.K. The Art of Eating. New York: Vintage, 1976.
Fishburn, Katherine. Doris Lessing Life, Work, and Criticism. Fredericton: York, 1987.
Friedan, Betty. The Feminine Mystique. New York: Norton, 1963.
Former, Julie E. “A Necessary Luxury: Tea in Victorian Fiction and Culture.” Diss.
University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2002.
Giddens, Anthony. Modernity and Self-Identity. Cambridge: Polity, 1991.
Goldman, Jane. The Cambridge Introduction to Virginia Woolf. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge UP, 2006.
Green, Barbara. “Complaints of Everyday Life: Feminist Periodical Culture and Correspondence Columns in The Woman Worker, Women Folk and The Freewoman.” Modernity 19.3 (2012): 461-85.
Greene, Gayle. Doris Lessing: The Poetics of Change. Michigan: U of Michigan P, 1994.
Henke, Suzette. “Reading Doris Lessing’s Golden Notebook As Feminist Trauma Narrative.” Doris Lessing Studies 27.1-2 (2008): 11-16.
Highmore, Ben. Everyday Life and Cultural Theory: An Introduction. London : Routledge, 2002.
Ingersoll , Eral G., ed. Doris Lessing : Conversations. New York: Ontario Review, 1994.
Jenkins, Richard. Social Identity. London: Routledge, 2008.
Joannou, Maroula. Contemporary Women’s Writing: From The Golden Notebook to The Color Purple. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2000.
Kim, Soo. “But Let’s Preserve the Forms: Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook (1962) As a Hegelian Modernist Novel.” Doris Lessing Studies 26.2 (2007): 14-18.
Lefebvre, Henri. Everyday Life in the Modern World. Trans. Sacha Rabinoritch. New Brunswick: Transcation, 2005.
Linfield, Susie. “Against Utopia: An Interview with Doris Lessing.” Salmagundi 130/131 (2001): 59-74.
Massey, Doreen. Space, Place and Gender. Cambridge: Polity, 1994.
Michael, Magali C. “Woolf’s Between Acts and Lessing’s The Golden Notebook: From Modern to Postmodern Subjectivity.” Woolf and Lessing: Breaking the Mold. Ed. Ruth Saxton and Jean Tobin. London: Macmillan, 1994. 39-56.
Myles, Anita. Doris Lessing: A Novelist With Organic Sensibility. New Delhi: Associated P, 1991.
Pickering, Jean. Understanding Doris Lessing. South Carolina: U of South Carolina P, 1990.
Porter, Dennis. “Realism and Failure in The Golden Notebook.” Modern Language Quarterly 35 (1974): 56-65.
Reaske, Herbert E. Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook: A Critical Commentary. New York: Monarch, 1974.
Rhode, Deborah L. “Media Images, Feminist Issues.” Signs 20.3 (1995): 685-710.
Rose, Gillian. Feminism and Geography: The Limits of Geographical Knowledge. Cambridge: Polity, 1993.
Sceats, Sarah. Food, Consumption and the Body in Contemporary Women’s Fiction. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2000.
Schlueter, Paul. “Self-Analytic Women: The Golden Notebook.” Modern Critical Views: Doris Lessing. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea, 1986. 45-76.
Schweickart, Patrocinio P. “Reading a Wordless Statement: The Structure of Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook.” Modern Fiction Studies 31.2 (1985): 263-79.
Showalter, Elaine. A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists From Brontë to Lessing. New Jersey: Princeton UP, 1977.
Smith, Dorothy E. The Everyday World As Problematic. Boston: Northeastern UP, 1987.
Smith, John. “The Creation of the World We Know: The World-Economy and Re-Creation of Gendered Identities.” Identity Politics & Women. Ed. Valentine M. Moghadam. Oxford: Westview, 1994. 27-41.
Song, Shenli. “Alienation and Isolation---Problems of the Modern Society in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook.” Review of European Studies 2.2 (2010): 164-69.
Storey, John. Cultural Consumption and Everyday Life. London: Arnold, 1999.
Spain, Daphne. Gendered Spaces. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1992.
Sprague, Claire. “Double Talk in The Golden Notebook.” Critical Essays on Doris Lessing. Ed. Claire Sprague and Virginia Tiger. Boston: Hall, 1986. 44-59.
---. “Multipersonal and Dialogic Modes in Mrs. Dalloway and The Golden Notebook.” Woolf and Lessing: Breaking the Mold. Ed. Ruth Saxton and Jean Tobin. London: Macmillan, 1994. 3-13.
Tange, Andrea K. Architectural Identities: Domesticity, Literature, and the Victorian Middle Class. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2010.
Taylor, Charles. Sources of The Self: The Making of the Modern Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1989.
Wander, Philip. Introduction. Everyday Life in the Modern World. By Henri Lefebvre. New Brunswick: Transcation, 2005.
Watkins, Craig S., and Rana A. Emerson. “Feminist Media Criticism and Feminist Media Practices.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 571 (2000): 151-66.
Walker, Nancy A. Feminist Alternatives: Irony and Fantasy in the Contemporary Novel By Women. London: UP of Mississippi, 1990.
Weir, Allison. “Global Feminism and Transformative Identity Politics.” Hypatia 23.4 (2008): 110-33.
Whittaker, Ruth. Macmillan Modern Novelists: Doris Lessing. Condon: Macmillan, 1988.