本研究岩心JRD-S取自於濁水溪口南岸，岩心總長約為103公尺，根據AMS-14C定年結果所建立的年代模式得知，整支岩心的年代涵蓋範圍在85 ka以內，沉積速率快且涵蓋時間範圍長。
經分析岩心沉積物中的總碳、總有機碳與正烷烴含量，結果顯示，碳優指數(CPI)與總無機碳百分比(TIC/TC)皆於10 ka(高程-47.31 m以淺)以後呈現明顯變化，顯示陸源高等植物貢獻的正烷類減少與海源生物殼體所貢獻的碳酸鹽類含量增加。本研究並且發現總無機碳百分比含量約於6 ka附近達到最高，推測可能是由於台灣海峽的海平面高度變化所控制。而輕重烴比值與海/陸源正烷烴比值可以指示海洋源有機物質輸入的影響，兩者則是在年代7 ka(高程-42.09 m以淺)以後，數值才有明顯增加的現象，推測這種時間上延遲的差異可能是由於各項指標對於海平面高度變化的反應時間不同所致。
另外本研究以各個具有指示環境變化的參數與EOF特徵權重分析的結果為依據，結果發現在年代69.91至67.25 ka、54.12至53.27 ka、44.93至43.32 ka、37.29至32.65 ka、30.82至29.05 ka、26.87至23.93 ka、20.26至17.84 ka與13.99至11.71 ka等八個時期，其CPI、草本植物比值以及平均碳鏈長(ACL)資料皆有相對高值的出現，在這些時期中，反射色值(b*)也呈現較高的現象，而輕重烴比值、水生植物指數(Paq)以及岩石源正烷類濃度則呈現較低值，顯示此時濁水溪沖積扇的植被主要以草本植物為主，暗示此時的氣候條件較為乾燥，且區域性降雨量減少，導致沉積物風化層的形成。
基於上述各個正烷類參數所指示的結果，本研究認為反射色(b*)值，可以反映出露於地表的沉積物經風化作用影響後的顏色特徵。在陸相沉積層的其他時期，特別在84.82至72.44 ka、62.86至54.12 ka、47.38至44.94 ka、43.32至38.45 ka、29.40至27.82 ka、23.94至21.21 ka以及17.84至15.06 ka等七個時期，其CPI、草本植物比值與ACL數值則呈現相對低值，而輕重烴比值、Paq以及岩石源正烷類濃度則較高，顯示其他時期的植被型態主要以木本植物為主，而當時的氣候條件應為相對較潮濕多雨，進而有較多的高成熟度岩石源碎屑受濁水溪侵蝕搬運沖刷至下游地區堆積。

Sedimentary core, JRD-S, derived from the estuary region of the Zhuoshui River, which has total length of 103 meters, was used in this study for organic compounds analysis. According to radioactive carbon isotope datings, the reconstructed age model shows that the core can cover the last 85,000 years. This means that the deposition rate is high enough for centennial to millennial-scale study, and is expected to get the ideal long-term record for reconstructing the paleoenvironmental changes and the interaction with paleoclimate system of the region of central Taiwan.
Contents of total carbon, total organic carbon and higher plant derived n-alkanes are tested in this study. For assessing sea/land sedimentary environment changes, several parameters are used for evaluating the influence caused by sea level changes, such as the capacity of carbon preference index (CPI), ratio of total inorganic carbon (TIC/TC), ratio of light to heavy hydrocarbon [n-(C15-C24)/n-(C25-C34)] and the ratio of sea/land sourced n-alkanes [n-(C15+ C17+C19)/n-(C27+C29+C31)]. Our results have shown that the values of CPI and TIC/TC both varied significantly since the Holocene. This indicates that the contribution of terrestrial higher plants wax-derived n-alkanes is reduced or marine sourced carbonate content contribution is increased. We also found that the TIC/TC contents shows the highest peak in the age of 6 ka, presumably due to sea level rise, thus allowing more marine organisms growth. At the age of 7 ka, ratios of n-(C15-C24)/n-(C25-C34) and n-(C15+C17+C19)/n-(C27+C29+C31) are increased, suggesting that the elevation of sea level of the Taiwan Strait reaches its’ highest.
Based on the various parameters and EOF eigenweighting results, we found that at the ages of 69.91 to 67.25 ka, 54.12 to 53.27 ka, 44.93 to 43.32 ka, 37.29 to 32.65 ka, 30.82 to 29.05 ka, 26.87 to 23.93 ka, 20.26 to 17.84 ka and 13.99 to 11.71 ka, the CPI, herb ratio and ACL have higher values, and the similar pattern can be observed in b* record. At the same time, ratio of n-(C15-C24)/n-(C25-C34), Paq values and higher plant-derived n-alkanes are low. We interpret that these results are caused by the weathering processes because of the exposure of riverine sediments in the Zhuoshui River drainage. The exposure of weathering sediment probably caused by the dry climate condition occurred in these periods. Otherwise, we also the CPI values are relative low besides these intervals which could be influenced by higher percentage of lithic n-alkanes. Thus, we conclude that the biomarkers can be sensitive to the varied environmental and climatic changes in the region of Zhuoshui River estuary, and can be good indicator for monitoring long-term climate change in the central part of Taiwan.

致謝 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
一、 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究區域 4
1.3 前人研究 6
1.4 生物指標 11
1.5 研究目的 20
二、 研究材料與方法 21
2.1 研究材料 21
2.2 年代模式 23
2.3 正烷類之分析方法 26
2.4 氣相層析儀之原理、升溫程序以及數據處理 29
2.5 總碳與總有機碳實驗方法 32
三、 結果 34
3.1 總碳與總有機碳的含量 34
3.2 正烷類生物指標的特徵 39
3.3 正烷類之古環境代用指標 48
3.4 經驗正交函數分析 54
四、 討論 60
4.1 陸相層沉積物之物理參數與生物指標關係 60
4.2 海相與陸相層之生物指標變化 63
4.3 生物指標指示環境變化的意義 68
五、 結論 73
參考文獻 74
附錄A 83
附錄B 86

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