「辨證論治」為中醫診斷之核心精隨，以望、聞、問、切四診作為疾病辨證之依據，透過四診診斷結果推斷患者身體病症或狀況，其中望診居於四診之首，而舌診在望診中為不可或缺之項目。臨床上中醫師常透過觀測舌面來了解人體腑臟虛實，但舌面判讀結果往往因個人診斷經驗、診斷技巧、詮釋及色彩感知等主觀判定所影響，同一舌面於不同中醫師診斷結果可能會有所差異，又中醫以八綱論證來闡述生理狀況，由身體所現之病徵觀察身體疾病，診斷結果常有所不一，其差異原因在於中醫於臨床診斷上缺乏客觀判斷指標。現今資訊科學蓬勃發展，中醫舌診結合了資訊科學邁向現代化及標準化發展。自動化舌診系統結合資訊科學，研發具標準化判別程序之系統，透過科學數據化方式提升診斷結果之可靠性與一致性，以利於醫師提早對症下藥與經驗統合。智慧手機舌診系統為以中醫為基礎之自動化舌診系統與雲端舌診系統做為根基所開發，使用者可於任何時間、任何地點利用智慧手機拍攝舌面影像，上傳至雲端進行舌面特徵分析。然而在拍攝過程中影像主要受到三種因素致使影像失真，分別為環境光源、相機內部感光元件與不同廠商色彩調度。本論文為使拍攝影像呈現原始色彩，根據以上三點失真因素順序進行補償，先對智慧手機進行不同品
牌型號色彩調度校正與感光元件校正後，再針對環境光源所造成之失真進行校正，最後利用色卡校正將影像真實色彩還原。由於各品牌型號手機感光元件尺寸與色彩條度皆不同，因此本論文將手機拍攝之影像透過灰界理論演算法與最大 RGB 值演算法結合方式進行廠商專屬色彩調度標準化，再者以一專業相機作為校正感光元件基準點，將專業相機與手機拍攝一標準白色塊且經廠商專屬色彩調度標準化後與為降低智慧手機於後置鏡頭閃光燈之單色溫或雙色溫影響，估算其影像色溫並將色溫調整至標準光源 D50 色溫，觀察專業相機與手機拍攝之標準白色塊差距求得感光元件修正矩陣。接著進行環境光源失真補償，透過智慧型手機內建閃光燈拍攝閃光燈影像，利用閃光燈影像與非閃光影像彼此間差異推倒環境光源校正係數進行校正。但作為感光元件校正之專業相機與智慧手機內建閃光燈亦會造成失真，因此透過標準色卡來進行顏色校正，使手機拍攝影像保有一致性。

The essence of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is “Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment” which is generally based on four standard approaches, observation, smelling/listening, inquiry, and palpation to dialectical diagnosis. During the process of observation, the diagnosis of the tongue is one of the crucial diagnosing steps. TCM practitioners can understand the organs ituation through the observation of the tongue, but the diagnosis of tongue may be influenced by personal clinical experience, diagnosis skills, senses, explanation of color and subjective factors is different from the same tongue in different TCM practitioners may produce differences in interpretation.
Moreover, doctors illustrate the physiological profile by eight principles which can't clearly diagnose of a single disease. In clinical research of specific diseases is a lack of objective TCM indices. Now the computer advance is progressing rapidly, the TCM tongue diagnosis combined with computer science towards modernization and standardization. The automatic tongue diagnosis system (ATDS) is combination of computer science and TCM tongue diagnosis, develop a system of standardized discriminatory procedures through scientific methods to improve the consistency and reliability of diagnostis, as well as help TCM practitioners to find disease early and give
therapy at the first moment, it also help TCM practitioners to experience integration. The ATDS of smartphone is Based on ATDS and ATDS cloud. By ATDS of smartphone user can use the smartphone to take the tongue image at any time and anywhere, and upload it to the ATDS cloud for tongue feature analysis. However, during the take process, the image is mainly affected by three factors. The factors respectively is smartphone camera sensor distortion, ambient light distortion, and color scheduling by different smartphone model. To making the captured image look natural by smartphone. According to the above three points of distortion factors in order to compensate, first is calibration the sensor and color scheduling for smartphone, and then calibration the distortion affected by the ambient light. At last, use stand of color card to calibration the image to original color. Since the size of the sensor of each brand smartphone is different, so use a professional camera as the reference point for calibration the sensor. With the Gray World theory algorithm and maximum RGB algorithm combine to result the calibration matrix to correct each brand of smartphone sensor, and estimating the image color temperature to adjust the image color temperature to the standard light source D50 color temperature to achieve camera sensor distortion correction. Flash take image via smartphone built-in flash. Using a flash image combined with a non-flash image to go on white balance calibration to achieve ambient light source distortion calibration. However, the digital single lens reflex camera and smartphone built-in flash as the reference for calibration the sensor may cause to image distortion. Therefore, use the color calibration is performed by the standard color card to restore the distortion image to the natural color

目 錄

學位論文審定書............................................................................................i
中文摘要......................................................................................................ii
英文摘要.....................................................................................................iii
目 錄............................................................................................................v
圖目錄........................................................................................................vii
表目錄.........................................................................................................ix
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................1
1.1 背景與目的............................................................................................1
1.2 自動化舌診系統.....................................................................................1
1.3 智慧手機舌診系統.................................................................................2
1.3.1 智慧手機舌診系統舌面分析流程........................................................3
1.3.2 雲端跨平台溝通.................................................................................3
1.3.3 自動色溫白平衡.................................................................................4
1.3.4 雲端舌面切割....................................................................................6
1.3.5 雲端舌面特徵分析.............................................................................7
1.3.6 智慧手機舌診分析資料庫..................................................................8
1.4 手機相機色彩轉譯................................................................................8
第二章 相關研究.......................................................................................10
2.1 色溫....................................................................................................10
2.2 CIE1931 XYZ ....................................................................................11
2.3 YCbCr ...............................................................................................13
2.4 基於閃光燈影像自動白平衡演算法.....................................................14
第三章 研究方法.......................................................................................17
3.1 智慧手機色彩調度標準化....................................................................17
3.1.1 灰界理論..........................................................................................17
3.1.2 最大 RGB 值....................................................................................18
3.1.3 權重整合..........................................................................................19
3.2 感光元件標準化...................................................................................21
3.3 色溫轉換..............................................................................................22
3.3.1 色溫估算...........................................................................................22
3.3.2 色溫轉換...........................................................................................23
3.4 基於閃光燈影像白平衡校正.................................................................26
3.4.1 閃光燈陰影與鏡面反射.....................................................................26
3.4.2 舌面位移修正...................................................................................28
3.4.3 紅色光源環境...................................................................................30
3.5 色卡校正.............................................................................................32
第四章 實驗結果.......................................................................................35
第五章 討論與未來展望............................................................................73
參考文獻...................................................................................................74

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