本文乃針對Wi-Fi無線訊號進行室內定位之研究，期望未來使用現有的Wi-Fi基地台(Access Points, AP)即可達成定位的應用。首先分別在室外及室內場地進行無線訊號強度和距離之關係的量測，並掌握無線訊號於不同場域之衰減特性。接著透過對室內場地及室外場地建立之接收訊號強度指示(Received Signal Strength Indication, RSSI)等高線圖，對於室內外環境無線訊號的空間特性，及室內障礙物對無線訊號造成的影響進行探討。
定位實驗分別在室外場地、室內場地、與大型室內場地進行。在定位實驗前，必須先根據每個場地的訊號強度資料庫建構整個場地的機率地圖。接著則把所量測得到的無線訊號配合機率地圖求得地圖中每個位置的定位機率，而最大機率的位置即為定位點。所提出的演算法也成功地於室內場地、室內場地、大型室內場地分別達到0.5m、1m及3m以內的平均定位誤差。

This thesis focuses on study of indoor positioning using Wi-Fi signal for future possible application to positioning based on existing Wi-Fi access points (APs). Firstly, measurement experiments are conducted to explore the relationship between Wi-Fi signal strength and distance, and the attenuation characteristics of Wi-Fi signal for outdoor and outdoor environments. Then the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) contour map can be established for both environments. With the signal strength contour map, the spatial features of the Wi-Fi signal in both indoor and outdoor environments, and the effect from the indoor obstacles are investigated.
Three different fields, an outdoor site, an indoor site, and a large indoor site, are involved in the positioning experiments. Before the positioning experiments, the probabitity map for each experimental site according to the signal strength database needs to be contructed first. The location with the highest probability indicates the positioning result by determining positioning probability at every location using the measured signal strength and the probability map. The proposed algorithm successfully demonstrates less 0.5m, 1m, and 3m average positioning errors for the outdoor site, the indoor site, and the large indoor site, respectively.

論文審定書 ii
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機與目的 1
1.2文獻回顧 3
1.3論文架構 6
第二章 Wi-Fi無線技術 7
2.1 Wi-Fi技術 7
2.2 常見名詞說明 9
第三章 無線定位技術 10
3.1 三角定位法 10
3.2訊號指紋法 11
3.3角度定位法 12
3.4傳遞時間定位法 12
第四章無線訊號RSSI量測實驗及分析 14
4.1實驗場地、器材說明 14
4.1.1 實驗場地 14
4.1.2 實驗器材 17
4.1.3 實驗器材之架設 20
4.2距離和RSSI之關係 21
4.2.1 室外場地實驗 21
4.2.2 室內場地一實驗 24
4.2.3 室內場地二實驗 28
4.2.4 測試結論 31
4.3 RSSI等高線 32
4.3.1 室外場地之RSSI等高線 32
4.3.2 室外場地中每個AP單獨存在之RSSI等高線 36
4.3.3 室內場地一之RSSI等高線 39
4.3.4 室內場地二之RSSI等高線圖 43
4.3.5 測試結論 48
第五章 室內定位演算法 49
5.1定位方法之理論推導 49
5.2 定位流程之說明 52
5.3定位系統之實作 54
5.3.1 Android手機程式 54
5.3.2電腦端定位程式 56
第六章 室內定位實驗結果 57
6.1 室外場地 57
6.2 室內場地一 60
6.3 室內場地二 61
6.4 實驗結果分析 63
第七章 結論與未來規劃 64
參考文獻 65
附錄一：室外場地定位實驗數據資料 68
Training Data: 68
Test Data: 73
附錄二：室內場地一定位實驗數據資料 77
Training Data: 77
Test Data: 82
附錄三：室內場地二定位實驗數據資料 86
Training Data: 86
Test Data: 94

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