本論文主要在建立錫-銀-銅與錫-鉛兩錫球材料疲勞壽命有關之 Coffin-Manson 關係式。文中先配合 CSP 錫球構裝，分別進行熱循環疲勞試驗與錫球推力試驗，再結合有限元素套裝軟體 MARC 程式，計算出不同錫球材料對應之等效塑性剪應變變幅。依據等效塑性剪應變變幅-疲勞壽命關係，導出錫球之 Coffin-Manson 關係式。文中並配合文獻發表之常溫低循環疲勞實驗結果，以印證此公式之適用性。並探討應用所建立 Coffin-Manson 關係式，對 BGA 形式之 CSP與 VCSEL 構件，分別使用錫-銀-銅、錫-鉛材料錫球，探討兩者各別在承受 JESD22-A104A 及 TA-TSY-000983 熱循環規範下，所預估疲勞壽命之差異準確性。數據結果顯示，本研究所提利用銲域局部等效塑性剪應變變幅概念建立之 Coffin-Manson 疲勞壽命預估公式，對錫-銀-銅與錫-鉛錫球疲勞壽命之預估，具頗佳之精度與實用性。

The Coffin-Manson equations of Sn/Ag/Cu and Sn/Pb solder joints are presented in this thesis. The experimental results of CSP thermal cycle fatigue test and ball shear test are used to formulate Coffin-Manson equations. The maximum amplitude of equivalent plastic shear strain corresponding to these two experiments are employed. The MARC finite element package is used to calculate the plastic shear strain. Different published fatigue experiment results have been used to show the accuracy and the feasibility of these proposed equations. The 3-D finite element models of the BGA type’s CSP and VCSEL assembly are employed to simulate the thermal cycling fatigue. Results indicate that the fatigue lifes of solder predicted by using the proposed equations have good agreement with those measured from experimental tests.

目錄 i
圖目錄 iv
表目錄 ix
符號說明 x
摘要 xiii
第一章　緒論 1
1-1　前言 1
1-1-1　簡介 1
1-1-2　研究動機與方法 4
1-2　文獻回顧 5
1-2-1　疲勞壽命理論 5
1-2-2　錫球推力試驗 7
1-3　組織與章節 8
第二章　相關理論與有限元素分析 9
2-1　Surface Evolver 基礎理論 9
2-2　有限元素分析方法 11
2-2-1　力學模式 11
2-2-2　熱分析模式 14
2-2-3　接觸（Contact） 19
2-3疲勞壽命理論模式 25
第三章 錫球疲勞壽命公式之建立 30
3-1　CSP熱循環試驗 30
3-1-1　實驗方法與結果 30
3-1-2　有限元素分析 33
3-2　錫球推力試驗分析 51
3-2-1　實驗方法與結果 51
3-2-2　有限元素分析 53
3-3　錫-銀-銅與錫-鉛錫球疲勞壽命公式 71
3-3-1　等溫低循環疲勞實驗 71
3-3-2　錫-銀-銅錫球之 Coffin-Manson 關係式 95
3-3-3　錫-鉛錫球之Coffin-Manson 關係式 97
3-3-4　錫-銀-銅與錫-鉛疲勞壽命之比較 98
第四章　錫球疲勞壽命預測 103
4-1　模型特性 103
4-1-1　電子封裝—BGA 形式之 CSP 103
4-1-2　光電封裝—VCSEL 構件 104
4-2　銲錫疲勞壽命預估 106
4-2-1　電子封裝之銲錫疲勞壽命預估 106
4-2-2　光電封裝之銲錫疲勞壽命預估 107
4-3　不同疲勞壽命預估公式之比較 109
第五章　結論 128
5-1　結論 128
5-2　未來展望 130
參考文獻 131
附錄A　等溫低循環疲勞實驗之疲勞壽命 136

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