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論文名稱 Title |
以氧化鎳披覆中間相微碳球製備複合式電極應用於超級電容器之研究 Study of supercapacitor using composite electrodes with NiO coated mesocarbon microbeads |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
102 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2013-07-09 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2013-08-24 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
複合式電極、中間相微碳球、能量密度、超級電容器、氧化鎳 Energy density, Composite electrodes, Mesocarbon microbeads, Supercapacitor, Nickel oxide |
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統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 5715 次,被下載 396 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5715 times, has been downloaded 396 times. |
中文摘要 |
本研究以調配氧化鎳溶液混合具高比表面積(2620 m2/g)的中間相微碳球(Mesocarbon microbeads, MCMB),藉由150 nm濾紙過濾,經熱處理製程製作複合式碳粉,並製備超級電容器之複合式電極,探討熱處理溫度、導電碳黑的添加量、黏著劑的添加量及不同體積莫耳濃度氧化鎳對電容特性之影響;並以循環伏安分析(CV),找出具最佳電容特性之複合式電極製備參數,並對複合式電極進行恆電流充放電效率與壽命測試。 研究結果顯示,0.75 M NiO於熱處理溫度250℃製作之複合式碳粉,並添加25 wt.%的碳黑及2 wt.%的黏著劑可製備出最佳電容特性的複合式電極,其比電容值於非水系電解質(1 M LiClO4)中為228 F/g。由XRD與SEM分析可知,氧化鎳晶相強度隨熱處理溫度提高,有增強趨勢;而氧化鎳披覆碳球結構也隨熱處理溫度提高越是明顯。由循環伏安分析得知,複合式電極在25 mV/s掃描速率下具有最佳的比電容值228 F/g,並在放電電流0.03 A下,計算出能量密度為285 Wh/kg,功率密度為69.8 kW/kg,顯示本研究製備之複合式電極具有優良的電容特性;另外,在恆電流充放電效率與壽命測試中,複合式電極在經過連續5000次的充放電後,其充放電效率仍可接近100%,且電極材料與基板間仍具有良好的附著性。 |
Abstract |
In this study, the composite electrode of supercapacitor was fabricated with composite active carbon. The composite active carbon of NiO coated mesocarbon microbeads was prepared by filtering the composite solution and heat treatment. For finding the optimal processing parameters of composite electrodes, the temperature of heat treatment, the amount of carbon black and binder, and various molarity of NiO solution on the capacitative properties of supercapacitor are investigated. The cyclic voltammograms (CV) characteristics of capacitance are studied with a scan rate of 25 mV/s. The charge-discharge efficiency and life time of the composite electrode are also discussed. Experimental results reveal that the optimum composite active carbon was obtained with the molarity of 0.75 M NiO and temperature of heat treatment of 250℃ and adding 25 wt.% carbon black and 2 wt.% binder. The specific capacitance of composite electrodes in 1 M LiClO4 are 228 F/g . Besides, the XRD and SEM results showed the intensities of crystalline peaks of NiO increased as the temperature increased and the crystal structure of NiO coated mesocarbon microbeads became obvious as the temperature increased. The energy density and power density of composite electrodes are 285 Wh/kg and 69.8 kW/kg. It reveals the promotion of the capacitative properties of supercapacitor at higher energy density and power density. Finally, in the test of charge-discharge efficiency and life time, the charge-discharge efficiency is near 100% after 5000 cycles and it still retains good adhesion between electrode material and substrate. |
目次 Table of Contents |
總目錄 論文審定書 致謝 摘要 i Abstract ii 總目錄 iv 圖次 viii 表次 xi 附錄索引 xii 第一章 前言 1 1-1 概述 1 1-2 研究目的 4 1-3 研究內容 6 1-4 超級電容器文獻回顧 7 1-4-1 活性碳電極文獻探討 7 1-4-2 金屬氧化物電極文獻探討 9 1-4-3 複合式電極文獻探討 10 第二章 理論 12 2-1 超級電容器電極材料簡介 12 2-2 電極製備方式 14 2-2-1 碳電極製備方式 14 2-2-2 金屬氧化物電極製備方式 14 2-2-3 複合式電極製備方式 15 2-3 超級電容器結構 16 2-3-1 碳電極層 16 2-3-2 金屬氧化物層 16 2-3-3 集電板 17 2-3-4 電解質 18 2-4 超級電容器的儲能原理 20 2-4-1 電雙層電容 20 2-4-2 偽電容 23 2-5 電化學理論 25 2-5-1 二極式與三極式 25 2-5-2 電化學電容器之電容量測 27 第三章 實驗 31 3-1 過渡金屬氧化物溶液之調配 32 3-1-1 起始原料 32 3-1-2 氧化鎳(NiO)溶液調配 32 3-2 複合式結構碳粉之製作 32 3-2-1 複合式溶液調配 32 3-2-2 熱處理製程製備複合式碳粉 32 3-3 複合式電極製備 35 3-3-1 添加量定義 35 3-3-2 碳膏製備材料 35 3-3-3 碳膏調配 36 3-3-4 基板選擇與清洗 36 3-3-5 複合式電極之塗佈 37 3-4 電解質調配 38 3-5 複合式碳粉與電極物性分析 39 3-5-1 X光繞射 (X-ray diffraction, XRD)分析 39 3-5-2 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Field emission scanning electron microscope, FE-SEM)分析 39 3-5-3 能量散佈光譜儀 (Energy dispersive spectrometer, EDS)分析 40 3-5-4 比表面積與孔徑分析 40 3-6 電化學分析 43 3-6-1 循環伏安(Cyclic voltammogram, CV)特性分析 43 3-6-2 恆電流充放電效率 (Charge-discharge efficiency)測試 43 3-7 功率密度與能量密度 44 第四章 結果與討論 45 4-1 不同熱處理溫度對電容特性之影響 45 4-1-1 複合式碳粉之XRD晶相強度分析 45 4-1-2 複合式碳粉之SEM表面形貌分析 49 4-1-3 複合式電極物性分析 52 4-1-4 循環伏安分析 55 4-2 添加不同重量百分比碳黑對電容特性之影響 57 4-2-1 複合式電極之SEM表面形貌分析 57 4-2-2 循環伏安分析 61 4-3 添加不同重量百分比黏著劑 ( PVB )對電容特性之影響 63 4-3-1 複合式電極表面形貌SEM分析 63 4-3-2 複合式電極剖面結構SEM分析 65 4-3-3 循環伏安分析 67 4-4 不同體積莫耳濃度NiO溶液對電容特性之影響 69 4-4-1 複合式碳粉之SEM表面形貌分析 69 4-4-2 循環伏安分析 72 4-5 壽命測試與能量及功率密度 75 4-5-1 恆電流充放電測試 75 4-5-2 能量與功率密度 76 第五章 結論 78 參考文獻 80 附錄 86 |
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