隨著行動裝置數量及網路流量遽增，在行動通訊網路面臨頻譜效率、頻譜利用 問題，如今頻譜多已被分配的情況下，增加頻譜十分困難。因此，在提升系統資料流量、減輕負載考量下，裝置間(Device to Device, D2D)通訊傳輸技術在近年來越來越受到重視。D2D是指無線裝置間不透過基地台轉送，直接進行通訊的技術。同時也會使整體網路變得更複雜，D2D可以重複使用cellular UE的頻譜提升頻譜效率，但同時也會造成干擾情形日趨嚴重，所以需要考量到每個UE的品質以避免造成cellular UE干擾，如何去協調各個裝置所使用的資訊以及訊號強度對於D2D communication來說顯得非常重要。
根據以往的研究中發現D2D做資源分配時，尚未考量到干擾嚴重時UE拿取資源的需求，以及對於所有UEs分配資源和管理會造成時間延遲。所以利用分散式架構中採用cluster方式，因為cluster具有改善cellular network的效能亦具有multicast的特性，能在cluster中透過Cluster Head進行分散管理、資源分配以及改善在cell edge UEs收不到訊號情況，當有UEs傳送cell edge UEs時可降低傳送時間，雖然在cluster具有multicast的特性，但是CH消耗電量最大。所以本篇論文會因為UEs增加而調整CH數量以達到省電目的。
本篇論文中期望在Cellular Network 中的UE不論在Cell edge和來自訊號干擾情況下，能藉由抑制干擾機制和擴大服務涵蓋範圍方式，不論是干擾嚴重環境或是在cell edge的UE，都能儘量滿足所有UE服務需求。

With the increasing number of mobile devices and the dramatic increase in network traffic, the mobile communication networks are facing spectrum efficiency or spectrum utilization problem. At same time increasing the spectrum is very difficult. Therefore, to enhance the system data flow and reduce the load, between Device to Device (D2D) communications technology in recent years has more attention.
D2D does not transfer through base station and can communication directly. But adding D2D in cellular networks becomes more complex. D2D can reuse cellular UE‘s spectrum and enhance spectrum efficiency, but cellular UEs also suffer serious interference from D2D. It is necessary to consider the quality of each UEs in order to avoid interference caused by D2D, and how to coordinate information and signal strength of each device used for D2D communication is very important.
Based on previous studies, it has not been considered whether there is a serious effect to meet demand for resources for each UE, and whether all UE allocation of resources and management by eNB will result in time delay. By taking advantage of distributed architecture using cluster approach we improved the effectiveness of the cellular network, by dispersing in cluster management and resource allocation through Cluster Head. Because Cluster Head consumes large amounts of energy, in this paper we consider energy issues and increase the number of Cluster Heads with the growing number of UEs.
In this paper we propose the interference suppression mechanism and expand services coverage by introducing Cluster Heads. Regardless of serious interference or at cell edge of the UE our goal is to meet demand for services. To combine the advantages of D2D and eNB reduce time delay and enhance D2D user satisfaction ratio.

目 錄
學位論文審定書 i
謝詞 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目 錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 導論 1
1.1 簡介 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 相關背景 5
2.1 LTE 3GPP 無線網路技術的演進 5
2.2 Device-to-Device通訊技術介紹 6
2.2.1 Mode selection and Resource Allocation 8
2.3 Cluster 方法 10
第三章 研究方法 14
3.1分散式 - CLUSTER 介紹 14
3.1.1 Cluster Head 選擇 15
3.2 Mode Selection 25
3.3資源分配 27
第四章 模擬與效能分析 29
4.1模擬環境與參數設定 29
4.1.1介紹模擬工具Matlab 29
4.2 評測項目 31
4.3 模擬結果與分析 32
4.3.1 中斷機率 (Outage Probability) 32
4.3.2 平均傳送時間 (Average Transmission Time) 48
4.3.3 能源消耗 (Energy Consumption) 51
4.3.4 系統吞吐量 (System Throughput) 53
4.3.5 滿意度 ( Satisfaction Ratio) 54
4.3.6 20CH和18CH平均傳送時間和能源消耗 55
4.3.7 Cluster Head和 cluster member之間平均距離 58
第五章 結論與未來展望 66
參考文獻 67

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