由於血液中微量成分含量的變化可以反應人類生理上的狀況。因此一般在做生化檢驗時，血液分析是不可或缺的步驟。在以往由於檢驗的步驟過於繁複所耗時間過於冗長，因此往往無法在第一時間內掌握病情而延誤治療的時間。近年來由於基質輔助雷射脫附游離飛行時間質譜法（MALDI / TOF）的開發，對於偵測生化樣品有極大的幫助，且具有分析速度快、操作簡單、樣品需求量少的優點，故可利用此項技術快速檢測血液中的微量成分。
本研究中將利用離心、有機溶劑沈澱法、酸性溶劑沈澱法、鹽類析出、親和分離等方法，先除去血液中蛋白質主要成分如:白蛋白(albumin)等干擾後，再以MALDI分析血清中所含次要成分的組成。研究結果發現只要能選擇正確的基質及調整適當的分析物/基質比例，則血液中許多極微量的蛋白質和胜

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摘要.............................................I

目錄...........................................III

圖目錄...........................................V

表目錄........................................VIII

壹、 序論....................................1
一、前言.........................................1
二、基質輔助雷射脫附游離質譜法...................3
1. MALDI的發展歷史...............................3
2. MALDI / TOF的樣品製備與儀器設計原理...........4
3. MALDI中離子的形成機制.........................6
4. MALDI中基質的特性與功能.......................7
三、電泳分離法...................................9
1.發展歷史.......................................9
2.電泳的操作原理................................11
3.等電電泳法(Isoelectric Focusing Electrophoresis)
................................................13
四、人類血液的組成..............................15
1.全血、血漿、血清的區別........................15
2.血球的演化....................................18
3.血漿中的化學組成..............................18
4.血液的功能....................................24
五、論文目標....................................27

貳、 實驗...................................30
一、儀器裝置....................................30
二、試劑的配製與實驗操作........................32

參、 結果與討論.............................48

肆、 結論...................................91

伍、 參考資料...............................93

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