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博碩士論文 etd-0725106-173423 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0725106-173423
論文名稱
Title
台灣產標蛇屬之親緣地理
Phylogeography of Odd-scaled Snake Achalinus in Taiwan
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
53
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2006-06-14
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2006-07-25
關鍵字
Keywords
多次入侵、親緣關係、標蛇
phylogeography, genetic structure, Achalinus niger
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5903 times, has been downloaded 2820 times.
中文摘要
標蛇( Achalinus niger)為台灣特有種,在分類上屬於蛇亞目(Serpentes),黃頷蛇科(Colubridae),閃皮蛇亞科(Xenodermatinae)中的標蛇屬(Achalinus)。標蛇分布在台灣的中、高海拔山區,海拔分布由1000公尺到3000公尺。由於生物族群的遺傳結構與地理分布,容易受到地理環境的影響,造成族群之間分群的現象,尤其是山脈以及被河流切割的河谷,提供了一個阻擾生物的擴散及遷移的環境。本研究欲利用分子生物的方法,來檢視標蛇族群內與族群之間的基因變異程度,並去釐清標蛇族群間的親緣地理關係,進一步去探討標蛇族群的分布,是否與台灣的山脈分布有關。研究樣本來自台灣北、中、南各山區共18個採集點,萃取組織中粒線體DNA中的ND2片段來進行序列分析。結果得知本研究分析ND2基因序列的長度為994 bp,核苷酸歧異度平均值為3.5%,平均基因距離為3.87%。其中,梅峰地區的族群遺傳結構較為特殊,分析其他資料後,推測標蛇為多次入侵的物種。親緣關係方面,標蛇族群分為三個主要的系群,且系群的分布與地理位置大致相同,系群Ⅰ為分布在台灣北部的雪山山脈;系群Ⅱ為分布在台灣中南部的山區;系群Ⅲ則為中部的梅峰地區。從AMOVA得到標蛇族群的變異來自各系群之間,並非來自族群內的個體,因此推測標蛇族群的分布與山脈的隔離有程度上的相關。
Abstract
Achalinus niger is an endemic species of Taiwan. It distributes from 1000 to 3000 m in altitude. The effect of geological isolation, especially mountains and valleys may influence the population genetic structure of the species. The ND2 gene was used as genetic marker to analyze the genetic structure of populations and phylogeography of A. niger. The mean genetic distance is 3.87% and the mean nucleotide diversity 3.5%. The Meifeng population was distinct in genetic structure from other populations. The data suggest that A. niger had more than one incursion events. In phylogenetic analyses, there were three major lineages in A. niger, and these lineages were correlated to geographic distribution. LineageⅠ was sampled from northern Taiwan, lineageⅡ from southern Taiwan, while lineage Ⅲ from Meifeng only. The result of AMOVA indicated that there were high genetic variations among groups. The genetic isolation and geographic distribution of these groups probably resulted from the geographic barriers.
目次 Table of Contents
Contents



Introduction 1

Materials and Methods 5

Results 11

Discussion 16

Literature Cited 22












Figure and Table Contents



Figure 1 28
Figure 2 29
Figure 3. 30
Figure 4 31
Figure 5 32
Figure 6 33
Figure 7 34
Figure 8 35
Figure 9 36
Figure 10 37
Figure 11 38
Figure 12 39
Figure 13 40

Table 1. 41
Table 2. 42
Table 3. 43
Table 4. 44
Table 5 44
Table 6 45
Table 7 46
Table 8 47
Table 9 47
Table 10 48
Table 11 48
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