盤狀液晶具有自組裝特性，排列整齊的盤狀液晶可應用於多種有機光電元件；本新型高分子盤狀液晶DLC-PAM，是以高分子聚丙烯醯胺（polyacrylamide,PAM）作為高分子的主鏈，再以化學合成將盤狀液晶單體DLC-Acid6接到高分子的側鏈上。本研究分為兩部份，第一部份量測盤狀液晶的光電特性與變化，利用偏光顯微鏡觀察溫度變化時液晶排列的特性，可確定DLC-PAM呈現柱狀排列；透過X-光繞射儀鑑定DLC-PAM為六角柱狀堆積，有利於載子傳輸；DLC-PAM由UV-VIS量測吸收光譜，其在409nm有一吸收峰，證明可吸收可見光；以光電子光譜分析儀(PESA)量測其HOMO電位為5.47電子伏特，搭配UV-VIS由吸收光譜計算材料能隙為2.55~2.82電子伏特，再利用能隙及HOMO電位計算其LUMO電位為2.65~2.92電子伏特。
第二部份將DLC-PAM導入有機太陽能電池，由能階及各種不同元件結構測試可知DLC-PAM適合做為電洞傳輸層，加入於太陽能電池ITO/PEDOT：PSS/P3HT：PCBM/Al中，PEDOT與P3HT：PCBM之間，結構變為ITO/PEDOT：PSS/DLC-PAM/P3HT：PCBM/Al，量測證明幫助電洞傳輸的高分子盤狀液晶DLC-PAM確實能提升太陽能電池之效率，比起標準元件提升16.2%的效率。

Discotic liquid crystal is one kind of self-assembled material, liquid crystal with regular alignment could be applied to many kinds of organic electro-optical devices. This novel discotic liquid crystal polymer DLC-PAM, we used polyacrylamide(PAM) as main chain of the novel discotic liquid crystal polymer DLC-PAM and grafted the discotic liquid crystal monomer Acid-6 onto PAM by chemical synthesis. There were two parts in this study, first we investigated the electro-optical properties of DLC-PAM. Observation the aligned property of DLC-PAM during temperature variation utilizing polarizing optical microscope, DLC-PAM exhibited the columnar alignment. We observed hexagonal columns which DLC-PAM aligned by X-ray diffraction, it benefited the carrier transporting. The absorption spectrum of DLC-PAM presented an absorption peak at 409 nm certifying that DLC-PAM could absorb the visible light. We measured the HOMO potential of DLC-PAM which is 5.47eV by PESA. Form absorption spectrum we calculated the band-gap of DLC-PAM which was 2.55~2.82eV, and then we used the HOMO potential and the band-gap to calculate the LUMO potential of DLC-PAM to be 2.65~2.92eV.
The second part in this study we applied DLC-PAM to the organic solar cell. Because of the energy level of DLC-PAM and the different device structure tests we realized that DLC-PAM was suitable to be hole transporting layer. The device structure we used was ITO/PEDOT:PSS/DLC-PAM/P3HT:PCBM/Al, DLC-PAM layer was added between the PEDOT:PSS layer and the active layer. The power conversion efficiencies proved that DLC-PAM layer which benefited hole transporting raising the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The power efficiency of the device added DLC-PAM layer raised 16.2% comparing with the standard device.

誌 謝............................................................................I
摘 要............................................................................II
Abstract......................................................................III
第一章 緒論 ................................................................1
1.1 前言...................................................................... 1
1.2 有機太陽能電池結構發展.................................. 3
1.2.1單層結構.............................................................3
1.2.2雙層異質接面(heterojunction)結構.................4
1.2.3單層異質接面結構 ............................................6
1.3 研究動機與目的..................................................10
第二章 基本理論........................................................13
2.1有機薄膜太陽能電池之工作原理.......................13
2.2 有機太陽能電池之功率轉換效率 .....................18
2.3 盤狀液晶（discotic liquid crystal, DLC..........20
2.4 高分子液晶材料..................................................23
2.4.1 主鏈型高分子液晶材料 （main-chain
liquid crystal polymer, MCLCP）..........................23
2.4.2 側鏈型高分子液晶材料（side-chain
liquid crystal polymer,SCLCP）............................24
2.4.3 複合型高分子液晶材料...................................24
第三章 實驗儀器及其原理........................................25
3.1 雙晶薄膜X光繞射儀( X-ray diffractmeter,
XRD）........................................................................25
3.1.1 儀器簡介...........................................................25
3.4.2 儀器原理[14]....................................................26
3.2 旋轉塗佈機(spin coater)...................................30
3.3蒸鍍機(Evaporator).............................................31
3.3.1儀器簡介............................................................31
3.3.2 儀器原理...........................................................31
3.4 偏光顯微鏡 (Polarizing Optical Microscope).33
3.5 紫外與可見光光譜儀（UV-Vis spectrometer）
.....................................................................................35
3.5.1 儀器簡介...........................................................35
3.5.2 儀器原理...........................................................36
3.6 太陽光譜模擬量測系統（solar simulator system）...................................................................38
3.6.1 儀器簡介..........................................................38
3.6.2 儀器原理..........................................................39
3.7 表面輪廓儀(Surface profiler)...........................40
3.8 光電子光譜分析儀(Photo-electron
spectroscopy in air，簡稱PESA)..........................42
第四章 Thin film solar cell元件之製作..................44
第五章 量測與結果分析...........................................52
5.1 光學分析.............................................................52
5.1.1 紫外與可見光光譜之探討..............................52
5.2 能階分析.............................................................54
5.3 排列特性分析.....................................................57
5.3.1 偏光顯微鏡分析..............................................57
5.3.2 X光繞射儀分析..............................................62
5.3.3 光電量測系統分析.........................................64
5.4有機薄膜太陽能電池元件效率之探討.............68
5.4.1 量測步驟及儀器參數.....................................68
5.4.2 DLC-PAM以bulk-heterojunction結構作
為donor....................................................................68
5.4.3 DLC-PAM作為電子傳輸層...........................71
5.4.4 DLC-PAM作為電洞傳輸層Type A(ITO/DLC-PAM/PEDOT：PSS/P3HT：PCBM/Al)...............73
5.4.5 DLC-PAM作為電洞傳輸層 Type B (ITO/PEDOT：PSS/DLC-PAM/P3HT：PCBM/Al)......................76
5.5 DLC-PAM/active layer 分層分析..................81
第六章 結論與未來工作........................................85
6.1 結論..................................................................85
6.2 未來工作..........................................................86
參考文獻.................................................................87

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