由於科技的進步與無線網路的普及，市面上各種行動裝置已從單純的文字傳輸與語音通話功能，演變成今日各社群網路、影音串流以及電玩遊戲傳輸的多元服務。隨著行動裝置的服務需求量增加，網路的負擔也越來越大，因此為了滿足更廣大的網路需求，網際網路便成為各家電信業者相繼競爭的項目。

近年來高速鐵路的興建與搭乘風潮，無線網路的使用者移動速度較以往更快，加上無線通訊服務之需求大增。過去LTE （Long Term Evolution）世代的速度與頻寬，已無法提供現今使用者更完善的服務。3GPP進而提出LTE-A （Long Term Evolution-Advance）技術，而LTE-A提升了上下行速率、行動裝置移動的速率與頻寬使用率以外也增加了許多新技術例如：CoMP （Coordinated multi-point operation）、RN （Relay Node）等等，來滿足現今的網路需求。

本文研究目的為，如何在高速行進中的列車裡，將行動網路使用者和基地台進行資料的傳輸，並提出一套合適的機制。利用鐵道固定性與列車頭尾車頂上架設傳輸介面/天線 （Multi-Antenna），並使用4G所新增的技術CoMP，依據CoMP的使用者回報機制回報列車之車速和方向，與CoMP的JT （Join Transmission）之技術，做精準的預測使用者資料到達的位置與基地台之間的協同傳輸，進而達到改善效能的目的。

本論文將由NS3網路模擬器來分析上述方法之效能，經由回報機制回報目前列車車速與列車行駛方向後，基地台接收到相關資訊後，進行評估封包即時性與送達時機再分配封包，並透過CoMP之技術進行基地台協同傳輸，於列車上透過多傳輸的介面/天線來增加接收傳輸資源，並達到在高速鐵路列車上通訊服務之效能。模擬結果亦證明此方法在行動網路中具有可行性。

Thanks to the development of technology and popularity of wireless Internet, all kinds of mobile devices on the market have equipped with functions from mere text transfers and transmission of voice calls to the multiple services of social networking, media streaming, and video games. With the increase of demands on mobile device service, the loading of the Internet has grown. Thus, to satisfy people’s greater needs of the Internet, it becomes the target of telecom companies compete in.
As the construction and transportation of the high-speed railway take place, the locomotion of wireless Internet users have gotten faster. In addition, as the need of wireless telecommunication increases, the speed and bandwidth of LTE （Long Term Evolution） cannot provide sufficient service to meet with current users’ demand. In light of this, 3GPP suggests the LTE-A （Long Term Evolution-Advanced） standard to enhance the bandwidth and efficiency of uplink and downlink transmissions of mobile devises and to meet the requirement of fast movement New technologies, such as CoMP （Coordinated multi-point operation）, RN （Relay Node）, and so forth are proposed to satisfy the contemporary demand of the Internet.
The thesis aims at a suitable mechanism to connect Internet users with base stations while users travel in a train moving at a high speed. Using the fixed schedule of the train, equipping transmitting antennas （Multi-Antenna） on the roof of the train cabin, applying the CoMP technology provided by 4G, and applying JT （Join Transmission） technology of CoMP, We can predict and forward data to appropriate base stations based on the current speed and direction reported from the CoMP users on the train.
This thesis will use the NS3 simulator to analyze the efficiency of the proposed approach. Through the feedback mechanism to report the speeds and directions of travelling trains, base stations will determine where to dispath real-time packet access and schedule packet transmissions. With the CoMP and multiple antennas, we will provide a method for real-time transmission with high performance on the high-speed railway trains. The simulated results of this approach have proved viability of the proposed scheme in the mobile web.

目錄
論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
論文摘要 iii
Abstract v
目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 相關背景與研究 5
2.1 LTE和LTE-A架構 5
2.2 LTE存取技術 7
2.3 換手機制（Handover）介紹 13
2.4 LTE-A多點協調傳輸 15
2.5 實體上行通道 21
2.6 高速鐵路介紹與相關研究 24
第三章 研究方法之設計 26
3.1 情境假設 27
3.2 機制流程 29
3.3 增強CSI回報機制 30
3.3.1 增加CSI格式 31
3.3.2 列車車速計算 32
3.4 列車封包路徑之預測 34
3.5 中央處理之封包排程 36
3.6 下行動態調整封包 38
3.6.1 動態調整預測基地台 38
3.6.2 預測基地台封包分配 40
3.7 補償機制 41
第四章 模擬效能與分析 42
4.1 模擬環境與參數設定 42
4.2 模擬結果與效能分析 44
第五章 結論 50
參考文獻 51

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