由於目前差別性服務網路(Differentiated Services, Diffserv) 無法針對個別資料流提供端點對端點(End-to-End)的服務品質(Quality of Services, QoS)保證。因此本篇論文中，我們提出一個具有自我調整控制機制(Self-Adaptive Control Scheme)的差別性服務網路，使得個別資料流能獲得適當的網路資源分配與服務品質，以改進目前差別性服務網路無法針對個別資料流提供服務品質保證的問題。
　　我們所提出的具有自我調整控制機制的差別性服務網路，主要是針對EF PHB的個別資料流無法獲得事先定義的最小資料傳輸率，經由「出口節點」針對資料流產出量的量測，決定進行自我調整並透過以TCP/IP封包為基礎的自我調整控制訊息(Self-Adaptive Control Messages)通知「入口節點」，由入口節點進行適當的網路資源分配，使個別資料流能獲得動態傳輸率的提升。透過新增自我調整控制機制模組的NS-2網路模擬程式，我們驗證了自我調整控制機制運作的可行性，並證實確實可以使EF資料流獲得動態傳輸率的提升。此外，針對自我調整控制機制的運作時間間隔與運作方式，我們也提出以EF佇列大小、封包到達率和EF資料傳輸率為依據來決定適當的運作時間間隔，並採用一次調整的方式以作為網管人員採用之參考。另外我們也採用Random Early Detection (RED)為EF PHB佇列架構，以解決EF個別資料流在有限網路資源情形下的不公平現象。

Differentiated-Service networks is designed for solving scalability problems through traffic aggregation. However, it can't guarantee end-to-end QoS of individual flow. In this thesis, we propose a Self-Adaptive Control Scheme for Differentiated-Service networks that can improve the throughput of individual flows dynamically. In this scheme, egress routers monitor the average throughput of individual flow, and send the Self-Adaptive Control Messages to ingress routers if need. The ingress router re-allocate network resources to improve throughput of high-priority flows depending on the Control Messages.
We use NS-2 simulator to prove that our scheme that can improve throughput of high-priority flows dynamically, and suggest that a better time interval of Self-Adaptive control can be determined based on the queue sizes, packets arrival rate and departure rate. Finally, we use Random Early Detection (RED) queue instead of Drop-Tail queue to reduce unfairness of individual flows when there are congestion and insufficient network resources.

第一章 　導論………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 研究動機…………………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 研究方向與方法…………………………………………………………… 1
1.3 章節架構…………………………………………………………………… 2

第二章　網際網路的服務品質……………………………………………………… 3
2.1 整合性服務(Integrated Service, Intserv) …………………………………… 4
2.2 差別性服務(Differentiated Service, Diffserv) ……………………………… 6
2.2.1 IPv4/IPv6上的差別性服務欄位(Diffserv Field) ………………………8
2.2.2差別性服務網路的基本架構…………………………………………11
2.2.3差別性服務網路的潛在問題…………………………………………20
2.3 相關研究……………………………………………………………………21
2.3.1動態調整的封包標記引擎(Packet-Marking Engine, PME)架構………22
2.3.2回溯式控制差別性服務網路(Feedback Controlled Diffserv)架構……23
2.3.3整合MPLS的差別性服務網路架構…………………………………24
2.3.4整合性服務網路與差別性服務網路的結合…………………………26
2.4具有優先佇列的動態傳輸率改進方法 ……………………………………30

第三章　差別性服務網路的動態傳輸率架構………………………………………31
3.1 具有自我調整機制的差別性服務網路……………………………………31
3.2 自我調整差別性服務網路架構……………………………………………34
3.3 自我調整控制訊息的格式…………………………………………………36
3.4 自我調整差別性服務邊界節點的設計……………………………………39
3.5 針對EF PHB所提出的動態傳輸率自我調整機制 ………………………40

第四章　模擬與討論…………………………………………………………………43
4.1 NS-2模擬器架構 …………………………………………………………43
4.2 支援差別性服務的NS-2模擬器 …………………………………………45
4.3 自我調整差別性服務擴充模組……………………………………………47
4.4 自我調整差別性服務的模擬網路架構……………………………………48
4.5 模擬結果……………………………………………………………………49

第五章 　結論…………………………………………………………………………69
5.1 結論…………………………………………………………………………69
5.2 未來的展望…………………………………………………………………70

參考資料 ……………………………………………………………………………73

索引 …………………………………………………………………………………76

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