以行星齒輪系為變速機構主體的自行車內變速器具有體積小、換檔作動穩定與不易受到外在環境影響等優點，故內變速器已逐漸成為各大車廠研發的重點。本文之主要目的在於發展一套設計理論，使自行車內變速器的設計系統化。首先歸納內變速器之基本特性與需求，作為內變速器設計之依據，有系統的建立內變速器的可用行星齒輪系構型目錄；其次對每一可用行星齒輪系構型進行檔位合成，確定其檔位作動表；接著依照給定之轉速比值配合檔位作動表求出齒輪系之齒數；然後進行內變速器調速系統之設計，並建立將變速機構與調速系統結合成一變速器的相關理論；最後進行新型內變速器的探討，尋求可能的新型內變速器，以利於內變速器的創新與開發。

A multi-speed drive hub is one of important components in transmission system. The purpose of this work is to develop a system methodology for the design of multi-speed bicycle drive hubs. First, identify the basic characteristics and design requirement of multi-speed drive hub. Second, using the useful gear trains. Third, a method is proposed to determine the feasible multi-speed sequence tables for each gear train. Fourth, an analytic method is formulated to synthesize the gear ratios and gear teeth according to a set of desired speed ratios. Fifth, the basic theory for transmission analysis of multi-speed drive hubs will be developed. The results of this work will be benefit to the development and design of multi-speed bicycle drive hubs.

頁次
誌謝………………………………………………………………….I
摘要………………………………………………………………….II
英文摘要………………………………………………………………….III
目錄…………………………………………………………………..IV
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………..VI
表目錄…………………………………………………………………..X
第一章 前言……………………………………………………………1
1.1 文獻回顧……………………………………………………….1
1.2 研究目的……………………………………………………….5
第二章 設計程序………………………………………………………8
2.1 自行車內變速器之特性與需求……………………………….8
2.2 系統化設計程序……………………………………………12
第三章 變速機構之設計……………………………………………..14
3.1 行星齒輪系目錄……………………………………………...14
3.2 轉速比分析…………………………………………………...24
3.3 檔位合成……………………………………………………...27
3.4 齒數設計……………………………………………………...37
第四章 調速系統之設計……………………………………………..41
4.1 調速系統……………………………………………………...41
4.2 調速元件之設計……………………………………………...44
4.3 調速系統之可行解…………………………………………...54
第五章 內變速器之系統設計…………………………………...…...67
5.1 自行車之功能構造…………………………………………...67
5.2 內變速器之具體化設計……………………………………...74
第六章 創新之內變速器……………………………………………..85
6.1 現有專利之分析……………………………………………...85
6.2 新型內變速器………………………………………………...92
第七章 結論與建議………………………………………………...94
參考文獻…………………………………………………………96
自述…………………………………………………………………....101
著作權聲明…………………………………………………………....102



圖 目 錄
頁次
圖2.1 自行車內變速器之系統化設計流程…..…………………….13
圖3.1 含四個共軸構件之非循環圖畫………..…………………….15
圖3.2 含五個共軸構件之非循環圖畫………..…………………….15
圖3.3 七點可用行星齒輪系圖畫之合成過程……………………...17
圖3.4 含四個共軸構件之六點與七點行星齒輪系圖畫…………...18
圖3.5 含五個共軸構件之七點行星齒輪系圖畫…………..…….....18
圖3.6 自行車五速內變速器之行星齒輪系構型圖畫..…….............19
圖3.7 自行車五速內變速器之行星齒輪系圖集…………….…......20
圖3.8 自行車五速內變速器之可用行星齒輪系圖集……………...21
圖3.9 單一行星臂與多行星臂之五速可用行星齒輪系圖集……...21
圖3.10 自行車七速內變速器之可用行星齒輪系圖集……..……….22
圖3.11 單一行星臂與多行星臂之五速可用行星齒輪系圖集……...22
圖3.12 自行車九速內變速器之可用行星齒輪系圖集………...…....23
圖3.13 單一行星臂與多行星臂之五速可用行星齒輪系圖集….......23
圖3.14 編號7501-1之可用行星齒輪系………………………....…..24
圖3.15 編號7501-1內變速器之可能構型……………………….….33
圖3.16 編號7501-1檔位合成結果…………………………………..33
圖3.17 編號7501-1檔位合成結果(a)…………….……………..…..34
圖3.18 編號8601-1檔位合成結果(a)……………………………......34
圖3.19 編號6401-1檔位合成結果…………………………...….......35
圖3.20 編號7401-1檔位合成結果………………………………......35
圖3.21 編號7501-1檔位合成結果(b)與(e)…………………....….....35
圖3.22 編號7501-2檔位合成結果………………………………......35
圖3.23 編號8501-2檔位合成結果…………………………………..35
圖3.24 編號8601-1檔位合成結果(c)與(d)……….……………..…..36
圖3.25 編號8601-2檔位合成結果………………………………......36
圖3.26 編號9601-7檔位合成結果………………………………......36
圖3.27 編號9602-3檔位合成結果…………………………………..36
圖3.28 編號7501-1檔位合成結果(c)與(d)……….……………..…..36
圖3.29 編號8601-1檔位合成結果(b)與(e)…………………….........36
圖3.30 圖3.16(c)之行星齒輪系與其檔位作動表……………….......37
圖3.31 編號6401-1齒數設計結果……………………………....…..39
圖3.32 編號7401-1齒數設計結果……………………………….….39
圖3.33 編號7501-1齒數設計結果…………………………………..39
圖3.34 編號7501-2齒數設計結果……………….……………..…...39
圖3.35 編號8501-2齒數設計結果………………………………......40
圖3.36 編號8601-1齒數設計結果…………………………...….......40
圖3.37 編號8601-2齒數設計結果………………………………......40
圖3.38 編號9601-7齒數設計結果…………………………....…......40
圖3.39 編號9602-3齒數設計結果………………………………......40
圖4.1 平移式調速桿控制式…………………………………...……42
圖4.2 旋轉式調速桿控制式……………………………………...…42
圖4.3 平移－平移混合式調速桿控制式…………………...………42
圖4.4 調速系統之系統組成圖……………………………………...44
圖4.5 調速桿平移控制式(a)：調速滑塊帶動調速環……………....46
圖4.6 調速桿平移控制式(b)：調速套筒帶動調速環……..………..46
圖4.7 調速桿平移控制式(c)：調速套筒帶動棘爪………………....47
圖4.8 調速桿旋轉控制式(a)：調速滑塊帶動調速環..……………..47
圖4.9 調速桿旋轉控制式(b)：調速滑塊帶動棘爪..………………..48
圖4.10 齒輪式制動器(a)：調速滑塊平移…………………………....49
圖4.11 齒輪式制動器(b)：調速套筒平移……………………...…….49
圖4.12 棘輪式制動器(a)內頂棘爪；(b)外壓棘爪…………………....50
圖4.13 太陽齒輪制動控制元件：與輸入桿變換控制元件結合….....51
圖4.14 調速桿平移控制式(a)：調速滑塊帶動調速環……………....51
圖4.15 調速桿平移控制式(b)：調速套筒帶動調速環……...…..…...52
圖4.16 調速桿平移控制式(c)：調速套筒帶動棘爪………………....52
圖4.17 調速桿旋轉控制式(a)：調速滑塊帶動調速環……………....53
圖4.18 調速桿旋轉控制式(b)：調速滑塊帶動棘爪………...…..…...53
圖4.19 輸出桿變換控制元件：與輸入桿變換控制元件結合…….....54
圖4.20 需刪除的組合解之一(a)調速桿組合解；(b)調速桿……........56
圖4.21 調速系統組合解：平移式調速桿………………………….....64
圖4.22 調速系統組合解：旋轉式調速桿…………………...…..…....64
圖4.23 調速系統組合解：平移－平移式調速桿………………….....65
圖4.24 調速系統組合解：平移－旋轉式調速桿……………….........66
圖4.25 調速系統組合解：旋轉－平移式調速桿……………….........66
圖5.1 自行車之主要零部件……………………………………...…68
圖5.2 自行車之系統組成圖…………………………………...……69
圖5.3 內變速器與車架之相對位置圖……………….………..……70
圖5.4 非鏈條傳動…………………………………….………..……71
圖5.5 平移式變速裝置……………………………….………..……72
圖5.6 槓桿式平移控制裝置………………………….………..……72
圖5.7 旋轉式變速裝置……………………………….………..……72
圖5.8 Shimano AUTO-D產品裝配示意圖………….………..……73
圖5.9 內變速器輪轂凸緣……………………………………...……73
圖5.10 變速機構7501-1檔位合成結果(c)…………………….…….74
圖5.11 編號16的平移式調速桿……………………………………..74
圖5.12 編號54的旋轉式調速桿…………………………….…….....74
圖5.13 編號7的旋轉－平移式調速桿………………………............75
圖5.14 配置正確的輸入桿之棘爪棘輪式離合器………….……..…75
圖5.15 配置正確的輸出桿之棘爪棘輪式離合器……….…………..76
圖5.16 調速桿設計……………………………….…………………..77
圖5.17 調速滑塊於各檔位時的位置…………….…………………..77
圖5.18 調速環與桿件嚙合之設計(a)輸入端；(b)輸出端….………...77
圖5.19 (a)制動齒與太陽齒輪配置方式；(b)剖面圖……….………...77
圖5.20 變速機構與編號16的平移式調速桿之具體化結果.……….78
圖5.21 調速套筒之調速孔與導槽軌跡設計………………….……..79
圖5.22 固定主軸的軸向凹槽………………………………………...79
圖5.23 調速滑塊與棘爪斜面之設計……………………….……......79
圖5.24 棘爪與調速孔外型之設計…………………………...............80
圖5.25 編號54的旋轉式調速桿之具體化結果………….…….....…80
圖5.26 變速機構與編號54的旋轉式調速桿之具體化結果………..81
圖5.27 調速套筒之調速孔與導槽軌跡設計及溝槽設計…………...81
圖5.28 輸入端調速環與桿件嚙合之設計…………….………..........82
圖5.29 輸出端調速環與桿件嚙合之設計……………….………......82
圖5.30 變速機構與編號7旋轉－平移式調速桿之具體化結果…....82
圖5.31 變速機構6401-1與編號26調速系統之具體化結果……….83
圖5.32 變速機構7501-1(a)與編號20調速系統之具體化結果…….83
圖5.33 變速機構7501-1(b)與編號9調速系統之具體化結果…….83
圖5.34 變速機構7501-1(b)與編號14調速系統之具體化結果…….83
圖5.35 變速機構7501-2與編號20調速系統之具體化結果……….84
圖5.36 變速機構7501-2與編號47調速系統之具體化結果……….84
圖5.37 變速機構8501-2與編號1調速系統之具體化結果………...84
圖5.38 變速機構8601-1(a)與編號47調速系統之具體化結果….....84
圖6.1 美國專利US3886811之五速內變速器……………………...85
圖6.2 圖6.1變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………….86
圖6.3 美國專利US4651853之五速內變速器……………………...86
圖6.4 圖6.3變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表…………….....86
圖6.5 美國專利US4721013之五速內變速器……………………...87
圖6.6 圖6.5變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………….87
圖6.7 美國專利US5078664之五速內變速器……………………...88
圖6.8 圖6.7變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………….88
圖6.9 美國專利US5399128之七速內變速器……………………...88
圖6.10 圖6.9變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………….89
圖6.11 美國專利US5855530之五速內變速器……………………...89
圖6.12 圖6.11變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………...89
圖6.13 美國專利US6039671之五速內變速器……………………...90
圖6.14 圖6.13變速機構之機構簡圖與其檔位作動表……………...90
圖6.15 調速系統解編號22搭配變速機構編號7501-1之實體圖.....93
圖6.16 調速系統解編號26搭配變速機構編號6401-1之實體圖….93



表 目 錄
頁次
表2.1 自行車內變速器之轉速比設計規格……………………….....9
表2.2 內變速機構之設計規格表…………………………………...11
表3.1 以太陽齒輪2為固定桿之檔位及轉速比計算式………..…..26
表3.2 以太陽齒輪3為固定桿之檔位及轉速比計算式………..…..27
表3.3 五速內變速器之可用檔位安排……………………………...23
表4.1 調速系統之型態學圖表………………………………….…..55
表4.2 調速系統之55種可行組合解…………………………….…58
表5.1 變速機構各檔位輸入桿與輸出桿件的轉速…………..…….75
表6.1 現有專利與內變速器合成結果之比對……………………...85

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