在自動化控制這個議題之中，以微控器的應用系統來進行監控的方式乃是相當普遍、且使用的比例仍在日益增加。它可以支援複雜的排程，與精確的時間、位置控制。但在控制程式的設計與維護上，需要相當的時間與專業程度。可編程控制器是一種具有CPU、資料記憶體、數位及類比輸出輸入單元、及電源模組的數位邏輯控制器，目前被廣泛的應用於工業控制領域。相對於以微控器為起點的控制系統開發方式來說，以可編程控制器為開發起點方式的優勢在於擁有已完成的基礎系統、與簡單的編程方式。然而價格昂貴、訊號處理速度慢、與裝置功能封閉限制等因素，乃是其最大的缺憾。本論文提出一套以微控器為基礎來建構的自動化控制器開發環境。我們將微控器的裝置以物件導向概念的規則來分類，並於使用介面建立其設定與存取的窗口。再加上使用者可自訂的工作模組工具，建立一個類似可編程控制器的基礎系統。接著以簡單的事件表編輯方式進行編程，並採用循序多工的架構建構一個作業程序。我們的研究成果，使得可編程控制器得以建立於微控器價格低廉、選擇多樣、體積小巧、與充分的裝置使用彈性的優點之上。換句話說亦是讓微控器應用系統的建構能分工合作、程序編寫更為簡單容易。使產品的研發變得更為經濟、快速、在搶占市場的競爭上更有優勢。未來我們期望這種自動化控制器發展工具，能自動建立起更聰明的系統。例如配合多執行緒、多核心的微控器發展技術，自動分析建立Instruction trace、並且調節負載平衡。或者融合圖形化的編程方式，讓使用者在編程上，更佳簡易直觀。

In the field of automatic control, using a microprocessor application system to monitor and control an automatic system is quite common and its usage rate are still increasing. Microprocessor can support complex processes scheduling, and accurately control on time and position. However, even a highly professional programmer still needs a lot of time to maintain the control programs running on this kind of control system. The advent of the programmable logic controller (PLC), which consists of CPU, data memory, digital and analog I/O port, and power module provides an alternative for designing an automatic system. It’s used in the field of industrial control widely. Compared to the microprocessor-based control systems, the PLC-based control systems have the advantage of providing a development environment for easily programming and maintaining. However, the high cost, poor signal processing ability, and the restriction on the function of device are the major drawbacks of PLC. To solve the problems described above, this paper taking the advantages from the PLC-based microprocessor-based control systems proposes a PLC-like development environment for creating a microprocessor- based control system. To accomplish this goal, according to the object- oriented concept, this paper classified the device in a microprocessor into four categories, GPIO, ADC, Timer and Serial-com. And also provides an interface window for users to set and access device register. In addition, this paper provides a set of user customizable task module tools to easily establish a PLC-like based system. Then system developers can write a program via a simple event-table-driven way, and build up the operating procedures according to the approach of sequential multitasking. Our research result make the building of microprocessor-based system can be clearly divided in to three stages, microprocessor manufacturer, advance user, and generally user which not only makes the development of product easier and faster but also meets the time-to-market demands. In the future, some advanced technologies can be added into this automatic controller development tools to make it smarter and more automatic. For example, the environment can support the developed technology for multi-thread and multi-core microprocessor to analysis and establish Instruction trace, and adjust the load balancing automatically. Or it can integrate the graphical programming allows users to program simpler and more intuitive.

誌謝 I
中文摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
目 錄 V
圖 次 VIII
表 次 XI
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 論文架構 2
第二章 相關研究 3
2.1 可編程控制器 3
2.1.1 PLC分類與特點 7
2.1.2 PLC編程方式 10
2.1.3 PLC的發展方向 20
2.2 理論基礎 27
2.2.1 循序多工概念 27
2.2.2 物件導向概念 28
2.2.3 事件驅動概念 30
2.3 事件表驅動 32
2.3.1 循序觸發型事件模型動作流程 35
2.3.2 持續觸發型事件模型動作流程 36
2.3.3 單次觸發型事件模型動作流程 38
2.3.4 事件模型的組合 40
2.4 MCU裝置管理描述 44
2.4.1 通用型輸出入埠GPIO： 45
2.4.2 類比數位轉換器ADC 46
2.4.3 計時器Timer 47
2.4.4 串列通訊埠Serial-Com 48
第三章 事件表驅動之微控器控制程式產生器 49
3.1 系統架構與實現 49
3.1.1 資料庫的建構 51
3.1.2 人機介面設計 53
3.2 各使用者層級觀點 58
3.2.1 微控器製造廠商 59
3.2.2 進階使用者 60
3.2.3 一般使用者 61
第四章 控制程式產生器操作實例 63
4.1 一次開發階段 64
4.1.1 建立MCU資料庫1 64
4.1.2 建立MCU資料庫2 66
4.1.3 選擇MCU與設定內部裝置 67
4.1.4 建立補充功能函式 70
4.1.5 建立工作模組資源 71
4.1.6 建立資料窗口 77
4.2 二次開發階段 80
4.2.1 設計目標工作狀態轉移機制 81
4.2.2 填寫事件表並產生程式 82
第五章 結論 85
參考文獻 87

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