外力振動產生的振源頻率接近物體的自然頻率時，則該物體會產生共振而造成結構損壞；本研究的目的即為找出微型質子交換膜燃料電池的自然頻率，確立出燃料電池可接受的振源頻率。本研究使用套裝軟體ANSYS/Workbench進行微型質子交換膜燃料電池3-D有限元素法模擬，進行燃料電池的振動問題研究；並且以頻譜分析儀和衝擊錘作接觸式自然頻率量測實驗，以驗證有限元素模擬可靠度。
本研究主要分三部分來討論，第一部分，討論三種不同拘束方式對燃料電池自然頻率與模態之影響，發現三種拘束方式之第一頻率與自由無拘束相比，下降約60%，第二頻率下降約67%。第二部分是對燃料電池各元件之楊氏係數和密度變異之影響作探討，模擬結果顯示當外層端板之楊氏係數與密度分別發生±15%之變異時，各自然頻率分別會有±5~7%與∓4~6%之變化，其餘元件之楊氏係數與密度變異影響極小。最後一部分為分析3-D燃料電池堆模型，發現在無拘束條件下，兩層以上的燃料電池堆其自然頻率隨層數增加而遞減。

Objects resonate and cause structural damage when the frequencies of forced vibrations are similar to the natural frequency of the object. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the natural frequency of micro-proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (micro PEMFCs) to establish an acceptable vibration source frequency in fuel cells. In this study, ANSYS Workbench software was used for simulating micro PEMFCs, using the 3D finite-element method, to examine vibrations in fuel cells. A spectrum analyzer and impulse hammer were used to verify the reliability of the natural frequency measurements in the finite-element simulations.
This paper presents three discussions. First, three boundary conditions of natural frequencies and the modal effects of fuel cells were evaluated. The results showed that the first and the second frequencies of the three boundary conditions were reduced by 60% and 67%, respectively, compared with the free boundary condition. Second, the Young modulus and density effects of various components of the fuel cell were considered. The simulation results showed that the Young modulus and density of the outer end plate was ±15%, causing the natural frequencies to be ±5%–7% and ∓4%–6% of the variation, and the remaining component’s Young modulus and density variations effects were extremely small. Finally, a 3D model of the fuel cell stack showed that for two or more fuel cell stacks, the natural frequency decreases when the number of layers increases at the free boundary.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘 要 iii
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第 一 章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 燃料電池的分類 2
1.3 研究動機與目標 4
1.4 文獻回顧 4
1.4. 1燃料電池分析 4
1.4. 2振動模擬分析 7
1.4. 3振動實驗分析 8
1. 1 全文架構 9
第 二 章 基礎理論 19
2. 1基本振動原理 19
2. 2有限元素法 22
2. 3 ANSYS-Workbentch介紹 24
第 三 章 模擬與驗證 30
3. 1 PEMFC模型建立 30
3.1. 1元素與網格 31
3.1. 2各層關係與剛性影響 32
3. 2模擬之相關設定 32
3.2. 1假設條件 33
3.2. 2層內部黏合與摩擦比較 33
3.2. 3螺栓預應力 35
3.2. 4拘束方式 36
3. 3實驗方法與驗證 36
3.3. 1實驗設備 37
3.3. 2實驗步驟 37
3.3. 3模擬驗證 38
第 四 章 結果與討論 56
4. 1 拘束方式 56
4. 2 單顆燃料電池的材料參數變異之影響 59
4.2. 1楊氏係數變異之影響 59
4.2. 2密度變異之影響 60
4. 3單顆燃料電池與電池堆於自然頻率和振動模態之比較 61
第 五 章 94
5. 1 結論 94
5. 2 未來展望 94
參考文獻 96

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