巨量多輸入多輸出系統提供了較高的空間自由度，使得小尺度衰減的影響減少進而大大地減化設計的難度。然而，使用大量的天線所需的射頻鏈結數量也相對可觀。為了減少使用大量射頻鏈結所造成的負擔，發展了空間調變，其原理為在傳送時傳送端一次只啟動一根天線，傳送資訊由傳統的調變符號與啟動天線的編號組成，藉此達到較高的頻譜使用效率。然而空間調變多輸入多輸出系統在實際情況下，會受到實際系統因素影響，如：傳送天線損害、不完美類比數位轉換器、通道估測誤差等，會嚴重地限制接收機的效能。在本篇論文裡，我們研究了上行連結空間調變巨量多輸入多輸出系統在存在射頻硬體損害與不完美通道估測的情況下的接收機設計。為了降低基地台檢測器的運算複雜度，我們使用了概似訊息傳遞演算法來實行低複雜度的最大事後機率檢測器。模擬結果驗證了我們提出的設計可以有效地抑制射頻硬體損害與通道估測誤差的影響。

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems provide large spatial degrees of freedom such that the influence caused by small-scale fading is diminished, greatly simplifying the design. However, large number of antennas needs a remarkable radio frequency (RF) chains. To mitigate the burden of using vast RF chains, spatial modulation (SM) is developed to active one antenna in each transmission time, and the information is conveyed through the conventional modulation symbol and the index of the active antenna, achieving a higher spectral efficiency. However, the SM-MIMO systems may practically suffer from imperfect factors such as the transmit-RF (Tx-RF) impairments, imperfect A/D or D/A components, and channel estimation errors, which greatly limits the performance of the receivers. In this paper, we study the receiver design for the uplink SM massive MIMO systems in the presence of RF impairments and imperfect channel estimation. To alleviate the computational complexity of detector at the base station, we apply the approximate massage passing (AMP) algorithm for implementing the low-complexity MAP detector. Numeral results show that the proposed design can effectively suppress the influence of RF-impairments and the channel estimation error.

論文審定書…………………………………………………….……..i
中文摘要……………………….……………………………..……...ii
英文摘要……………………………………………………….….....iii
目錄………………………………………………………………......iv
圖次…………………………………………………………….……..v
第1章 導論……………………………………….…………….……..1
第2章 訊息傳遞演算法簡介…………………….……………..…....6
第2.1節 簡介………………………………….………...……..……6
　第2.2節 因子圖……...………………………………………..……6
第2.3節 信號估測與最佳化………………….………………..……9
第3章 多使用者多輸入多輸出巨量天線架構模型…………………12
第3.1節 傳送端非理想硬體架構上鏈接收模型………………….12
第3.2節 不完美通道誤差模型…………………………………….14
第3.4節 MAP接收機………………..…………………………….15
第4章 訊息傳遞MAP接收機.…………………………….......……18
第4.1節 近似訊息傳遞和積演算法……………………………….18
第4.2節 LAMA-I演算法…………………………………………….21
第5章 系統模擬及探討………………………………………………23
第6章 結論與未來展望………………………………………………29
參考文獻………………………………………………………………30

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