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博碩士論文 etd-0728106-122233 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0728106-122233
論文名稱
Title
摻雜有改質多層奈米碳管的非全共軛捲曲式高分子之發白光二極體
White Light Emitting Diodes of Non-fully Conjugated Coil-like Polymer Doped with Derivatized Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
69
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2006-07-20
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2006-07-28
關鍵字
Keywords
非全共軛捲曲式均質高分子、現場聚合反應、多層奈米碳管、光致光、高分子發光二極體、電致光
Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes, Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence, In-situ Polymerization, Polymer Light Emitting Diodes, Non-fully Conjugated Homopolymer
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
本研究以化學合成了一系列非全共軛捲曲式雜環芳香族均質高分子(6F-PBO-CnOTpA;n = 10,15,20)應用於發光二極體的製作與研究,並驗證了非全共軛的高分子也具有螢光效應。
非全共軛捲曲式雜環芳香族均質高分子結合了雙(3-胺-4-羏)六氟丙烷(2,2-bis-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexafluoropropane)與2,5-二烷氧基苯鄰二酸(2,5-dialkyloxyterephthalic acid,簡稱CnOTpA;n = 10,15,20)經由化學鍵結可合成非全共軛捲曲式均質高分子(6F-PBO-CnOTpA)。另外多層奈米碳管(MWNT)經酸化反應,接上COOH官能基,來減少酸化多層奈米碳管(MWNT-COOH)之長寬比(aspect ratio)以減少因熵(entropy)造成聚結的現象。酸化後之多層奈米碳管使用元素分析(elemental analysis)、黏度量測等方法驗證奈米碳管經酸化反應時間的不同而有所改變。元素分析中之氧元素比例隨著酸化時間增長而增加,碳氫元素比例則隨著時間增長而減少。在黏度量測方面,固有黏度(ηinh)隨著酸化時間增長而降低,顯示了多層奈米碳管(MWNT)分子長寬比的下降。
在多層發光二極體應用方面,應用了PEDOT:PSS為電洞傳導層(HTL),所製作的高分子發光二極體其發光起始電壓(threshold voltage)大約在4V。而在合成6F-PBO-CnOTpA時,摻雜酸化多層奈米碳管(MWNT-COOH)並進行現場(in- situ)縮合反應以取得高分子複合材料製作成高分子發光二極體,其起始電壓亦接近4V。含及不含酸化後多層奈米碳管(MWNT-COOH)的兩系列發光二極體發光波長範圍皆在400 nm到750 nm之間。
Abstract
Luminescent emission of non-fully conjugated homopolymers was successfully demonstrated as light emitting diodes (LEDs) in this research. Coil-like heterocyclic aromatic poly[2,2-(2,5-dialkyloxyphenylene)-4-4’-hexafluoroisopropanebibenzoxazo- les] (6F-PBO-CnOTpA, with n = 10, 15, and 20) was synthesized, and polymer composites of 6F-PBO-CnOTpA was in-situ synthesized with acidified multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT- COOH).
The non-fully conjugated coil-like heterocyclic aromatic homopolymer was synthesized by reacting 2,2,bis-(3-amino-4-hydroxy[henyl]-hexafluoropropane with 2,5-dialkyloxyterephthalic acid (CnOTpA) for 6F-PBO-CnOTpA, with n = 10, 15, and 20. In addition, MWNT was acidified for connecting the carboxylic group (-COOH) to reduce its aspect ratio and entropy induced aggregation. MWNT-COOH was analyzed using elemental analysis (EA) and viscometry to validate the effects of acidification period. The EA result seemed to suggest that the oxygen content increased, and the carbon and the hydrogen contents decreased with acidification period. The inherent viscosity (ηinh) decreased according to acidification period suggesting that the aspect ratio was indeed decreased.
A hole transport layer of PEDOT:PSS was applied for multi-layer LEDs,. The LEDs all showed a threshold voltage about 4 V also for the composites of 6F-PBO-CnOTpA in-situ polymerized with MWNT-COOH. The 6F-PBO-CnOTpA LEDs with and without MWNT-COOH showed an electroluminescence emission range of 400 to 750 nm.
目次 Table of Contents
目 錄 I
流程目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 前言 1
1.1 有機發光二極體之發展 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 分子發光二極體之結構 3
1.3.1 單層結構(Single Layer) 3
1.3.2 多層結構(Multi-Layer) 4
1.4 電極選擇 6
1.4.1 陽極(Anode) 6
1.4.2 陰極(Cathode) 6
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 能帶理論(Energy Band Theory) 7
2.2 工作函數(Work Function,ψ) 8
2.3 螢光理論(Luminescence Theory) 9
第三章 實驗 12
3.1 單體合成之起始物 12
3.2 聚合溶液製備 13
3.2.1 甲基磺酸(Methanesulfonic Acid,簡稱MSA)的純化 13
3.2.2 五氧化二磷-甲基磺酸(Phosphorus Pentoxide-Methanesulfonic Acid,簡稱PPMA)的配製 14
3.3 PEDOT:PSS電洞傳輸層(HTL)材料 15
3.4 化學分析與實驗設備操作原理 15
3.4.1 核磁共振儀(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,簡稱NMR) 16
3.4.2 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(Fourier Transform Infrared,簡稱FTIR) 16
3.4.3 元素分析儀(Elemental Analyzer,簡稱EA) 17
3.4.4 黏度量測(Viscosity Measurment) 17
3.4.5 熱重分析(Thermogravimetric Analysis,簡稱TGA) 18
3.4.6 微差掃描熱卡儀(Differential Scanning Calorimetry,簡稱 DSC) 19
3.4.7 旋轉塗佈機(Spin Coater) 20
3.4.8 真空熱蒸鍍機(Vacuum Thermal Evaporator) 20
3.4.9 紫外光-可見光吸收光譜(UV-Vis Absorption Spectrum) 21
3.4.10 光致光(Photoluminescence,簡稱PL)光譜 22
3.4.11 電性量測:Keithley® 2400之應用 24
3.4.12 電致光(Electroluminescence,簡稱EL)光譜 25
3.4.13 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscopy,簡稱 SEM) 26
3.5 單體2,5-Dialkyloxyterephthalic acid(簡寫成CnOTpA)的合成反應 27
3.6 非全共軛捲曲式均質高分子聚合反應 28
3.7 多層奈米碳管酸化反應 29
3.8 CnOTpA與BAHH加入酸化後之多層奈米碳管聚合反應 30
3.9 高分子發光二極體元件製備(PLED Device Fabrication) 31
3.9.1 高分子溶液配製 31
3.9.2 氧化銦錫(Indium Tin Oxide,簡稱ITO)玻璃基材清洗方式 31
3.9.3 薄膜製程(Thin Film Fabrication) 32
3.9.4 熱蒸鍍金屬陰極 33
第四章 實驗結果與討論 – 單體與高分子之合成與分析 34
4.1 合成非全共軛捲曲式高分子 34
4.2 2,5-Didecyloxyterephthalic acid(簡稱C10OTpA)之分析 34
4.2.1 核磁共振儀圖譜(1H-NMR Spectra) 34
4.2.2 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 35
4.2.3 元素分析(EA) 36
4.3 2,5-Dipentadecyloxyterephthalic acid(簡稱C15OTpA)之分析 36
4.3.1 核磁共振儀圖譜(1H-NMR Spectra) 36
4.3.2 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 37
4.3.3 元素分析(EA) 38
4.4 2,5-Dieicosyloxyterephthalic acid(簡稱C20OTpA)之分析 38
4.4.1 核磁共振儀圖譜(1H-NMR Spectra) 38
4.4.2 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 39
4.4.3 元素分析(EA) 40
4.5 單體之熱重分析(TGA) 40
4.6 單體之微差掃描熱卡儀(DSC) 41
4.7 多層奈米碳管之元素分析(EA) 43
4.8 多層奈米碳管之黏度量測 44
4.9 Poly[2,2-(2,5-Didecyloxyphenylene)4-4’-hexafluoroisopropanebibenz- oxazoles](簡稱6F-PBO-C10OTpA)之分析 46
4.9.1 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 46
4.10 Poly[2,2-(2,5-Dipentadecyloxyphenylene)4-4’-hexafluoroisopropanebi- benzoxazoles](簡稱6F-PBO-C15OTpA)之分析 47
4.10.1 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 47
4.11 Poly[2,2-(2,5-Dieicosyloxyphenylene)4-4’-hexafluoroisopropanebibenz- oxazoles](簡稱6F-PBO-C20OTpA)之分析 48
4.11.1 紅外光吸收光譜(FTIR Absorption Spectrum) 48
第五章 實驗結果與討論 – 非全共軛均質高分子發光二極體 49
5.1 材料合成 49
5.2 發光二極體製程 50
5.2.1 溶液配置 50
5.2.2 高分子薄膜製程 50
5.2.3 高分子發光二極體製作 50
5.3 實驗結果 50
5.3.1 溶液紫外光-可見光吸收光譜(UV-Vis Absorption Spectrum) 50
5.3.2 光致光(Photoluminescence,簡稱PL)光譜 53
5.3.3 發光二極體電流-電壓曲線(I-V curve) 56
5.3.4 電致光(Electroluminescence,簡稱EL)光譜 60
5.3.5 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM) 64
第六章 結論 66
參考文獻 68
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