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博碩士論文 etd-0729108-013717 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0729108-013717
論文名稱
Title
WiMAX網路上應用快速回饋及壅塞控制傳送即時串流
Fast Feedback and Buffer Congestion Control Improvement for Real-Time Streaming over WiMAX Networks
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
60
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2008-07-15
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2008-07-29
關鍵字
Keywords
none
Real-Time streaming, MAC, Buffer Congestion Control Improvement, PHY, Generic MAC header, CTT, Fast Feedback, QoS, WiMAX, Hybrid ARQ
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5739 times, has been downloaded 14 times.
中文摘要
none
Abstract
Wireless broadband technologies provide ubiquitous broadband access to wireless users, enabling services that were available only to wireline users. At the same time, with the steady growth of real-time streaming applications such as video on demand (VoD), voice over IP (VoIP), massive online gaming, and so forth, the IEEE 802.16 standard (commonly known as WiMAX) has emerged as one of the strongest contenders to provide such kind of broadband wireless access services. WiMAX has specified some advanced lard features at physical (PHY) layer techniques and media access control (MAC) layer protocols, which adopted many Quality of Service (QoS) scheduling algorithms, resource allocation, Hybrid ARQ and so on. Moreover, forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) techniques have already specified in the standard and they are used to support real-time streaming services in all kind of channel conditions.
Inside this thesis, we propose an efficient fast feedback algorithm and buffer congestion control improvement scheme for data streaming over WiMAX networks. Two reserved bits in Generic MAC header (GMH) of each MPDU in WiMAX systems are utilized. The first reserved bit is used as a trigger in fast feedback strategy to add more robust coding and choose better feedback channel when the feedback message does not arrive properly within its cycle time trip (CTT) or after timeout. The second reserved bit is used to inform the base station about the serving subscriber stations’ buffers states when their buffers are above the predefine-threshold value.
Increasing number of retrieval of the feedback message, which means we can increase restore-bit-error probabilities within each frame, and then the throughput performance shall increase as well. In addition, by having each subscriber stations or service station’s buffer states knowledge, the BS will be able to provide extra bandwidth allocation to the SSs more efficiency and accuracy.

Keywords: WiMAX, PHY, MAC, Hybrid ARQ, QoS, Generic MAC header, CTT, Fast Feedback, Buffer Congestion Control Improvement, Real-Time streaming.
目次 Table of Contents
Index
Acknowledgements...............................................................................................................i
Abstruct.........................................................................................................................................ii
Content..........................................................................................................................................iii
List of Figures...........................................................................................................................v
List of Tables............................................................................................................................vi
Chapter 1 Introduction...………….........….......................……...............…………..…...1
1.1 Foreword………………………………………………………………….……1
1.2 Research motivation………………….........................................................2
1.3 Research Methods………………………………….………….………...….3
1.4 Thesis Organization………………………………………....……….….....4

Chapter 2 Development Background and Related Researches.…......5
2.1 Development Background……………………………………...………...5
2.1.1 Overview of IEEE 802.16 Standards…………………….……...…...5
2.1.2 WiMAX Features…………………………………………………...…...9
2.1.2.1 Physical Layer……………………....………………..……...….9
2.1.2.2 MAC Layer……..…………………………………..……….....18 2.1.2.3 Traffic Types Scheduling and QoS………….......……….....22
2.2 Related Researches………………………………………………….……..26

Chapter 3 Fast Feedback and Buffer Congestion Control
Improvement Scheme …...……………………...…………….……….30
3.1 Current Research……………………………………………....…………...30
3.2 Challenges to the current method………...…………………………..32
3.2.1 Acknowledgements Loss………………………………………..….....33
3.2.1.1 How they affect to the current method……………….....…......33
3.2.1.2 How we solve it (Fast Feedback Scheme)….………..……......36
3.2.2 Buffer Congestion…………………………………………………….......40
3.2.2.1 How they affect to the current method……..…….……..……..40
3.2.2.2 How we solve it (Buffer Congestion Control
Improvement Scheme)…………………………………...42

Chapter 4 Simulations and Analysis…………….………………...……………..45
4.1 Simulation Environment, Tools and Parameters………….....…..45
4.2 Simulation Results and Analysis………………….………………47

Chapter 5 Conclusion…….……………………………………..………….……………51
Reference……………………………………………………………………………......……..52



List of Figures:
Figure 1. Possible scenarios for the deployment of WiMAX ..........................................................6
Figure 2. Sample of Up-Link OFDMA Symbol..............................................................................12
Figure 3. FDD and TDD Framing...................................................................................................12
Figure 4. Adaptive Modulation and Coding....................................................................................13
Figure 5. A sample TDD frame structure for mobile WiMAX.......................................................17
Figure 6. The logical architecture of IEEE 802.16..........................................................................19
Figure 7. MSDU Format..................................................................................................................20
Figure 8. MPDU Format..................................................................................................................20
Figure 9. Generic MAC header format............................................................................................21
Figure 10. (a) Multiple MSDUs form a MPDU; (b) Single MSDU forms MPDUs.......................22
Figure 11. Bandwidth Request Contention Slots.............................................................................25
Figure 12. Format of generic MAC header for MPDU ..................................................................32
Figure 13. Arrival of Acknowledgement (ACK) or feedback.........................................................34
Figure 14. ARQ-enabled and non-ARQ-enabled data format.........................................................36
Figure 15. Packing process of ARQ-enabled and non-ARQ-enabled.............................................36
Figure 16. Fast Feedback within a Cycle Time Trip or Timeout.....................................................38
Figure 17. The flag is set to 1 to inform the BS when the ACK dose not arrival within its CTT
or Timeout......................................................................................................................39
Figure 18. Fast Feedback Algorithm...............................................................................................39
Figure 19. Lacking in buffer state knowledge.................................................................................41
Figure 20. The Flag is set to 1 when the buffer loading is over the pre-defined threshold.
pre-defined threshold…………………………………………………………………..42
Figure 21. The BS checks which SS should be given high care priority.........................................43
Figure 22. Two reserved bits value is all set to one…………………………………………….....44
Figure 23. WiMAX Simulation Environment…………………………………………………….45
Figure 24. Problem Description of MPDU frame……………………………………………….47
Figure 25. Problem Description of ACK Feedback message……………………………………..47
Figure 26. Goodput with 100% retrieval ACK feedback message…..……………………………47
Figure 27. ACK restore probability of normal robust coding and more robust coding with adapting feedback channel…………………………………………………………….48
Figure 28. Goodput in Fast Feedback Scheme and Original Feedback Scheme……………….…49
Figure 29. Goodput in buffer congestion control improvement scheme and original Procedure...50

List of Tables:
Table 1. Important Dates in the development of Broadband Wireless ………………………………7
Table 2. IEEE 802.16 Standards .........................................................................................................8
Table 3. Physical Layer summary ......................................................................................................10
Table 4. Modulation and Coding Schemes for IEEE 802.16-2004…………………………...…….14
Table 5. Modulation and Coding Schemes for IEEE 802.16d............................................................14
Table 6. Modulation and Coding Schemes for IEEE 802.16e OFDMA……………………………14
Table 7. WiMAX Applications and Quality of Service......................................................................25
Table 8. Feedback possibilities...........................................................................................................31
Table 9. Change in payload and Code................................................................................................32
Table 10. Initial change in payload and Code size for buffer congestion control scheme.................44
Table 11. Simulation Parameters........................................................................................................46
參考文獻 References
Reference:
[1] M.S. Kuran, T. Tugcu, “A survey on emerging broadband wireless access technologies”, Computer Network, 2007
[2] http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology
[3] M. Chatterjee, S. Sengupta and S. Ganguly, “Feedback-Based Real-Time Streaming over WiMAX”, IEEE Wireless Communication, February 2007
[4] A.Ghosh and David R. Wolter, “Broadband Wireless Access with WiMAX/802.16: Current Performance Benchmarks and Future Potential”, IEEE communications Magazine, February 2005
[5] JG. Andrews. A. Ghosh. R. Muhamed, “WiMAX Fundamentals - Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking”.
[6] C. Cicconetti, L. Lenzini and E. Mingozzi, “Quality of Service Support in IEEE 802.16 Networks”, IEEE Network, March/April 2006
[7] Leijia Wu and K. Sandrasegaran, “Overview of WiMAX Standards and Applications”
[8] C. Eklund, R.B. Marks, Stanwood and S. Wang, “IEEE Standard 802.16: A Technical Overview of the WirelessMAN Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Area”, IEEE Com. Magazine, June 2002
[9] F. Hou, J. She, P.H. Ho, X. Shen, “Performance Analysis of ARQ with Opportunistic Scheduling in IEEE 802.16 Networks”, IEEE 2007
[10] M.S. Kang, J. Jang, “Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.16d ARQ algorithm with NS-2 simulator”, IEEE 2006.
[11] F.Chiti, R.Frantacci, T.Pecorella, F.Versaci, “Soft Combining Hybrid ARQ Schemes Application to Reliable Communications within 3G Wireless Networks”, 2003 IEEE.
[12] Yu Guan-ding , “Space-Time Code ARQ Protocol for Wireless Networks”, 2005 IEEE.
[13] Jamil Y.Khan, “An ARQ Scheme for Packet Transmission in a Wireless Network using a Block Reservation Protocol”, 2001 IEEE.
[14] Hang Liu and Magda El Zarki, “Performance of Video Transport over Wireless Networks Using Hybrid ARQ”, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
[15] R. Fantacci and M. Scardi, “Performance Evaluation of Preemptive Polling Schemes and ARQ Techniques for Indoor Wireless Networks”, 1996 IEEE.
[16] Rajiv Malik, Alka Munjal and Dr. Shampa Chakraverty, “Adaptive Forward Error Correction (AFEC) based Streaming using RTSP and RTP”, 2006 IEEE.
[17] Reetesh Mukul, Pradyumna Signh, “An Adaptive Bandwidth Request Mechanism for QoS Enhancement in WiMAX Real Time Communication”, 2006 IEEE.
[18] Yao-Ching Liu and Christos Douligeris, “Feedback Congestion Controller for ATM Networks Using a Neural Network Traffic Predictor, “ISBN: 0-7803-2576-1, 7-9 Mar 1995
[19] Yu Cheng, H. Jiang and Weihua Zhuang “Efficient Resource Allocation for China’s 3G/4G Wireless Networks“, 2005 IEEE.
[20] Yuan Chen, Lemin Li “A Random Early Expiration Detection Based Buffer management Algorithm for Real-time Traffic over Wireless Networks” 2005 IEEE.
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