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博碩士論文 etd-0730104-180636 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0730104-180636
論文名稱
Title
澎湖水道通量暨水團季節演變之研究
Seasonal Variation of Fluxes and Water Masses in the Penghu Channel
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
74
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2004-07-13
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2004-07-30
關鍵字
Keywords
通量、水團演變、澎湖水道
Fluxes, Water Masses, Penghu Channel
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5753 次,被下載 2515
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5753 times, has been downloaded 2515 times.
中文摘要
本研究利用1985∼2003年間在澎湖水道裡蒐集的水文與流速資料,分析澎湖水道進入台灣海峽的海水體積、溫度、鹽度通量,以及探討澎湖水道內水文垂直結構與水團演變關係。此外,本研究亦探討聖嬰現象對澎湖水道中溫鹽度值特性的影響。流量估算結果顯示在冬季時,通過斷面之流量接近0 Sv,溫度通量約-0.005×1015 W,鹽度通量約-2×106 kg/s,熱量通量約-1.6×106 W/m2;在冬、春兩季節交替期間,東北季風逐漸減弱使得北向流速漸增,而海水流量為0.5∼1 Sv,溫度、鹽度通量分別為0.052∼0.113×1015 W和20∼40×106 kg/s,熱量通量為16∼35×106 W/m2;入夏後,西南季風推動南海北部環流往東北,使通量達全年最大值,海水體積、溫度、鹽度及熱量通量值分別為1.5 Sv、0.162×1015 W、52×106 kg/s及53×106 W/m2;秋季來臨時,通量隨東北季風增強而陡降,流量由1.5 Sv降至0 Sv,同期間溫度、鹽度及熱量通量隨時間的變化分別為0.162∼-0.005×1015 W、52 ~ -2×106 kg/s和53 ~ -1.6×106 W/m2。流量與東吉島風應力的關係式為:流量(Sv) = 1.37 + 5.58×風應力(N/m2),上式之相關係數為0.97。海水分層結構在夏天時呈現十分明顯而穩定之分層現象,入秋後斷面內雖仍維持穩定之分層現象,但強度已逐漸地減弱,在冬季時,斷面內幾乎沒有分層現象,水層上下混合良好,進入春季後,斷面內又逐漸的產生分層的現象。在水團演變方面,冬、春季時上層以黑潮分支水(KBW)、下層以黑潮分支次表層水(KBSBW)為主;夏秋兩季,高溫低鹽之南海北部表層水(SCSSW)與黑潮分支水混合後進入澎湖水道,其中在50 m以上偏向高溫低鹽之SCSSW,50∼100 m之間則偏向KBW。聖嬰現象(El Niño)與澎湖水道中溫鹽度值的變化關係,在水深10∼50 m之平均溫、鹽度距平值之變化與聖嬰現象幾乎無關;而水深50 m以下之平均溫、鹽度距平值與南方震盪指標(SOI)的相關係數分別為0.527與-0.429,已超過95%信賴極限值0.325,表示有線性關係,兩者關係可能為當聖嬰現象發生時,東北季風減弱,進而造成南海北部環流減緩,使得高溫低鹽之南海水進入澎湖水道的水量減少,相對較低溫、鹽度較高黑潮分支水進入澎湖水道的比例增加,因而導致50 m以下呈現溫度下降、鹽度增加的現象。
Abstract
This study use the hydrography and current data measured along a zonal transect across the Penghu Channel (PHC) during 1985-2003 to calculate through-flow, temperature and salt transports (Q, TT and ST), and analyze hydrographic transects and water masses variations through the PHC. The influence of the El Ni&ntilde;o on the variations of temperature and salinity in the PHC is also investigated. The calculated Q is about 0 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3/s) in winter, and the TT, ST, heat flux are amount to -0.005×1015 W, -2×106 kg/s, -1.6×106 W/m2; during winter-spring period, the Q increases from 0.5 to 1 Sv as the northeast monsoon weakens, and the TT, ST, heat flux are amount to 0.052~0.113×1015 W, 20~40×106 kg/s, 16~35×106 W/m2, respectively. The Q peaks to 1.5 Sv at the end of southwest monsoon in summer, and the TT, ST, heat flux are 0.162×1015 W, 52×106 kg/s, 53×106 W/m2, respectively. The Q decreases rapidly from 1.5 to 0 Sv when the northeast monsoon intensifies in autumn, and the TT, ST, heat flux are 0.162~-0.005×1015 W, 52~ -2×106 kg/s and 53~ -1.6×106 W/m2, respectively. The relationship between the through-flow transport and the wind stress is expressed as Q (Sv) = 1.37+5.58×wind stresses (N/m2). The correlation coefficient is 0.97. The water column is strongly stratified in summer and nearly well-mixed in the upper 100 m in winter. The major water masses are the colder and saline Kuroshio Branch Water and the warmer and less saline South China Sea Surface Water respectively in winter and summer. The correlation coefficients for the El Nino index, the Southern Oscillation Index, to the anomalies of depth averaged (< 50 m) temperature and salinity are 0.527 and -0.429, respectively, suggesting that temperature and salinity might be anomalous decrease and increase during the El Ni&ntilde;o.
目次 Table of Contents
謝誌…………………………i
中文摘要……………………………ii
英文摘要………………………iii
目錄…………………………………iv
圖目錄............................vi
表目錄……………………………viii
附錄目錄……………………ix
第1章 緒論…………………………………………1
1.1 前言…………………………………1
1.2 研究背景……………………3
1.3 研究目的………………………………6
第2章 研究方法……………………………7
2.1 觀測資料……………………………………7
2.2 觀測方法…………………………12
2.3 資料處理……………………………16
第3章 斷面流場與通量………………………18
3.1 流場與水文結構………18
3.2 通量變化…………30
第4章 水團與分層特性………………35
4.1 水團演變……………………35
4.2 水文與聖嬰現象之關係……………41
4.3 垂直分層結構……………48
第5章 綜合討論………………61
第6章 結論………………66
參考文獻.................69
附錄一、CTD資料處理步驟……………73
附錄二、流速資料處理步驟.............74
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