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博碩士論文 etd-0730107-182504 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0730107-182504
論文名稱
Title
高屏峽谷南部陸棚岩心中多環芳香烴化合物之濃度及來源
Concentrations and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores of southern continental shelf of Kaoping submarine canyon
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
106
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2007-07-13
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2007-07-30
關鍵字
Keywords
多環芳香烴、岩心沉積物
PAHs, sediment cores
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5639 times, has been downloaded 1519 times.
中文摘要
本研究主要分析高屏峽谷南部陸棚岩心沉積物中多環芳香烴濃度隨時間分佈的情形,以回溯其歷史上水體中多環芳香烴沉降的污染狀態及傳輸途徑,並應用化學指紋鑑識技術及統計分析,以瞭解岩心沉積物中多環芳香烴成份含量特徵以判斷多環芳香烴可能污染來源。
研究結果顯示高屏峽谷北部陸棚中岩心之總多環芳香烴平均濃度高於南部陸棚。南部陸棚各岩心中Σ51PAHs與Σ16PAHs平均濃度分別為578∼697 ng/g與132∼173 ng/g,大致呈現相近之範圍,但由於各岩心之沉積速率及多環芳香烴來源不同,使得各岩心之總多環芳香烴垂直剖面濃度分佈趨勢並不儘相同。依化學指紋鑑識與群集分析(HCA)結果,加上各年代隨多環芳香烴化合物濃度含量分佈之情形顯示,南北部陸棚中多環芳香烴之來源組成亦不相同,北部陸棚多環芳香烴以草/煤/木材燃燒及石油/燃燒來源;南部陸棚以石油性污染來源比例為多。與沉積物品質指標進行比較,南部陸棚各岩心之總多環芳香烴平均濃度測值在安全範圍內,僅在北部陸棚岩心L27 深度約2-16 cm總多環芳香烴濃度大於TEL,可能會對底棲生物造成影響。而具可能致癌及致突變性的benzo[a]pyrene而言,皆低於各項生物影響指標,表示對生物無明顯危害。本研究之岩心沉積物中總多環芳香烴濃度測值,與國外文獻相比屬於低污染的範圍。
回顧近百年來高屏海域南部陸棚中多環芳香烴污染史而言,自1900年代初期總多環芳香烴濃度已有迅速增加的趨勢,各岩心於各年代所對應之總多環芳香烴濃度趨勢大致符合,並顯示各年代中多環芳香烴來源及濃度與高屏地區工業發展史有關。
Abstract
This study investigated distributions and the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediment cores in southern continental shelf of Kao-Ping submarine canyon. The sediment cores collected were analyzed for PAHs to reconstruct historical record of PAH contamination and to find out the possible sources, trends and fluxes.
The findings demonstrated the average concentrations of PAHs in the northern continental shelf of Kao-Ping submarine canyon were higher than in the southern continental shelf. The average concentrations of Σ51 PAHs and Σ16 PAHs ranged from 578 to 697 and from 132 to 173 ng/g , respectively. Because particle sedimentation rates and PAH sources were different along cores, vertical distributions of PAH concentrations among cores were not the same. Identification by diagnostic ratios and result of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) suggesting PAHs in the core of northern continental shelf were from pyrogenic and petrogenic sources, while those in the cores of southern continental shelf were from petrogenic source. Compared with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), most of the sample sediment cores are below the outlined criteria. Only the PAH concentrations of the sediments between 2-16 cm in the core L27 were higher than the Threshold Effect Level (TEL) value. Total PAH concentrations in this study were lower than those from other coastal areas in literature.
According to the PAH concentrations along cores in the southern
continental shelf, significant increase of total PAH concentrations was evident in the early 1900s. Our results also demonstrate that PAH concentrations and sources in the southern continental shelf area related to the increasing industrial activities in Kao-Ping coastal area.
目次 Table of Contents
摘要
目錄 Ⅰ
表目錄 Ⅲ
圖目錄 Ⅳ
第一章 前言 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2-1 多環芳香烴(PAHs)的物化特性 4
2-2 多環芳香烴(PAHs)的來源 4
2-3多環芳香烴(PAHs)的毒理特性 5
2-4 多環芳香烴之化學指紋鑑識 6
2-5 研究區域 7
2-5-1高屏陸棚地理特性 7
2-5-2高屏峽谷陸棚之流場 8
2-6 岩心沉積物之應用 9
第三章 實驗材料與研究方法 15
3-1採樣地點及時間 15
3-2樣品前處理 15
3-3材料與儀器 15
3-3-1材料 15
3-3-2儀器設備 16
3-4試藥及器具前處理 16
3-5 分析方法 17
3-5-1 顆徑分析 17
3-5-2 總有機碳(TOC)分析 17
3-5-3 多環芳香烴分析 17
3-6 品保及品管(QA�QC) 19
3-6-1 方法回收率 19
3-6-2 實驗空白分析 20
3-6-3 標準查核樣品分析 20
3-6-4 方法偵測極限 20
3-7 群集分析(Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, HCA) 20
第四章 結果與討論 29
4-1 ASE 300與Soxhlet萃取法比較 29
4-2 ΣPAHs之濃度垂直分佈趨勢 29
4-2-1 Σ51PAHs之濃度垂直分佈趨勢 29
4-2-2 Σ16PAHs之濃度垂直分佈趨勢 32
4-3 PAHs之來源 35
4-4 總多環芳香烴濃度、總有機碳及粒徑之相關性分析 37
4-5 Perylene之來源 38
4-6 PAHs污染史 40
4-7 PAHs之沉降通量(fluxes) 41
4-8 沉積物品質指標(Sediment Quality Guidelines, SQG) 42
4-9 國外文獻比較 42
第五章 結論與建議 80
5-1結論 80
5-2建議 82
參考文獻 83
附錄 90
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