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論文名稱 Title |
政策對美國酒駕死亡的影響 The Influence of Policy on the U.S. Drunk-driving Fatality |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
70 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2008-07-22 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2008-07-30 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
酒後駕車、酒駕政策、追蹤資料模型 DUI, drunk-driving policy, panel data model |
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統計 Statistics |
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中文摘要 |
鑑於酒駕死亡為美國交通事故主要議題焦點,本文應用追蹤資料來分析啤酒稅和其他相關酒駕法律對於美國1982-2006年來酒駕死亡的影響,另外不同以往的文獻,本研究分析酒駕死亡率是否隨時間的趨勢呈現下降以及考量有無地區性上的明顯不同。 實證發現酒駕死亡率皆隨著時間呈現顯著下降趨勢,其中於1987年之後每一年的死亡率皆顯著下降,其原因可能為交通部長Elizabeth規定汽車製造業者於1987年開始於新車輛加裝安全帶和安全氣囊;然而研究顯示酒駕死亡率則無明顯的地區性的差異;並且研究發現啤酒稅、血液含酒精濃度法以及零容忍法為有效抑制酒後駕車的政策。 |
Abstract |
Due to drunk-driving fatality is the most focal issue in the U.S. traffic accident, this paper applies panel data model to analyze the influence of beer tax and other drunk-driving related laws on the U.S. drunk-driving fatality rate from 1982-2006. Different from former references, this paper investigate if the drunk-driving fatality rate declines by the time and by region. The result shows that drunk-driving fatality rate has declined by the time, especially, in 1987; the drunk-driving fatality rate statistically significant drops. The posibility is that U.S. Secretary of Transportation, Elizabeth, ordered the automobile manufactures to set seat belt or air bag with the cars from 1987. However, the drunk-driving fatality rate doesn’t show different significantly by region. This may suggest that regions have similar laws and cultural norms, which leads to similar drunk-driving fatality rate. Finally, the survey indicates the higher beer tax, BAC 0.08 Law, and Zero Tolerance Law are effective policies to reduce drunk-driving. |
目次 Table of Contents |
第一章 緒論 ……………………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究動機與目的………………………………………………………1 第二節 研究架構與流程…………………………………………………3 第二章 文獻回顧…………………………………………………….………… 5 第一節 研究酒稅的相關文獻 ………………………………………………5 第二節 研究酒駕法律政策的相關文獻 ……………………………………11 第三章 研究方法.………………………………………………………………23 第一節 追縱資料單根檢定.…………………………………………………23 第二節 追縱資料分析方法……………………………………………………26 第三節 實證模型設定.………………………………………………………32 第四章 實證結果與分析……………………………………………………34 第一節 實證資料來源與處理.………………………………………………34 第二節 實證結果 …………………………………………………………….45 第五章 結論與建議……………………………………………………………52 第一節 結論……………………………………………………………………52 第二節 建議…………………………………………………………………53 參考文獻..………………………………………………………………………54 |
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