本研究探討小琉球箱網養殖海鱺 (Rachycentron canadum) 快速成長期 (2006 年 10 月至 2007 年 4 月) 腹部肌肉與肝臟的粗脂質及三酸甘油酯 (triacylglycerol, TAG) 之變化量及其相關調控基因與酵素活性的表現情形。海鱺飼料粗脂肪為12%，肝臟為30-40%，肌肉在 2 月時最高為 13 %，其餘月份粗脂肪約為 9-11%。肌肉三酸甘油酯含量由12月的 22% 上升至2 月的 40 %，Oil red-O (ORO) 染色，也發現腹部肌肉及肝臟三酸甘油酯的累積量有相同趨勢。腹部肌肉三酸甘油酯及脂肪酸在 2 月的累積與三酸甘油酯合成之前身物glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) 的合成酵素glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH, EC 1.1.1.8) 與脂肪酸生合成酵素 fatty acid synthase (FAS, EC 2.3.1.85) 活性及基因表現顯著上升有關。Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK, EC 4.1.1.32) 及glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12)活性與基因表現在 2 月增加。肝臟三酸甘油酯及脂肪酸含量在3-4 月下降，但 FAS 及 PEPCK 活性及 mRNA 量卻在 3 月上升，可能是 3-4 月肝臟大量合成脂肪酸，但卻快速運送到其他部位，導致含量下降。活性與基因表現受抑制，指出可能透過 mitochondria 形成 acetyl-CoA，脂肪酸合成增加，FATP2 mRNA 量在 2 月增加，指出由血液運送到肌肉之脂肪酸也會增加。調控脂質代謝的轉錄因子 (PPARα、PPARβ、PPARγ) mRNA 量相符，促進 G-3-P 合成提供形成。
本研究由酵素活性與 mRNA 量證實腹部肌肉由 PEPCK 提供 acetyl-CoA，並經 FAS 合成脂肪酸，再加上運送進入之脂肪酸，與GPDH 提供 TAG 之骨架後，造成 TAG 含量在 2 月增加。

The study was to investigate the changes in (1) triacylglycerol (TAG) contents and its relationship to (2) lipid synthesis- and metabolism-related enzyme activity and (3) their gene expression in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) during the fast growth period (from October 2006 to April 2007) in ventral muscle and liver in Hsiao-Lu-Chiao island in southwestern Taiwan. The crude lipid was 12% for fed diet, 30-40% for liver while 13% in February and 11% to 9% in other month for muscle. The TAG content of crude lipid was 36 % for fed diets, and from 22% (December) to 40% (February) for muscle, and from 63% (October to February) to 47% (March) for liver. Oil red-O (ORO) staining showed that TAG accumulated in muscle in February but in December in liver. Muscle TAG contents and enzyme activities and mRNA levels of GPDH and FAS increased in February. A decrease in GPDH enzyme activity and mRNA levels but an increase in PEPCK enzyme activity and mRNA levels indicate the increased supply of acetyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis is in muscle. An increase in FATP2 mRNA levels suggest the influx of fatty acid also contributes to increased fatty acid accumulation in muscle.In liver, TAG and fatty acid contents decreased in March April but increased FAS and PEPCK enzyme activity and mRNA levels. It is possible that fatty acid synthesis is enhanced in March, but a fast transport to other organs results in a net decline in liver fatty acid contents and subsequently a decrease in TAG contents. FATP contents decreased in March-April mRNA, indicating that the influx of fatty acid in decreasing in liver in adult fish. GPDH and GAPDH were not related to lipid metabolism in liver. These data from enzyme activity and mRNA level, demonstrated that a potentially increase in acetyl-CoA via PEPCK contributes to fatty acid synthesis and GPDH-mediated synthesis of G-3-P provide the C skeleton for TAG synthesis.

謝辭------------------------------------------------- i
中文摘要------------------------------------------- ii
英文摘要------------------------------------------- iii
目錄------------------------------------------------- iv
表目錄---------------------------------------------- v
圖目錄---------------------------------------------- viii
附錄目錄------------------------------------------- xi
縮寫字對照---------------------------------------- xiv
一、前言------------------------------------------- 1
二、實驗目的與策略---------------------------- 8
三、實驗架構------------------------------------- 9
四、材料與方法---------------------------------- 10
五、結果------------------------------------------- 23
六、討論------------------------------------------- 35
七、參考文獻------------------------------------- 41
八、表---------------------------------------------- 52
九、圖---------------------------------------------- 79
十、附錄------------------------------------------- 126

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