Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0730112-173714 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0730112-173714
論文名稱
Title
支援分散式監控架構之微控器控制程式產生器
The Distributed Control Program Generator of Microprocessor-based Environment
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
101
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2012-07-25
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2012-07-30
關鍵字
Keywords
分散式控制系統、人機監控介面、微控器、可編程控制器、事件表驅動
Micro Control Unit, Modbus, Event-table-driven, Distributed Control System, Programmable Logic Controller
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5664 次,被下載 441
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5664 times, has been downloaded 441 times.
中文摘要
隨著日新月異的科技演進以及人們對於數位化時代所需要求不斷提高,在自動控制領域中,獨立或是小型的監控已經不敷使用。而如何在快速、穩定、可靠且經濟的條件下,建構出一個完整、大型且分散的控制系統,已經讓各家廠商紛紛投入研究與競爭,無不就是想要在這廣大的領域佔得一席之地。
由於微控器有著編程彈性、價格低廉,以及系統功能完整、穩定的優勢,在分散式控制系統的應用中,主要除了用於當作資料收集、封包轉傳、下達指令的模組之外,也會透過撰寫程式,開啟並設定內外部裝置、在工作任務上,編輯觸發條件、動作內容等等…應用不勝枚舉。唯獨其在編程上需付出較多的時間及專業性。而可編程控制器目前已經廣泛的被應用在工業控制領域。相較於以微控器為主幹的控制系統開發來說,可編程控制器的優勢在於已擁有健全的基礎系統、簡易的編程方式。但其缺點為價格昂貴、處理速度慢,以及裝置功能封閉等等…。
另外,在工業上大型的分散式控制系統中,Real-Time的好壞,直接的反應在網路架構與封包的傳輸方式。在此我們提出一種有效率的資料收集方式,讓主控端不必深至系統底層擷取資料,而是透過具有資料收集能力且效率高的中繼設備。達到資料集中、控制分散以及增加實時性的好處。我們還提供了Slave-to-Slave的運作機制,得以分散主控端的負擔並且增加系統彈性與效能。
因此我們提出了支援分散式監控之微控器控制程式產生器的軟體開發監控平台。此平台的網路拓樸使用了分散式多階層匯流排型架構,在以Modbus協定為基礎下,使用者透過簡單的設定,將微控器定義為其所需之裝置。再者,利用重新規劃的裝置設定表以及事件表驅動模型,填寫使用者所需之工作任務。在所有階段設定皆處理完畢後,產生相對應的微控器控制程式以及人機監控介面程式。
我們的研究成果,使MCU可以在不缺少編程彈性下,程式的編寫更為容易簡單、開發更加快速。換句話說,亦是讓可編程控制器可以建立在微控器價格低廉、體積輕巧,與適當的裝置彈性優點上。並且達到快速且穩定的建構出完整的分散式控制系統,以及只要透過相同介面平台,便可監控各系統終端設備運作情形。總之,此平台不僅含括了上段所提微控器與可編程控制器之優點,並且也改善了其相對的缺點。
Abstract
In the field of the industrial automatic control, both MCU (Micro Control Unit) and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) are widely being used in DCS (Distributed Control System). Since MCU can provide complex process scheduling, accurate timing control and PLC has the advantages of easy programming and maintaining. However, the control programs of the MCU are hard to design and maintain. Identically, the poor signal processing ability, high cost and the restrictive functions are the major defects of PLC.
In order to solve the drawbacks described above in MCU and PLC, we provide a PLC-like interface for users to access the devices and set the registers of MCU. Likewise, designers can develop the control program via Event-table-driven modules. On the other hand, our main goal of DCS is to quickly construct the distributed N level network topology based on Modbus protocol, which is efficient and reliable. Therefore, we bring up a data collection method and Slave-to-Slave strategy so as to distribute the master loading, reduce the package transmission times and improve the real-time latency.
In conclusion, our research results not only congregate the benefits of MCU and PLC but provide an environment to quickly construct and conveniently monitor DCS, which meets the time-to-market demands.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝 ................................................................................................................................... I
摘要 .................................................................................................................................. II
Abstract ........................................................................................................................... IV
目 錄 .............................................................................................................................. V
圖 次 ............................................................................................................................ IX
表 次 ........................................................................................................................... XII
第一章 序論 .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 論文架構 ........................................................................................................... 3
第二章 相關研究 .......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 集中式與分散式控制系統的比較 ................................................................... 4
2.2 分散式控制系統的架構 ................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 特定的拓樸結構 ..................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 鏈路層各種協定 ................................................................................... 10
2.2.3 Modbus協定概述 ................................................................................. 15
2.3 分散式控制網路系統在實際上的應用 ......................................................... 26
2.3.1 分散式遠端溫度監控和收集系統[8] .................................................. 26
2.3.2 建立於分散式SC BUS的資料轉換系統[2] ....................................... 27
2.3.3 實現於水力發電廠的分散式控制系統[3] .......................................... 28
2.3.4 分散式恆溫控制系統[6] ...................................................................... 29
2.3.5 智慧環境自動化系統的實現 [17] ...................................................... 30
2.4 回顧與探討 ..................................................................................................... 30
第三章 分散式控制程式產生器 ................................................................................ 33
3.1 分散式控制程式產生器架構 ......................................................................... 33
3.1.1 MCU資料庫: ........................................................................................ 35
3.1.2 裝置設定器: .......................................................................................... 35
3.1.3 工作合成器: .......................................................................................... 36
3.1.4 分散式控制的建立: .............................................................................. 37
3.1.5 程式組合引擎: ...................................................................................... 38
3.1.6 監控介面產生器: .................................................................................. 39
3.2 適用於多階層之分散式控制模組的建立 ..................................................... 40
3.2.1 中繼(Repeat): ........................................................................................ 41
3.2.2 資料收集(Data Collection): .................................................................. 42
3.2.3 資料映射(Data Mapping): .................................................................... 44
3.2.4 Time-out Strategy: ................................................................................. 45
3.2.5 分散式控制裝置管裡描述: .................................................................. 48
3.3 事件表之驅動方式 ......................................................................................... 51
3.3.1 Sequential Type Event Module ............................................................. 53
3.3.2 Continued Type Event Module ............................................................. 54
3.3.3 One-shot Type Event Module ............................................................... 55
3.3.4 事件模型的組合 ................................................................................... 57
3.4 SLAVE-TO-SLAVE行為描述 ............................................................................ 59
3.4.1 驅動條件的判斷 ................................................................................... 59
3.4.2 執行動作的方式 ................................................................................... 59
3.5 分散式控制模組 ............................................................................................. 60
第四章 分散式控制程式產生器操作實例 ................................................................ 62
4.1 裝置設定階段 ................................................................................................. 63
4.1.1 MCU的選取 ......................................................................................... 63
4.1.2 裝置的選取 ........................................................................................... 63
4.1.3 裝置的設定 ........................................................................................... 64
4.2 一般工作編程及監控編程 ............................................................................. 65
4.2.1 一般工作編程 ....................................................................................... 66
4.2.2 監控工作編程 ....................................................................................... 67
4.3 建立監控暫存器連接窗口 ............................................................................. 68
4.4 MCU端的溝通機制 ....................................................................................... 69
4.4.1 資料收集機制 ....................................................................................... 70
4.4.2 Slave-to-Slave機制: ............................................................................. 71
4.5 分散式監控實例: ............................................................................................ 72
4.5.1 實際電路說明: ...................................................................................... 72
4.5.2 指令下達說明: ...................................................................................... 74
4.5.3 HMI監控設定: ..................................................................................... 77
4.5.4 實際輪詢時間計算: .............................................................................. 78
4.5.5 Tab Page內容顯示: .............................................................................. 80
4.5.6 錯誤以及Database機制: ..................................................................... 81
4.6 MODBUS ON SERIAL的發展: ........................................................................... 82
第五章 結論 ................................................................................................................ 84
參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................ 85
參考文獻 References
[1] Hector Fabio Florez Londono, Jose David Tascon Vidarte, Juan Diego Tascon Vidarte, “A substation automation system for the ECOPETROL power plants at Cantagallo and Yarigui”, Robotics Symposium, 2011 IEEE IX Latin American and IEEE Colombian Conference on Automatic Control and Industry Applications (LARC).
[2] Sifeng Zhang, Keli Zhang, Ping Cao, Yanfang Wang,” Design and Realization of Remote Synchronous Data Transmission System Based on Distributed Architecture of Serial Concurrent Bus”, The Ninth International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments (ICEMI 2009).
[3] Alejandra Rodriguez Aray, and Jose Leonardo Loreto Pedrique, “Distributed Control Implementation in CVG EDELCA Hydroelectric Power Plants”, Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America, 2006. TDC '06. IEEE/PES.
[4] Yuichi Itami, Tasuku Ishigooka, Takanori Yokoyama, “A Distributed Computing Environment for Embedded Control Systems with Time-Triggered and Event-Triggered Processing”, The 14th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, 2008.
[5] Yokoyama, T., Naya, H., Narisawa, F., Kuragaki, S., Nagaura, W., Imai, T., Suzuki, S., “A Development Method of Time-Triggered Object-Oriented Software for Embedded Control Systems”, Systems and Computers in Japan, Vol. 34,No. 2, pp. 338–349, 2003.
[6] Xianghui Cao, Student Member, IEEE, Jiming Chen, Member, IEEE, Yang Xiao, Senior Member, IEEE, Youxian Sun, “Building-Environment Control With Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks: Centralized Versus Distributed”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 57, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2010.
[7] Qing LIU, Yingmei LI, “Modbus/TCP based Network Control System for Water Process in the Firepower Plant”, Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, June 21 - 23, 2006, Dalian, China.
[8] Zhu Qishen, Zhu Dongmei, Su Xunwen, ” Distributed Remote Temperature Monitoring and Acquisition System Based on CAN Bus”, 2010 Prognostics & System Health Management Conference (PHM2010 Macau).
[9]陳立元, 範逸之, 廖錦棋, “Visual Basic 2005與自動化系統監控-RS232串列通訊篇”, 2006年9月.
[10] Visual Basic - MSDN - Microsoft, http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-tw/library/2x7h1hfk(v=vs.80).aspx
[11] Amir Firoozshahi, “High speed redundant Multi-Network DCS-based in Innovative Tank Gauging Control System”, 2010 the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Computer Control (ICACC 2010).
[12] ”A simple, easy to use modbus gateway”, http://godspeedlee.myweb.hinet.net/ModbusWay.htm
[13] “Understanding Timeout Settings”, http://www.digi.com/ support/ia
[14] Lv Zhigang, Wang Peng, “Network Sensor of Temperature & Humidity based on RS485 Interface”, 2010 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering(ICACTE).
[15] Yanfang Wang, Wandui Mao, Jinying Li, Peng Zhang,Xiaoping Wang, “A Distributed Rectifier Testing System Based on RS-485”, 2010 5th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applicationsis
[16] GuoYing Gu, LiMin Zhu, ZhenHua Xiong, and Han Ding, “Design of a Distributed Multiaxis Motion Control System Using the IEEE-1394 Bus”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 57, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2010.
[17] Jignesh G. Bhatt, H.K. Verma, “RS-485/MODBUS based Intelligent Building Automation System using LabVIEW”, in Proc. 4th International Conference on Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering-Recent Advances (CERA-09), IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India, February 19-21, 2010.
[18] “Modicon Modbus Protocol Reference Guide”, http://modbus.org/docs/PI_MBUS_300.pdf
[19] 曾百由, “數位訊號控制器原理與應用”, 2009年12月.
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:自定論文開放時間 user define
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code