Activin是inhibin β次單位的二聚體蛋白質在骨基質中含量豐富，在正常的骨骼中可能經由造骨細胞產生。本論文研究觀察糖尿病的拔牙傷口中activin的表現。以streptozotocin注射大鼠誘發導致產生糖尿病，控制組的動物只有注射citrate buffer。三週後在麻醉的情況下進行右顎臼齒的拔牙，其後於不同的時間犧牲大鼠，將頭部取下進行組織染色及免疫組織化學染色。組織染色結果分析顯示，在拔牙後7天膠原纖維依序形成大量且較粗的膠原纖維束，進而形成初級的骨小樑，也就是骨小樑前驅物（pretrabecular），這些前驅物骨小樑可以形成一個支架逐漸構成骨小樑。而在實驗糖尿病鼠的齒槽傷口中膠原纖維的形成減少，結果造成傷口癒合延遲。免疫組織化學染色結果分析顯示，在拔牙7天傷口中，齒槽外骨形成的造骨細胞增加，實驗發現activin參與骨的再構築，特別在骨形成時activin扮演調節的角色，因此，未來可能可以應用在糖尿病的傷口癒合上。

Activin is a dimeric protein of inhibin beta subunit, which is abundantly stored in normal bone matrix, presumably produced by osteoblasts in the process of normal bone formation. The expression of activins was examined in the wound healing of diabetic rats. In this study,insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was induced in a group of mature Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting streptozotocin. Control animals were injected with citrate buffer only. After 3 weeks,all of rats underwent extraction of the right maxillary molars teeth after anesthesia. Rats were killed at varying intervals and the maxilla and calvaria were recovered in continuity. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin as well as immunohistochemical gent. Hematoxylin-eosin analyses showed that at 7 days after tooth extraction in the control and insulin-streptozotocin-treated rats there were, thick collagen fibers which formed a pretrabecular the scaffold dictated the direction of the forming trabeculae. However,the collagen fibers in the diabetic socket were thin and scanty, and only formed a narrow layer in the apical part of the socket. These histologic observations suggest that in uncontrolled, insulin-dependent diabetes, the formation of the collagenous framework in the tooth extraction socket is inhibited, resulting in delayed healing.The immunohistochemical analyses showed that at 7 days after tooth extraction in both control and insulin-streptozotocin-treated rats, osteoblasts were increased in extra-alveolar bone formation.Our findings also suggested that activin was actively involve in bone modeling during osteogenesis. These findings suggest that activin may play important role in the regulation of bone formation and it may be useful in the future for the wound healing in diabetic patients.

中文摘要…………………………………1
英文摘要…………………………………2
前言………………………………………4
材料與方法………………………………22
結果………………………………………26
討論………………………………………29
參考文獻…………………………………33
附圖………………………………………41
圖一……………………………………… 7
圖二………………………………………11
圖三………………………………………17
表一……………………………………… 8
表二………………………………………10
表三………………………………………51

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