一般的太陽能集光器，其可接收角(Acceptance angle, θmax)通常都不大(θmax ≦±1°)，因此需依賴追日系統提高集光器的對準公差，同時也增加發電系統的成本。本研究利用幾何光學方式，設計出具廣角收光功能之光能導引集光模組(Ultra-wide view of concentrator, UWC)，進而匯聚一高日照強度光源，本模組無須倚靠高精度追日系統即可達成偏射光導引→準直→匯聚之功效。研究中透過設計之複合拋物面鏡(Compound parabolic concentrator, CPC)與自由曲面準直透鏡(Free-form collimator, FC)構成一廣角收光聚光單元(Ultra-wide view of concentrating unit, UWCU)，可經由陣列方式整合多顆單元形成次模組，將其放置於匹配之拋物面鏡主模組上方，形成本文之集光模組。分別進行上述三種元件的探討及性能確認，包括設計另一種非對稱多邊形複合拋物曲面(Asymmetrical polygon compound parabolic curve, ACPC)以增加陣列後之填充率、設計一優化之橢型準直透鏡以增加準直度，最後亦設計單、雙反射式拋物面鏡主模組以比較何者匹配次模組，最後對於整體模組的光導引及匯聚功能進行分析與模擬。其中，透過3D printer技術進行治具製作，以及使用精密機械加工元件。模擬結果顯示，在各式聚光單元及拋物面光機主模組中，選擇陣列ACPC的次模組並搭配優化後之單反射式主模組來構成本文最佳的集光模組，UWCU可由CPC將偏射光導引 (θmax≦±10°)，再透過FC準直化 (光半強角<6°)，UWCU光效率於θmax≦± 10°下可維持50~80%。具廣角收光功能之光能導引集光模組(Dia. 100 mm)，可接收角度範圍θmax≦±10°。在平均日照強度1 kW/m2環境下，並在無須安裝追日系統下，一天的中午11：20至12：40有最佳效能。接收面(~10*10 mm2)光通量最大可輸出3.97W (效率70%)。

The general solar concentrators are designed with a small acceptance angles (θmax≦±1°). Therefore, these concentrators would be set up on a solar tracker to improve the alignment tolerance, but they also increase the cost. In this paper, the ultra-wide view concentrator (UWC) is designed for collecting solar light rays in various incident angles, and then focuses the solar light on a focal plane without precise solar tracking system. The UWC that comprises a parabolic reflector, compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs) and free-form collimators (FCs). In addition, CPC and FC are integrated to form the ultra-wide view of concentrating unit (UWCU). The UWCUs could array to become the secondary module, and put them onto the parabolic reflector primary module to become the UWC finally. Then the performances and analysis of three optical components and UWC were confirmed respectively, including design another shape of CPC named ACPC to increase the fill rate, design a new type of FC named optimized FC to increase the collimation, and design two types of parabolic reflector named Single parabolic reflector and Dual parabolic reflector to compare with them which is suitable for assembling to UWCUs. Finally, the prototype was fabricated by 3D printer and Precision Machining. Simulation results show that in all kinds of secondary and primary module, choose ACPC to array onto the Single parabolic reflector to become the best UWC. The results of UWCU show that the optical efficiency of 50~80% is under acceptance angle ≦± 10°. The UWC was achieved under acceptance angle in the range of θmax≦±10°. Finally, when under 1 kW/m2 sunlight, this UWC would have the best performance between 11:20~12:40 a day without solar tracking system, and the UWC would receive 3.97W (the efficiency is 70%) on the plane receiver.

目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景 1
1.3 研究動機與目的 2
1.4 文獻回顧 3
1.5 本文架構 13
第二章 光學理論基礎 14
2.1 幾何光學理論 14
2.1.1 點光源發光 14
2.1.2 光線基礎概念 15
2.1.3 反射原理現象 15
2.1.4 折射原理現象 17
2.1.5 全反射原理現象 18
2.2 照明單位定義 19
2.2.1 光通量 20
2.2.2 照度 20
2.2.3 光強度 20
2.2.4 光亮度 21
2.3 光源模擬設定 22
第三章 研究方法與步驟 23
3.1 研究流程 23
3.2 複合拋物面鏡 25
3.2.1 複合拋物面鏡設計步驟方法 25
3.2.2 將原型改良為多邊形複合拋物面鏡 28
3.3 自由曲面準直透鏡 30
3.3.1 自由曲面準直透鏡設計步驟方法 30
3.3.2 改良傳統自由曲面準直透鏡 34
3.3.3 設計一優化的新橢型自由曲面拋物面鏡 35
3.4 廣角收光聚光單元 37
3.4.1 CPC與自由曲面準直透鏡組合關係 37
3.4.2 各式廣角收光聚光單元 38
3.5 拋物面鏡主模組 40
3.5.1 單反射式拋物面鏡主模組 40
3.5.2 雙反射式拋物面鏡主模組 41
3.6 廣角收光之光能導引集光模組 41
3.6.1 光能導引集光模組之組成方式 41
3.6.2 各式UWCU之陣列方式 42
3.7 元件實體及量測架設 46
第四章 結果與討論 50
4.1 拋物面鏡主模組模擬與分析 50
4.1.1 拋物面鏡主模組模擬與選擇 50
4.1.2 單反射式拋物面鏡主模組模擬 51
4.1.3 雙反射式拋物面鏡主模組模擬 52
4.2 複合拋物面鏡之模擬與分析 54
4.2.1 複合拋物面鏡之幾何參數分析 54
4.2.2 複合拋物面鏡之建構方式與角度模擬 55
4.2.3 對稱與多邊形CPC之模擬 57
4.3 廣角收光聚光單元之模擬與分析 59
4.3.1 廣角收光聚光單元之參數分析 59
4.3.2 兼顧高準直度且最大填充率之廣角聚收光聚光單元參數分析 60
4.3.3 分析傳統式、改良式及優化式之準直透鏡差異 61
4.3.4 模擬各式規格之廣角收光聚光單元之效率與角度關係 64
4.4 廣角收光功能之光能導引集光模組模擬與分析 72
4.4.1 各種規格之集光模組的模擬比較 72
4.4.2 優化效率較高的兩組單反射式集光模組模擬 92
4.4.3 優化效率最高之Version G模組成為Version I模組 93
4.4.4 將最佳之兩模組代入實際一天平均照度曲線模擬 94
4.5 實驗架設與量測 96
4.5.1 裸光源量測實驗 96
4.5.2 廣角收光聚光單元量測實驗 97
4.5.3 雙反射式集光模組量測實驗 99
4.5.4 單反射式集光模組量測實驗 101
第五章 結論與未來展望 103
5.1結論 103
5.2未來展望 104
參考文獻 105
附件一 110
附件二 112
附件三 114

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