Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0801100-164514 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0801100-164514
論文名稱
Title
群組規範與凝聚力對群組合作學習之影響
Effects of Group Norms and Cohesiveness on Group Cooperative Learning
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
70
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-06-23
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-08-01
關鍵字
Keywords
群組規範、社會認知理論、群組合作學習、凝聚力
Cohesiveness, Group Cooperative Learning, Social Cognitive Theory, Group Norms
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5749 次,被下載 4382
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5749 times, has been downloaded 4382 times.
中文摘要
近年來,全球的教育學者無不致力於推動各項教育改革,在因應教改而生的眾多教學方式中,群組合作學習是一項廣為接受的教學方式。若以社會認知理論的觀點來看,群組合作學習中學習者之學習行為將受到個人因素及環境因素的影響。本研究根據社會認知理論的相關研究模式,提出一群組合作學習模式,而以參加跨國英語教學之「A捷計畫」(Advanced Joint English Teaching, AJET)的高中一年級學生進行為期六週的群組合作學習專案實驗,並配合專案進度施以問卷,再根據問卷結果加以分析驗證。研究結果顯示,群組規範和群組凝聚力是影響群組合作學習績效的重要環境因素,而群組規範是影響自我效能高低的因素之一,自我效能及目標認同度皆與學習績效相關。根據上述研究結果,本研究提出了驗證後的模式與若干建議,以供未來欲從事群組合作學習研究或欲以此為教學方式的研究者及教師做為參考。
Abstract
none
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 導論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究方法和研究流程 3
第四節 論文架構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
第一節 合作學 6
第二節 學習風格的概念與相關研究 12
第三節 社會認知理論 16
第四節 團體組織結 21
第三章 研究架構、方法與設計 24
第一節 研究架構 24
第二節 研究假說 26
第三節 研究設計 29
第四章 資料分析 34
第一節 效度與信度 34
第二節 樣本基本資料分析 37
第三節 群組合作學習模式分析與假說檢定 38
第四節 學習風格相關分析 43
第五節 研究結果討論 46
第五章 結論 47
第一節 研究發現 47
第二節 研究貢獻 49
第三節 研究限制 50
第四節 後續研究 51
參考文獻 53
中文部分 53
英文部分 54
附錄 實驗問卷 61
參考文獻 References
中文部分
朱耀明(民86),網路在教育上的應用,海峽兩岸青年學者迎接高新科技信息時代挑戰學術研討會,大陸南京東南大學。
吳文雄(民88),在電腦技能訓練中學習者自律之研究-社會認知理論的應用,國立中山大學資訊管理研究所未出版博士論文。
吳百薰(民87),學習風格理論探究,國教輔導,第37卷第5期,頁47-64。
沈慶珩(民89),合作學習教學策略的原理與實施,銘傳大學展望新世紀國際學術研討會教育學程組論文。
周立勳(民83),國小班級分組合作學習之研究,國立政治大學教育研究所未出版博士論文。
林清山、林天祐(民85),合作學習,教育資料與研究,第13期。
孫春在(民84),超媒體網路與遠距合作式電腦輔助學習,教學科技與媒體,第21期,頁29-37。
高翠霞、蔡崇建(民88),學習風格與教學設計,教育資料與研究,第29期。
張金淑(民78),合作學習對學習效果之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所未出版碩士論文。
張景媛(民77),教學類型與學習類型適配性研究暨學生學習適應理論模式的驗證,國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所未出版碩士論文;教育心理學報,第21期,頁113-172。
梁朝雲(民86),以全球資訊網為基礎的遠距學習環境-簡介LEAD前導計畫的研發現況,教學科技與媒體,34期,頁28-41。
郭重吉(民76a),英美等國晚近對學生學習風格之研究,資優教育季刊,第22期,頁2-8。
郭重吉(民76b),評介學習風格有關之研究,資優教育季刊,第23期,頁7-16。
陳德懷(民86),漫談網路教學及對未來教學的可能影響,資訊與教育雜誌創刊10年特刊,頁47-57。
黃玉枝(民80),國中資優學生與普通學生學習風格及學校適應之比較研究,國立台灣師範大學特殊教育研究所未出版碩士論文。
黃玉枝(民82),國中資優學生與普通學生學習風格及學校適應之比較研究,特殊教育研究學刊,第9期,頁249-276。
黃政傑(民82),合作學習教學法,課程教學之變革,台北:師大書院。
黃政傑、林佩璇(民85),合作學習,台北:五南圖書出版有限公司。
楊宏珩(民85),行動研究:以高中化學教學試行合作學習為例,國立彰化師大科學教育研究所未出版碩士論文。
潘正德(民84),團體動力學,台北:心理出版社。
駱芳美(民73),從凝聚力的詮譯談凝聚力在團體動力中的角色,輔導月刊,第20卷,第2期,頁1-9。
英文部分
Anderson, J. and Gerbing, D. (1988). "Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach," Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), pp. 411-423.
Aronson E., Blaney, N., Stephan, C., Skies, J., & Snapp, M. (1978). The Jigsaw Classroom, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Bagozzi, R.P. (1990). "Assessing Method Variance in Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices: The Case of Self-Reported Affect and Perceptions at Work," Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, pp. 547-560.
Bandura, A. & Jurden, F.J. (1991). "Self-Regulatory Mechanisms Governing the Impact of Social Comparison on Complex Decision Making," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), pp. 941-951.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social Learning Theory, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Bandura, A. (1984). "Recycling Misconceptions of Perceived Self-Efficacy," Cognitive Therapy and Research, 8, pp. 231-255.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Fundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood, Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bantel, K. & Jackson, S. (1989). "Top Management and Innovations in Banking: Does the Composition of the Top Team Make a Difference? " Strategic Management Journal, 10, pp. 107-124.
Bettenhausen, K. & Murnighan, J. K. (1985). "The Emergence of Norms in Competitive Decision-Making Groups. " Administrative Science Quarterly, 30(3), pp. 350-372.
Bollen, K. A. & Hoyle, R. H. (1990). "Perceived Cohesion: A Conceptual and Empirical Examination," Social Forces, 69(2), pp. 479-504.
Bostrom, R. P., Olfman, L. & Sein, M. K. (1988). "End User Computing: A Framework to Investigate the Training/Learning Process," Human Factors in Management Information Systems, H.M. Carey (ED.), Ablex Publishing Corporation, Norwood, NJ, pp. 221-250.
Bostrom, R. P., Olfman, L. & Sein, M. K. (1990). "The Importance of Learning Style on End-User Training," MIS Quarterly, pp. 101-119.
Burkhardt, M.E. & Brass, D.J. (1990). "Changing Patterns or Patterns of Change: The Effects of a Change in Technology on Social Network Structure and Power," Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(3), pp. 104-127.
Campbell, D.J. (1988). "Task Complexity: A Review and Analysis," Academy Management Review, 13, pp. 40-52.
Campbell, D.T. & Fiske, D.W. (1959). "Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait, Multimethod Matrix," Psychological Bulletin, 56.
Campion, M.A., & Medsker, G.J.,& Higgs, A.C. (1993). "Relationships Between Work Group Characteristics and Effectiveness:Implications for Designing Effective Work Groups, " Personnel Psychology, 46, pp. 823-850.
Canfield, A.A. (1988). Canfield Learning Style Inventory Manual, Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
Cartwright, D. & Zander, A. (1968). Group dynamics: research and theory, 3rd, New York: Harper Collins.
Chin, W. W., Salisbury, WM. D., Pearson, A. W. & Stollak, M. J. (1999). "Perceived Cohesion in Small Groups: Adapting and Testing the Perceived Cohesion Scale in a Small-Group Setting, " Small Group Research, 30(6), 751-766.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A. (1995a). "Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Training for Computer Skills," Information Systems Research, 6(2), pp. 118- 143.
Compeau, D.R. & Higgins C.A. (1995b). "Computer Self-Efficacy: Development of a Measure and Initial Test," MIS Quarterly, 19(2), pp. 189-211.
Cronbach, L.J. (1951). "Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests," Psychometrika, 16(3), pp.297-333.
Dalton, D. W. , Hannafin, M. J., & Hooper, S. (1989). "Effects of Individual and Cooperative Computer-Assisted Instruction on Student Performance and Attitudes," Educational Technology Research and Development, 37(2), 15-24.
Deutsch, M. (1962). "Cooperation and Trust: Some Theoretical Notes, " In M. R. Jones (Ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, pp. 275-319
Dunn, R. & Dunn K. (1992). Teaching Elementary Students through Their Individual Learning Styles, Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Dunn, R. S. & Price, G.E. (1980), "The Learning Style Characteristics of Gifted Students, " Gifted Child Quarterly, 24(1), pp. 33-36.
Dunn,.R., & Dunn K.(1994). Teaching Young Children through Their Individual Learning Styles. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Earley, P.C.(1993). "East Meets West Meets Mideast: Further Explorations of Collectivistic and Individualistic Work Groups," Academy of Management Journal, 36, pp. 319-348.
Endler, N.S. and Magnusson, D. (1976). Interactional Psychology and Personality, Hemispere, Washington DC.
Entwistle, N. J. (1985). "Cognitive style and learning," International Encyclopedia of Education, 2, Pergamon Press.
Feldman, D. C. (1984). "The Development and Enforcement of Group Norms," Academy of Management Review, 9(1), pp. 47-53.
Gerbing, D.W. and Anderson, J.C. (1988). "An Update Paradigm for Scale Development Incorporating Unidimensionality and Its Assessment," Journal of Marketing Research, 25 pp. 186-192.
Gibson, C. B. (1999). "Do They do What They Believe They Can? Group Efficacy and Group Effectiveness across Tasks and Cultures," Academy of Management Journal, 42(2), pp. 138-152.
Gist M., (1989). "The Influence of Training Method and Trainee Age on Self Efficacy and Idea Generation among Managers", Personnel Psychology, 42.
Gist, M.E. (1987). "Self-Efficacy: Implications for Organizational Behavior and Resource Management," Academy of Management Review, 12(3), pp. 472-485.
Gladstein, D. L.(1984). "A Model of Task Group Effectiveness, " Administrative Science Quarterly, 29, pp. 499-517.
Glaster, R. (1981). "The Future of Testing: A Research Agenda for Cognitive Psychology and Psychometrics," American Psychologist, 36(9), pp. 923-936.
Goodman, P. S., Ravlin, E. C., & Schminke, M. (1990). "Understanding Groups in Organizations. " In L.L.Cummings & B.M.Sta(Eds.), Leadership, Participation, and Group Behavior, Greenwich,CT: JAI Press, pp. 323-385.
Gredler, M. E. (1992). Learning and Instruction: Theory Into Practice, 2nd ed., New York: Macmillan.
Gregorc, A.F. (1979), "Learning/Teaching Styles: Potent Forces behind Them, " Educational Leadership, 36(4), pp. 234-236.
Gregorc, A.F. (1982), An Adult’s Guide to Style, Maynard, MS: Gabrial Systems, Inc.
Holubec, E., Johnson, D., W., & Johnson, R. T. (1993). "Impact of Cooperative Learning on Naval Air Traffic Controller Training, " The Journal of Social Psychology, 133(3), pp.337-346.
Hooper, S., Temiyakarn, C., & Williams, M. D. (1993). "The Effects of Cooperative Learning and Learner Control on High- and Average-Ability Students, " Educational Technology Research and Development, 41(2), pp. 5-18.
Humphreys, B., Johsnson, R., & Johnson, D. W. (1982). "Effects of Cooperative, Competitive, and Individualistic Learning on Students’ Achievement in Science Class, " Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 19(5), pp. 351-356.
Janis, I. (1972). Victims of Groupthink, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1989). Cooperation and Competition: Theory and Research, Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company.
Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, F. P. (1997). Joining Together: Group Theory and Group Skills, 6th ed., Allyn & Bacon.
Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, R.T. (1994), Learning Together and Alone: Cooperative, Competitive and Individualistic Learning, 4th ed. Allyn and Bacon.
Kaiser, H. (1958). "The Varimax Criterion for Analytic Rotatin in Factor Analysis,” Psychometrika, 23, pp. 187-200.
Kavanagh, D. & Bower, G.H. (1985). "Mood and Self-Efficacy: Impact of Joy and Sadness on Perceived Capabilities," Cognitive Therapy and Research, 9, pp. 507-525.
Keefe, J, W. (1987). Learning Style Theory and Practices, Virginea: National Association of Secondary School Principals.
Keefe, J. W. (1982). "Assessing student learning style: An overview, " Student Learning Styles and Brain Behavior, Reston VA: NASSP.
Kinslow, J. (1995). "Internet Jones: An Educator’s Guide to Traveling on the Information Superhighway! " ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED, pp. 400-784.
Knowles, M. S. (1972). Introduction to Group Dynamics. N.Y.: Association Press.
Langfred, C. W. (1998). "Is Group Cohesiveness a Double-Edged Sword? An Investigation of the Effects of Cohesiveness on Performance, " Small Group Research, 29(1), pp. 124-143.
Lazarus, A. & Folkman, S. Stress, (1984). Appraisal, and Coping, Springer, New York.
Leuthold, H.J. (1999), "Is Computer-Based Learning Right for Everyone? " Proceedings of the 32nd HICSS, pp. 1-8.
Locke, E.A.& Latham, G.P. (1990). A Theory of Goal Setting & Task Performance, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Locke, E.A.& Latham, G.P.(1984). "Goal Setting:A Motivational Technique That Works, " Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall.
Locke, E.A.& Shaw, N.R.,& Saari, L.M., &Latham, G.P.(1981). "Goal Setting and Task Performance, " Psychological Bulletin, 90(1), pp. 125-152.
Martocchio, J.J. (1994). "Effects of Conceptions of Ability on Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Learning in Training," Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), pp. 819-825.
Mullen, B. & Cooper, C. (1994). "The Relation between Group Cohesiveness and Performance: An Integration," Psychological Bulletin, 115(2), pp. 210-227.
Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric Theory, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
Okebukola, P. A. (1986). "Cooperative Learning and Students’ Attitudes to Laboratory Work, " School Science and Mathematics, 86(7), pp. 582-590.
Okebukola, P. A., & Ogunniyi, M. B. (1984). "Cooperative, Competitive, and Individualistic Science Laboratory Interaction Patterns—Effects on Students’ Achievement and Acquisition of Practical Skills, " Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(9), pp. 875-884.
Park, I. H. (1993). "Cooperative Learning and Individual Learning with Computer Assisted Instruction in an Introductory University Level Chemistry Course, " Dissertation Abstracts International, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas at Austin, pp.54, 08A,
Riel M., & Harasim, L. (1994). "Research Perspectives on Network Learning, " Machine-mediated Learning, 4(2-3), pp. 91-113.
Sharan, S., & Sharan, Y. (1976). Small Group Teaching, Englewood, Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
Shaw, M. E. (1981). Group Dynamics: The Psychology of Small Group Behavior, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, pp. 168-177.
Shea, G. P., & Guzzo, R. A. (1987). "Groups as Human Resources, " In K. M. Rowland & G. R. Ferris (Eds.), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Greenwich, CT: JAI, 5, pp.323-356.
Sherman, L. W., & Thomas, M. (1986). "Mathematics Achievement in Cooperative versus Individualistic Goal-Structured High School Classrooms, " Journal of Educational Research, 79(3), pp. 169-172.
Silver, W.S., Mitchell, T.R., & Gist, M.E. (1995). "Responses to Successful and Unsuccessful Performance: The Moderating Effect of Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Performance and attribution," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 62(3), pp. 286-299.
Slavin, R. E. & Karweit, N. L. (1981). "Cognitive and Affective Outcomes of an Intensive Student Team Learning Experience, " Journal of Experimental Education, 50, pp. 29-35.
Slavin, R. E. (1981). "Synthesis of Research on Cooperative Learning, " Educational Leadership, 39(5), pp. 655-660.
Slavin, R. E. (1990). "Comprehensive Cooperative Learning Models: Embedding Cooperative Learning in the Curriculum and the School, " In Sharan, S. (ed.). Cooperative Learning: Theory and Research, pp. 261-284.
Spink, K. S. (1990). "Group Cohesion and Collective Efficacy of Volleyball Teams, " Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12, pp. 301-311.
Tobin, K., Kahle, J. B., & Fraser, B. J. (Eds.). (1990). Windows into Science Classrooms: Problems Associated with Higher-Level Cognitive Learning, London: Falmer Press.
Tubbs, M.E. (1986). "Goal Setting: A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Empirical Evidence, " Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), pp. 474-483.
Vasquez, B., Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1993). "Impact of Cooperative Learning on Naval Air Traffic Controller Training, " The Journal of Social Psychology, 133(6), pp. 769-783.
Webster, J. & Martocchio, J.J. (1992). "Microcomputer Playfulness: Development of a Measure with Workplace Implication," MIS Quarterly, pp. 201-226.
Wood, R. & Bandura, A. (1989a). "Impact of Conceptions of Ability on Self-Regulatory Mechanisms and Complex Decision Making," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(3), pp. 407-415.
Wood, R. & Bandura, A. (1989b). "Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management," Academy of Management Review, 14(3), pp. 361-384.
Wood, R.E. (1986). "Task Complexity: Definition of the Construct," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 37, pp. 60-82.
Zaccaro, S.J., Blair, J., Peterson, C., & Zazanis, M. (1995). "Collective efficacy, " In J. E. Maddux (Ed.), Self-efficacy, Adaptation, and Adjustment, New York: Plenum, pp. 305-328.
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內立即公開,校外一年後公開 off campus withheld
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code