由於資訊革命、顧客需求以及新型態的跨組織關係的出現，企業為了增加全球競爭力，將供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management)視為非常重要的議題之一。供應鏈連結了從原料到最終消費者之間的生產與供給流程等各項要素，其所重視的不僅是功能性的連結，亦著重於內部的流通，因此非常注重供應鏈成員間的資訊分享(Information Sharing)。本研究特別以供應鏈的資訊分享為主題，進行探索性的研究，首先藉由文獻探討與整理將資訊分享的種類分成三個層級(作業資訊層、管理資訊層及策略資訊層)，並以多個案研究的方式深入訪談國內企業，比較在各種不同因素影響以及不同企業需求下所適用的資訊分享層級。研究結果顯示，供應鏈整合，成功的條件之一便是資訊的共通與一致，而產品型態、製造方式、交易成本、夥伴關係以及企業對資訊科技的應用等皆為影響資訊分享層級的因素。當公司產品為功能型產品、製造方式為計劃生產、交易方式為市場時，資訊分享會傾向層級較低的作業資訊層；反之，當公司產品為創新型產品、製造方式為裝配生產或接單生產、交易方式為層級時，資訊分享會傾向層級較高的管理資訊層及策略資訊層。此外，夥伴關係以及資訊科技的應用也是企業間資訊分享的間接影響因素，企業應依據本身的狀況，審慎思考上述所有相關的影響因素，做為實施供應鏈管理時之參考，以提高供應鏈整合成功之機率。

目 錄

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 研究流程 4
1.4 論文架構 5

第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 供應鏈管理的定義 6
2.1.1 供應鏈管理的起源 6
2.1.2 供應鏈管理的定義 8
2.2 產品型態 13
2.3 製造型態 15
2.4 組織間合作關係 18
2.4.1 信任 (Trust) 18
2.4.2 承諾 (Commitment) 20
2.4.3 權力 (Power) 22
2.5 交易成本理論 24
2.6 資訊科技的應用 28
2.6.1 跨組織資訊系統 29
2.6.2 目前資訊科技的應用 31
2.7 資訊分享 33
2.8 國內發展現況 39

第三章 研究方法 41
3.1 研究變數 41
3.2 研究設計 46
3.3 個案選擇 47
3.4 研究範圍 47

第四章 個案探討 48
4.1 F個案公司 48
4.2 N個案公司 53
4.3 I個案公司 59
4.4 U個案公司 65

第五章 命題建構 70
5.1 多個案分析 70
5.2 研究命題 78

第六章 結論與建議 89
6.1 研究結果 89
6.2 後續研究建議 91

參考文獻 92
中文部分 92
英文部分 93

中文部分
尤克強，“整合物流管理系統—模式與策略”，物流管理系列研討會論文集，中華民國管理科學學會，民國83年，pp. 10-21。
王立志，“系統化運籌與供應鏈管理”，滄海書局，民國88年 初版。
王慈，“企業實施效率化消費者品應(ECR)之因素與效果—探索性研究”，淡江大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文，民國86年。
宋柏庚，“有效率的物流配送連續補貨系統案例”，網際網路商業應用計畫，經濟部商業司，民國88年。
李青芬、李雅婷、趙慕芬譯, Stephen P. Robbins原著, “組織行為學”，華泰書局，民國84年 五版。
李啟彰，“供應鏈管理概念模式建構研究—DRP�MRP II之整合資訊策略”，國立台灣大學工業工程研究所碩士論文，民國84年。
林姜汶，“應商與製造商間品質模式之研究”，國立成功大學工業工程管理研究所碩士論文，民國86年。
祝堅志，“資訊網路應用對供應鏈管理影響之探討—以零售服務業為例”，元智大學管理科學研究所碩士論文，民國86年。
莊德源，“MRP系統與JIT系統整合模型之運用－以個案公司為例”，國立中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國86年。
陳大誠，“跨組織資訊系統採用模式的研究－以臺灣製造業為例”，國立政治大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文，民國87年。
陳俞君、楊素真譯，Jordan D. Lewis原著，“透視策略聯盟”，遠流出版事業股份有限公司，民國86年 初版。
陳景森，“由製造業資訊技術應用現況探討引進QR之評估研究”，國立台灣科技大學管理技術研究所碩士論文，民國86年。
陳楷昕，“物流供應及時化作業系統(LOSJITOS)之規劃模式與架構研究”，國立台灣大學工業工程研究所碩士論文，民國84年。
瞿紹美，“跨組織資訊系統對行銷通路成員權力關係之影響：探索性研究”，國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國82年。
魏志強，“1999年電子商務的發展”，網際網路商業應用計畫，經濟部商業司，民國88年。

英文部分
Andaleeb, S. S., “An Experimental Investigation of Satisfaction and Commitment in Marketing Channels：The Role of Trust and Dependence”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 72, Iss. 1, 1996, pp.77-93.
Anderson, J. C., and Narus, J. A., “A Model of Distributor Firm and Manufacturer Firm Working Partnership”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, Iss. 1, Jan 1990, pp. 42-58.
Beamon, B. M., “Supply Chain Design & Analysis: Models & Methods”, International Journal of Production Economics, No. 55, 1998, pp. 281-294.
Beamon, B. M., “Supply Chain Design and Analysis：Models and Methods”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 55, Iss. 3, Aug 1998, pp. 281-294.
Benbasat, I., Goldstein, D. K., and Mead, M., “The Case Research Strategy in Studies of Information Systems”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 11, Iss. 3, Sep 1987, pp. 369-386.
Benjamin, R. I., D. W. de Long and Morton, M. S., “Electronic Data Interchange：How Much Competitive Advantage? ”, Long Range Planning, Vol. 23, No. 1, 1990, pp. 29-40.
Bowersox, D. J., and Closs, D. J., “Logistical Management：The Integrated Supply Chain Process”, McGraw Hill, New York, 1996.
Bruce, M. and Moger, S. T., “Dangerous Liaisons: An Application of Supply Chain Modeling for Studying Innovation within the UK Clothing Industry”, Technology Analysis & Strategy Management, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1999, pp. 113-125.
Burnes, B., New, S., “Understanding Supply Chain Improvement”, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, Vol. 2, Iss. 1, 1996, pp. 21-30.
Buzzle, R. D., and Ortmeyer, G., “Channel Partnerships Streamline Distribution”, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 36, Iss. 3, Spring 1995, pp. 85-96.
Carter, J. R., and Ferrin, B. G., “The Impact of Transportation Costs on Supply Chain Management”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 16, Iss. 1, 1995, pp. 189-212.
Cash, J. I. and Konsynski, B. R., “IS Redraws Competitive Boundaries”, Harvard Business Review, Mar-Apr 1985, pp. 134-142.
Choudhury, V., “Strategic Choices in the Development of Interorganizational Information Systems”, Information Systems Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 1997, pp. 1-24.
Cooper, M. C. and Ellram, L. M., “Characteristics of Supply Chain Management and the Implications for Purchasing and Logistics Strategy”, The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 42, 1993, pp. 13-24.
Cummings, T., “Transorganizational Development”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 6, 1984, pp. 367-422.
Dwyer, F. R., Schurr, P. H., and Oh, S., “Developing Buyer–Seller Relationship”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 51, Iss. 2, Apr 1987, pp. 11-27.
El-Ansary, A. I., and Stern, L. W., “Power Measurement in the Distribution Channel”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 9, Iss. 1, Feb 1972, pp. 47-52.
Ellram, L. M., “Supply Chain Management：The Industrial Organisation Perspective”, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 21, Iss. 1, 1991, pp. 13-22.
Ellram, L. M., “The Use of the Case Study Method in Logistics Research”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 17, Iss. 2, 1996, pp. 93-138.
Ellram, L. M., Londe, B. J., and Weber, M. M. “Retail Logistics”, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, Vol. 19, Iss. 12, 1989, pp. 29-39.
Fernie, J., “International Comparisons of Supply Chain Management in Grocery Retailing”, The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15, Iss. 4, Oct 1995, pp. 134-147.
Fernie, J., “International Comparisons of Supply Chain Management in Grocery Retailing”, The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15, Iss. 4, Oct 1995, pp. 134-147.
Fisher, M. L., “What Is The Right Supply Chain for Your Product? ”, Harvard Business Review, March-April 1997, pp. 92-106.
Ganesan, S., “Determinants of Long–Term Orientation in Buyer–Seller Relationships”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58, Iss. 2, Apr 1994, pp. 1-19.
Gattorna, J.L., “Strategic Supply Chain Alignment”, Gower Publishing Limited, 1st ed., 1998.
Gentry, J. J., “The Role of Carriers in Buyer–Supplier Strategic Partnerships：A Supply Chain Management Approach”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 17, Iss. 2, 1996, pp. 35-55.
Gundlach, G. T., Achrol, R. S., and Mentzer, J. T., “The Structure of Commitment in Exchange”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 59, Iss. 1, Jan 1995, pp. 78-92.
Handfield, R. B., and Nichols, E. L., “Introduction to Supply Chain Management”, Prentice-Hall Internation Editions, 1999.
Harrigan, K. R., “Joint Ventures and Competitive Strategy”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 9, 1988, pp. 471-483.
Holland, C. P., “Cooperative Supply Chain Management：The Impact of Interorganizational Information Systems”, Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 4, Iss. 2, 1995, pp. 117-133.
Houlihan, J. B., “International Supply Chain Management”, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, Vol. 15, Iss. 1, 1985, pp. 22-38.
Johnson, J. C., and Wood, D. F., “Contemporary Logistics”, Prentice-Hall Internation Editions, 6th Ed, New York, 1996.
Johnston, R., and Lawrence, P. R., “Beyond Vertical Integration—The Rise of the Value-Adding Partnership”, Harvard Business Review, July-August 1988, pp. 94-101.
Kalakota, R. and Whinston, A. B., Frontiers of Electronic Commerce, Addison -Wesley Publishing, 1996.
Konsynski, B. R., “Strategic Control in The Extended Enterprise”, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 32, 1993, pp. 111-142.
Konsynski, B. R., and McFarlan, F., “Information Partnerships–Shared Data, Shared Scale”, Harvard Business Review, Sep-Oct 1990, pp. 114-120.
Kumar, K., and Dissel, H. G., “Sustainable Collaboration：Managing Conflict and Cooperation in Interorganizational Systems”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 20, Iss. 3, Sep 1996. pp.279-300.
Kumar, N., “The Power of Trust in Manufacturer–Retailer Relationships”, Harvard Business Review, Nov-Dec 1996, pp. 92-106.
Kumar, N., Scheer, L. K., and Steenkamp, J. E. M., “The Effect of Perceived Interdependence on Dealer Attitudes”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 32, Iss. 3, Aug 1995, pp. 348-356.
Kurt Salmon Associates, “Impact of QR to top $100 billion”, Chain Store Age, Vol. 73, Iss. 5, May 1997, pp. 230-231.
Lambert, D. M., and Cooper, M. C., “Issues in Supply Chain Management”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 29, Iss. 1, Jan 2000, pp. 65-83.
Lee, H. L., and Billington, C., “Supply Chain Management：Pitfalls and Opportunities”, Sloan Management Review, spring 1992, pp. 65-73.
Lee, H. L., and Sasser, M. M., “Product Universality and Design for Supply Chain Management”, Production Planning and Control, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1995, pp. 270-277.
Lee, H. L., Padmanabhan, V., Whang, S., “Information Distortion in a Supply Chain： The Bullwhip Effect”, Management Science, Vol. 43, Iss. 4, 1997, pp. 546-558.
Lee, H. L., Padmanabhan, V., Whang, S., “The Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains”, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 38, Iss. 3, 1997, pp. 93-102.
Lin, F. R., and Shaw, M. J., “Reengineering the Order Fulfillment Process in Supply Chain Networks”, International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Vol. 10, Iss. 3, 1998, pp. 197-230.
Malone, T. W., Yates, J., and Benjamin, R. I., “Electronic Markets and Electronic Hierarchies”, Communication of the ACM, Vol. 30, No. 6, 1987, pp. 484-497.
Malone, T. W., Yates, J., and Benjamin, R. I., “The Logic of Electronic Markets”, Harvard Business Review, May-June 1989, pp. 166-170.
McFarlan, F. W., McKenny, J. L., and Pyburn, P. J., “The Information Archipelago - Plotting a Course”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 61, Iss. 1, 1983, pp. 145-156.
Meier, J., “The Importance of Relationship Management in Establishing Successful Interorganizational Systems”, Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 4, Iss. 2, 1995, pp. 135-148.
Mohr, J., and Spekman, R., “Characteristics of Partnership Success：Partnership Attributes, Communication Behavior, and Conflict Resolution Techniques”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 5, 1994, pp. 135-152.
Moorman, C., Zaltman, G., and Deshpande, R., “Relationships Between Providers and Users of Market Research”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 29, Iss. 3, Aug 1992, pp. 314-328.
Morgan, R. M., and Hunt, S. D., “The Commitment–Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58, July 1994, pp. 20-38.
Murphy, P. R., and Daley, J., “International Freight Forwarder Perspectives on Electronic Data Interchange and Information Management Issue”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 17, No. 1, 1996, pp. 63-84.
Nooteboom, B., “Firm Size Effects on Transaction Costs”, Small Business Economics, Vol. 5, Iss. 4, Dec 1993, pp. 283-295.
Norek, C. D., “Mass Merchant Discounters：Drivers of Logistics Change”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 18, Iss. 1, 1997, pp. 1-18.
Norek, C. D., “Mass Merchant Discounters：Drivers of Logistics Change”, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 18, Iss. 1, 1997, pp. 1-18.
Poirier, C. C. and Reiter, S. E., “Supply Chain Optimization: Building the Strongest Total Business Network”, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., 1st ed., 1996.
Porter, L., Mowday, R., and Boulian, P., “Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Among Psychiatric Technicians”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 9, 1974, pp. 603-609.
Premkumar, G. and Ramamurthy, K., “The Role of Interorganizational and Organizational Factors on the Decision Mode for Adoption of Interorganizational System”, Decision Science, Vol. 26, No. 3, 1995, pp. 303-336.
Prida, B., and Gutirrez, G., “Supply Management：From Purchasing to External Factory Management”, Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 37, Iss. 4, 1996, pp. 38-43.
Riordan, M. H., and Williamson, O. E., “Asset Specificity and Economic Organization”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 3, Iss. 4, Dec 1985, pp. 365-378.
Ross, D. F., “Competing Through Supply Chain Management：Creating Market– Winning Strategies through Supply Chain Partnerships”, Chapman & Hall, 1998.
Schurr, P. H., and Ozanne, J. L., “Influences on Exchange Processes：Buyers' Preconceptions of a Seller's Trustworthiness and Bargaining Toughness”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 11, Iss. 4, Mar 1985, pp. 939-953.
Seidmann, A. and Sundararajan, A., “Sharing Logistics Information Across Organziations：Technology, Competition and Contracting”, Chris F. Kemerer (Ed.), Information Technology and Industrial Competitiveness：How IT Shapes Competition, 1998, pp. 107-136.
Supply Chain Council, “Overview of the SCOR Model”, 1998 http://www.supply-chain.org/.
Thomas, D. J., and Griffin, P. M., “Coordinated Supply Chain Management”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 94, Iss. 1, Oct 1996, pp. 1-15.
Wigand, R. T., “Electronic Commerce：Definition, Theory, and Context”, Information Society, Vol. 13, Iss. 1, Jan-Mar 1997, pp. 1-16.
Wilkinson, I. F., “Researching the Distribution Channels for Consumer and Industrial Goods–The Power Dimension”, Journal of the Market Research Society, Vol. 16, Iss. 1, Jan 1974, pp. 12-32.
Williamson, O. E., “Market and Hierarchies：Analysis and Antitrust Implications”, New York：The Free Press, 1975.
Yin, R. K., “Case Study Research：Design and Methods”, SAGE Publications, New York, 1994.