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博碩士論文 etd-0801106-120049 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0801106-120049
論文名稱
Title
在SIP-VoIP網路上提供適應性RTP速率控制的Ad-Hoc閘道器
An Ad-Hoc Gateway for Adaptive RTP Rate control in SIP-VoIP Networks
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
61
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2006-07-27
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2006-08-01
關鍵字
Keywords
速率控制、即時資料流
RTP, Ad Hoc, Linux, Gateway, Rate control, QoS, SIP
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5644 次,被下載 15
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5644 times, has been downloaded 15 times.
中文摘要
目前多媒體資料流在無線網路上大多使用UDP和RTP傳輸,採用單一速率在傳送,對這些即時性資料流而言,延遲和封包遺失是相當嚴重的問題,然而壅塞的發生造成了封包延遲的增加或者封包被丟棄,干擾情形則使封包數據錯誤而被丟棄,這些都會使即時應用程式品質降低,所以本論文提出動態改變RTP速率的調整機制,利用Ad Hoc閘道器統計局部的RTP封包傳輸情形,並定時將統計的資料回報給發送端,另外接收端也會定時回報整體RTP封包傳輸情形,當發送端收到這兩份報告時,便能區分出封包遺失是在有線網路還是無線網路,確定封包遺失可能的原因,再根據RTT變化的觀察,從可能的原因中,判斷是壅塞還是干擾所造成,最後利用具有多種EBR (Encoding Bit Rate)的編碼器,調整EBR等級,藉此達到RTP速率控制的目的,以適應目前網路環境。
我們在Linux平台上先實作了Ad Hoc網路接上有線網路的環境,然後利用一些套件寫出包含多種EBR的SIP-Phone,最後將本論文提出的機制加入套件以及Linux核心原始碼中,以實驗結果證明我們提出的機制能夠舒緩壅塞狀況,並且針對干擾以增加資料傳輸量提升多媒體資料的服務品質。
Abstract
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol), using fixed bit rate to convey data every time period, are the most pervasive transport protocols for multimedia traffic in communications networks. However, unexpected packet delay/jitter may occur when network becomes congested or channel interference remains unresolved. To reduce packet delay and packet loss for real-time traffic in a hybrid network from wired to wireless ad-hoc, this thesis presents RTP rate control with an ad-hoc gateway to dynamically adjust the transmission rate according to network conditions. With the proposed scheme, a source node can distinguish the two network conditions, congestion and interference, by monitoring RTCP (RTP control protocol) packets regularly reported from destination nodes and the associated ad-hoc gateway. Based on the RTCP reports, a sender node can dynamically change its encoding bit rate to improve the quality of real-time traffic.
For the purpose of demonstration, we implement the proposed adaptive rate control scheme on a Linux platform for SIP-phone communications. The experimental results have shown that our proposed scheme not only relieves traffic congestion but also increases the number of received data even in the case of severe channel interference.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 導論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究方向與實作 2
1.3 章節介紹 3
第二章 SIP-VOIP 與RTP 速率控制的相關研究 4
2.1 SIP-VOIP 4
2.1.1 簡介 6
2.2 RTP 速率控制機制 7
2.2.1 選擇不同的EBR 做速率控制 7
2.2.2 TCP-friendly 速率控制 9
2.3 調整EBR 的速率控制機制比較 11
2.4 本論文的RTP 速率控制機制 12
第三章 RTP 速率控制的AD HOC閘道器 13
3.1 RTP 速率控制 13
3.2 機制流程及演算法 14
3.2.1 Ad Hoc 閘道器運作流程 14
3.2.2 Ad Hoc 閘道器演算法 15
3.2.3 使用者端運作流程 19
3.2.4 使用者端演算法 21
第四章 LINUX 上的實作與實驗結果 23
4.1 實驗拓樸與設備 23
4.2 IPV6-SIP-PHONE 24
4.3 RTP 資料流與回應RTCP 報告 27
4.4 EBR 等級的調整 30
4.5 JITTER 的控制 32
4.6 實驗環境設定 34
4.6.1 實驗一:無壅塞僅有干擾的無線網路 34
4.6.2 實驗二:同時有壅塞及干擾的無線網路 35
4.7 實驗結果與分析 35
4.7.1 僅有干擾的無線網路的實驗 35
4.7.2 同時有壅塞及干擾的無線網路的實驗 38
第五章 結論與未來工作的方向 41
5.1 結論 41
5.2 未來工作 42
REFERENCES 43
索引 46
附錄 49
參考文獻 References
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[8] Whai-En Chen, Chia-Yung Su, and Yi-Bing Lin, “NCTU SLT: a socket-layer translator for IPv4-IPv6 translation,” IEEE Communications Letters, Volume 9, Issue 10, pp.865 – 867, Oct. 2005
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44
[15] M. Handley, S. Floyd, J. Padhye, and J. Widmer, “TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC): Protocol Specification,” RFC 3448, Jan. 203
[16] Cheng Wanxiang and Lei Zhenming, “An modified RTP adaptive algorithm,” International Conferences on Info-tech and Info-net, Beijing, China, Volume 2, pp.33 – 38, Oct. 2001
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[22] Jean-Marc Valin “Speex version 1.1.11,” http://www.speex.org/, Nov 2005
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