艾曼紐．巴赫（Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, 1714-1788）於一七五三年與一七六二年出版的《論彈奏鍵盤樂器的藝術》（Versuch über die wahre Art das Clavier zu spielen），是關於十八世紀中期鍵盤樂器演奏法極重要的文獻，本書的出版亦使他被公認為十八世紀最重要的音樂教師。其論述的最後一章即以即興（Improvisation）作為標題，詳述「自由幻想曲」（Freie Fantasia）的概念，並記載了給學習者於彈奏幻想曲時的建議。他特別指出，自由幻想曲是於創作與彈奏上擁有高度自由、可以跟隨自己想法表達情緒、盡情演奏的作品。
本文除了前言與結論之外，共分為三個部分。第一部分探討十八世紀以前幻想曲的發展歷史，探究從十六世紀至十八世紀幻想曲的風格演變及創作手法。第二部分則是針對艾曼紐的生平、創作風格與即興手法做介紹，探討他如何在幻想曲作品中應用這些技巧。第三部分是本文的重心，先介紹「自由幻想曲」的定義，再探討父親《D小調半音階幻想曲》對艾曼紐的影響，最後是對將自由幻想曲的特性一一闡述，其中包含宣敘式風格、自由的節拍與架構、炫技的片段、大膽的轉調手法、以及對比素材的安排，並輔以譜例說明。

Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788) published his Versuch über die wahre Art das Clavier zu spielen in 1753 and 1762. It was the most important essay on keyboard performance practice of the mid-eighteenth century. The publication of this book also made C. P. E. Bach the most influential keyboard pedagogue of the eighteenth century. The last chapter of the Versüch, titled “Improvisation”, explains his concepts of “Freie Fantasia” and provides suggestions for performing the fantasia.
C. P. E. Bach points out that Freie Fantasia is a kind of composition in which the performer has much freedom for improvising and for expressing his emotion.
This thesis is divided into three sections, excluding the introduction and the conclusion. The first section discusses the development of the fantasia before the eighteenth century. It explores the change of styles and compositional technique of the fantasia from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. The second part includes an introduction of the life of C. P. E. Bach, his style of composition, technique of improvisation and how he applies his improvisational techniques in his fantasia. The third part provides the definition of “Freie Fantasia”, discusses the influences of J. S. Bach’s Chromatic Fantasia and Fugue in D Minor on him, and elaborates on the characteristics of the Freie Fantasia, including the recitative style, meter-free and formal structure, virtuosic passages, bold modulations, and the use of contrasting materials. Examples are also provided in this part.

中文摘要............................................................................і
Abstract............................................................................ ii
目錄....................................................................................iii

前言...................................................................................1

十八世紀以前之幻想曲發展歷史概述...........................3

關於艾曼紐．巴赫...........................................................9
艾曼紐．巴赫生平簡介...................................................9
艾曼紐的創作風格...........................................................9
艾曼紐的即興.................................................................11

自由幻想曲.....................................................................16
薩巴斯騫．巴赫對艾曼紐．巴赫幻想曲之影響.........17
艾曼紐的自由幻想曲.....................................................26

結論 ................................................................................43

參考書目 ........................................................................45

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