本研究係藉由濁水溪南孔及北孔岩心中有孔蟲數量、種屬分佈、粗顆粒含量及 AMS C14 定年等結果，配合群落分析及多樣性指標等客觀的統計方式，進行有孔蟲種屬的分類，並討論有孔蟲殼質結構三相圖、浮游性有孔蟲含量以及優勢種的特性，藉著推論濁水溪口過去30000 年來沉積環境的變化。30000 至 12000 年前之間的層序沒有發現有孔蟲，推測南孔及北孔岩心層序為陸相環境。12000 至 8000 年前，南孔岩心還沒發現有孔蟲，位置仍屬於陸相沉積環境；北孔岩心在12000 至 9000 年前之間的沉積物中有底棲性有孔蟲殼體，經群落分析推論為內陸棚環境；9000 至 8000 年前之間的層序則是受淡水影響的內
陸棚環境。8000 至 6000 年前，南孔岩心由有孔蟲分析結果推估為內至中陸棚環境；而北孔岩心由有孔蟲推測為逐漸由深變淺的內陸棚環境。6000 至 3000 年前之間層序的有孔蟲分析結果皆指示為水深小於 40 公尺的內陸棚環境；北孔岩心有孔蟲數量稀少代表沉積環境淺化，逐漸
進入陸相環境。南孔岩心的有孔蟲分析指出 3000 年前到現今南孔水深最淺的內陸棚環境，並在最近的 2000 年逐漸進入陸相環境；北孔岩心此時已經完全進入陸相環境。

Two drilled cores were collected from the Jhuoshuei River delta for this study, which is focused on the analyses of sedimentological, statistical analysis, AMS C14 dating and paleoenvironment interpretation based on the benthic foraminiferal fossils. Foraminiferal shell do not exist between 30000 and 12000 yr B.P., indicating the environment of this sections might be terrestrial. Between 12000 and 8000 yr B.P., the southern core do not have traces of foraminifera, suggesting the deposition site was terrestrial. The northern core contains the benthic foraminiferal shell between 12000 and 9000 yr B.P. The foraminiferal assemblage indicates the sedimentation might be a inner shelf like enviroment. An estuarine like environment was suggested between 9000 and 8000 yr B.P.. Between 8000 and 6000 yr B.P., foraminiferal cluster analysis indicates a middle to inner shelf environment at the southern core site; a inner shelf at the northern core. From 6000 to 3000 yr B.P., foraminiferal cluster analysis indicates a inner shelf at the south core while northern core foraminifera became fewer and the environment gradually changing to terrestrial facies. From 3000 yr B.P. upwards, foraminiferal cluster analysis indicates a shallower inner shelf at the southern core. From 2000 yr B.P. to today, the southern core changed to terrestrial.

目錄
致謝 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 .vi
表目錄 viii
壹、緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 台灣底棲有孔蟲的研究 4
1-3 研究目的 6
貳、研究區域 7
2-1 地理位置及氣候 7
2-2 流域地質概述 8
2-2 海岸作用 10
參、材料與方法 12
3-1 研究材料 12
3-2 分析方法 13
3-2-1 粗顆粒含量分析(>63μm) 14
3-2-2 有孔蟲種屬鑑定及數量計算 14
3-2-3 AMS定年 15
3-2-4 統計方法 15
肆、實驗結果 19
4-1 定年資料、有孔蟲數量分佈及粗顆粒含量 19
4-2 底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬分佈 26
4-3 群落分析(Cluster analysis) 30
4-4 多樣性指標 36
伍、討論.40
5-1 殼體型態分類 40
5-2 浮游性有孔蟲含量 42
5-3 底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬的特性 46
5-4 底棲性有孔蟲群落組合的特徵含 51
5-5 濁水溪沉積環境的時序變化 54
陸、結論 62
柒、參考文獻 63
附錄、底棲性有孔蟲圖鑑 71
圖目錄
圖 1-1 底棲性有孔蟲殼質百分比與沉積環境關係圖 4
圖 2-1 濁水溪流域圖 7
圖 2-2 濁水溪流域地形 9
圖 2-3 潮汐和波浪及地形的相對能量影響圖 11
圖 3-1 研究工作流程圖 13
圖 3-2 四種有孔蟲數量的多樣性指標計算 18
圖 4-1 南孔岩心 AMS 定年分析結果 20
圖 4-2 南孔岩心有孔蟲數量分佈及粗顆粒含量百分比 21
圖 4-3 北孔岩心 AMS 定年分析結果 24
圖 4-4 北孔岩心有孔蟲數量分佈及粗顆粒含量百分比 25
圖 4-5a 南孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬含量百分比隨岩心高程之變化 27
圖 4-5b 南孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬含量百分比隨岩心高程之變化 28
圖 4-6a 北孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬含量百分比隨岩心高程之變化 31
圖 4-6b 北孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲優勢種屬含量百分比隨岩心高程之變化 32
圖 4-7 南孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲群落分析結果 34
圖 4-8 北孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲群落分析結果 35
圖 4-9 南孔岩心多樣性指標分析結果 37
圖 4-10 北孔岩心多樣性指標分析結果 38
圖 5-1 南孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲的殼體型態含量三相圖 41
圖 5-2 北孔岩心底棲性有孔蟲的殼體型態含量三相圖 43
圖 5-3 南孔及北孔岩心浮游性含量與岩心高程之變化 44
圖 5-4 澎湖地區一萬年來海水變化曲線圖以及中國大陸東岸全新世海水變化曲線圖 57
圖 5-5 濁水溪扇洲之全新世古海岸線變遷 58
圖 5-6 南孔及北孔岩心年代時間與群落分佈之關係 59
表目錄
表 3-1 岩心採樣紀錄 12
表 5-1 陸棚環境浮游性與底棲性有孔蟲百分比之分類 45
表 5-2 優勢屬的生態環境 50
表 5-3 台灣西南海域及東海優勢底棲性有孔蟲所對應的生態環境 51
表 5-4 南孔岩心群落組合所代表的沉積環境 52
表 5-5 北孔岩心群落組合所代表的沉積環境 52
表 5-6 南孔岩心群落組合所對應之年代 56
表 5-7 北孔岩心群落組合所對應之年代 56

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