世界各地目前都面臨高齡化社會的問題，過去幾年高齡人口增加速度不斷的變化，未來十幾年內也不會減緩，故在高齡人口比例不斷增加的狀況下，高齡者的權益越來越受到重視。本研究特別針對高齡者生活常見問題中的「從坐姿到站起(Sit-to-Stand)」來探討，藉由攝像量測法來瞭解人體起立的動作，並藉由量測地面正向力與受試者感受來驗證目前常使用的輔助策略，提出問題並加以改良，最後提出新式輔助策略，增加所設計的新型輔具安全性。
本研究基於所發想的新型輔助方法，在觀察專利之後，設定設計目標，並將目標分成子目標，再由子目標得到子解答。之後再利用電腦輔助分析其結構安全性，並採用最佳化方法來得到驅動器的位置。本研究在最後製做出一實驗機，並藉由實體量測，來了解使用者感受與驗證新式輔助方法的可行性。

There are more and more countries facing the problem of aging population society, and the ratio of elder population keeps increasing recently. As a result, it’s necessary to pay more attention to the rights of elder people. The research focuses on issue “ Sit-to-Stand”, which is common problem to elder people. The research uses videotape analysis method to realize the action of standing up, and examines auxiliary strategy, which is used nowadays, by measuring ground reaction vertical forces and subjects' perception. Then the research addresses the problem with old strategy and modifies it. Finally, the research proposes new auxiliary strategy, which is much safer when using newly designed Assistive device.
Based on new auxiliary strategy, the research determines the designed goal after reviewing related patterns, and acquires solutions from two sub-goals, which are segmented from the designed goal. Then the research analyzes structural safety by using computer, and uses optimal method to derive actuator’s location. The research manufactures a test machine, and examines the theory of new auxiliary strategy by measuring users’ perception of usability.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章緒論1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.1 人口老化的社會 1
1.1.2 身體機能退化 4
1.1.3 高齡者的生活困難 5
1.1.4 部分殘疾人士的需求 5
1.1.5 輔具的類別 6
1.1.6 現有的升降輔具 7
1.2 研究目的 8
1.3 研究範圍與架構 9
第二章文獻回顧與專利分析 11
2.1 文獻回顧 11
2.1.1 高齡者相關研究 11
2.1.2 從坐姿到站起Sit-to-Stand(STS) 12
2.1.3 座椅的設計 13
2.2 現有相似功能專利 16
2.2.1 美國專利 17
2.2.2 中國與台灣專利 20
2.2.3 專利功能與形式整理 22
2.2.4 產品規格與輔助策略探討 24
第三章動作研究與測量 25
3.1 起立動作研究 25
3.1.1 研究方法、器材與流程 25
3.1.2 研究結果與討論 27
3.2 椅面高度與傾斜角的影響 29
3.2.1 研究方法、器材與流程 30
3.2.2 研究結果與討論 32
3.3 實驗結論與討論 36
3.4 策略改進方案 38
3.5 設計方法 40
第四章新型設計 41
4.1 設計目標與流程 41
4.1.1 設計目標 41
4.1.2 設計流程 45
4.2 扶手機構設計 46
4.2.1 現有機構與設計條件探討 46
4.2.2 剪式機構 48
4.2.3 機構的改良 50
4.2.4 升降椅座 51
4.2.5 初步設計 55
4.3 應力與應變分析 59
4.3.1 材料選擇 59
4.3.2 應變與應力分析 63
4.3.3 問題討論 68
4.4 安全性補強與固定裝置 70
4.4.1 設計限制與條件 70
4.4.2 H 型結構補強與終端位置固定 71
4.4.3 應力分析 75
4.5 驅動元件 78
4.5.1 驅動器的種類與選擇 78
4.5.2 最佳化位置探討與限制條件 80
4.5.3 最佳化方法 85
4.5.4 最佳化驅動器位置 87
4.6 最終設計與分析 90
4.6.1 人體模型與動作分析 90
4.6.2 最終設計與實體實驗機製作 93
第五章結論與建議 96
5.1 實體測量與體驗結果 96
5.1.1 受試者體驗與建議 96
5.1.2 輔助效用與體驗數據分析 99
5.2 結論 101
5.3 建議 102
參考文獻 103
附錄 108
附件一、椅座角度變化實驗 109
附件二、新型實驗機體驗實驗 110
附件三、新型輔助站立輔具左視圖與前視圖 111
附件四、新型輔助站立輔具上視圖與等角視圖 112

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