本篇論文主要是探討與研製單級返馳式轉換器之功因修正電路，首先針對轉換器電感電流操作在三種工作模式下提出不同的功因修正法則。在連續模式下採用非線性載波控制，而不連續模式與邊界模式分別採用電壓追隨方式控制以及暫態模式控制。就轉換器分析上引用狀態空間平均
法、LFR 法、雙時間尺度平均化法及CIECA 等不同的分析工具，推導出其系統之小信號數學模式與等效電路，且加以驗證比較其模型的正確性。此外控制函數與元件設計利用模擬實現，在根據時域和頻域的分析結果，設計出PI 控制器以達到良好功率因數。最後製作三種不同硬體電路，再依據實測結果與理論模擬作驗證分析。

This thesis mainly presents the design and
implementation of a flyback converter with single-stage power factor correction. In the beginning, we propose different power factor collection (PFC) techniques referring to the inductor current of converter under three kinds of operation modes. In the continuous mode, we adopt the nonlinear-carrier control (NLC). Then, in the discontinuous mode and boundary mode, voltage-follower control (VFC) and transition mode technique control (TM) are adopted respectively. As to the converter analysis, we derive and verify the results of a small-signal model and perform equivalent circuit analysis by state-space averaging method, loss-free resistor (LFR) model, averaging method for two-time-scale system (AM), and current injected equivalent circuit approach (CIECA). Results derived from the above-mentioned models are compared and verified to be accurate of the system model. Furthermore, the control function and element design are implemented by simulation. We perform a PI controller to achieve better power factor based on results of analysis of the time and frequency domains analysis. Finally, three sets of different hardware are fabricated and verified depending on measured result and theoretical simulation.

目錄
中文摘要........................................................................................................................I
英文摘要...................................................................................................................... II
目錄............................................................................................................................ III
圖目錄.........................................................................................................................VI
表目錄......................................................................................................................XVI
第一章 緒論................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究動機與目的.................................................................................................... 1
1.2 研究流程................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 相關論文回顧........................................................................................................ 3
1.4 論文架構................................................................................................................ 4
第二章 功率因數修正原理分析................................................................................. 6
2.1 功率因數的定義.................................................................................................... 6
2.2 單相功率因數修正電路簡介................................................................................ 8
2.2.1 橋式整流電路................................................................................................. 8
2.2.2 多種功因修正控制法分類........................................................................... 10
第三章 單級返馳式轉換器分析與設計以及變壓器製作....................................... 17
3.1 返馳式轉換器電路原理...................................................................................... 17
3.2 返馳式變壓器設計.............................................................................................. 21
第四章 非線性載波控制之高功因返馳式轉換器電路設計................................... 26
4.1 控制技術原理簡介.............................................................................................. 26
4.1.1 控制法介紹................................................................................................... 26
4.1.2 控制法比較................................................................................................... 29
4.2 非線性載波控制技術原理簡介.......................................................................... 31
4.2.1 LFR 概念........................................................................................................ 31
IV
4.2.2 非線性載波控制技術原理........................................................................... 33
4.3 NLC 之電路設計.................................................................................................. 37
4.3.1 載波產生器(Carrier Waveform Generator).................................................... 37
4.3.2 操作模式範圍與感值設計........................................................................... 40
4.4 NLC 之返馳式系統分析模擬與實現.................................................................. 43
4.4.1 LFR 模式之系統分析.................................................................................... 43
4.4.2 狀態空間平均模式之系統分析................................................................... 46
4.4.3 NLC 硬體電路模擬與實測........................................................................... 56
第五章 暫態邊界與不連續導通模式控制之高功因返馳式轉換器電路設計....... 62
5.1 LFR 於DCM 返馳式轉換器之系統分析............................................................ 62
5.1.1 DCM 返馳式轉換器之分析.......................................................................... 63
5.1.2 LFR 模式之DCM 系統分析......................................................................... 65
5.2 雙時間尺度平均化法之系統分析...................................................................... 67
5.2.1 切換週期s T 的平均化之推導....................................................................... 67
5.2.2 線電壓週期L T 平均化之推導....................................................................... 69
5.3 CIECA 法之系統分析.......................................................................................... 71
5.4 模式驗證與系統分析.......................................................................................... 74
5.5 暫態邊界控制之IC L6561 設計......................................................................... 78
5.5.1 L6561 簡介與方塊圖描述............................................................................. 78
5.5.2 L6561 之高功因返馳式電路元件設計......................................................... 84
5.5.3 L6561 之控制迴路設計................................................................................. 87
第六章 控制迴路分析與設計................................................................................... 91
6.1 NLC 電路之電壓回授設計.................................................................................. 92
6.1.1 回授設計之頻域分析................................................................................... 92
6.1.2 回授設計之時域分析................................................................................. 100
6.2 DCM 電路之電壓回授設計............................................................................... 105
V
6.2.1 脈波寬度調變(PWM)之交流等效增益分析............................................. 105
6.2.2 回授設計之頻域分析................................................................................. 106
6.2.3 回授設計之時域分析................................................................................. 112
第七章 硬體電路建立與實作結果......................................................................... 119
7.1 非線性載波控制之功因修正硬體電路............................................................ 119
7.1.1 非線性載波控制之功因修正模擬電路..................................................... 119
7.1.2 非線性載波控制之功因修正實驗結果..................................................... 122
7.1.3 非線性載波控制之功因修正實驗小結..................................................... 127
7.2 電壓隨耦法之功因修正硬體電路.................................................................... 127
7.2.1 電壓隨耦法之功因修正模擬電路............................................................. 127
7.2.2 電壓隨耦法之功因修正實驗結果............................................................. 130
7.2.3 電壓隨耦法之功因修正實驗小結............................................................. 140
7.3 L6561 之功因修正硬體電路.............................................................................. 140
7.3.1 L6561 之功因修正實驗結果....................................................................... 140
7.3.2 L6561 之功因修正實驗小結....................................................................... 144
7.4 綜合討論............................................................................................................ 145
第八章 結論與未來展望......................................................................................... 148
8.1 結論.................................................................................................................... 148
8.2 未來展望............................................................................................................ 150
參考文獻................................................................................................................... 152

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