在本論文中，我們製作出膽固醇藍相液晶之菲列斯涅耳透鏡。
藍相存在於膽固醇相與澄清相之間的狹窄溫寬範圍，溫度由低而高分為三種型態：BPⅠ,BPⅡ and BPⅢ，其中BPⅠ、BPⅡ具有特殊的立體週期性結構，其晶格常數與可見光波長相當，並由於宏觀上無折射率異方性，因此製程不需配向處理。
本實驗研究電場下藍相液晶之光電特性，發現隨著電壓增加，其布拉格反射波長紅移，並且在電壓100V以上藍相液晶將相轉變為螺旋態。根據實驗結果，我們製作出具有高繞射效率且無偏振依賴性的電控式膽固醇藍相液晶之菲列斯涅耳透鏡。

In this study, a liquid crystal Fresnel lens based on the cholesteric blue phase liquid crystals is proposed. Blue phases are liquid-crystalline phases that appear in a very small temperature range between a cholesteric phase and an isotropic phase. There are three types of blue phases; BPⅠ,BPⅡ and BPⅢ. The BPⅠ and BPⅡ are characterized by a spatially periodic director field with lattice constants comparable to the wavelength of visible light. Because of the structural symmetry, blue phases are optically isotropic.
In this study, the electro-optical properties of the BPⅡ under different applied voltages are investigated. The results reveal that the Bragg reflection of the BPII has a red shift by increasing the applied voltage and a phase transition from BPII to cholesteric phase occurs at the high voltage regime (>100V). Based on the results, an electrically controlled blue phase Fresnel lens with polarization independence and high diffraction efficiency is demonstrated.

目錄

中文摘要.........................................................................Ⅰ
Abstract.........................................................................Ⅱ
致謝...............................................................................Ⅲ
目錄...............................................................................Ⅳ
圖表索引........................................................................Ⅶ

第一章 導論
1-1前言...........................................................................1
1-2液晶簡介...............................................................3
1-2.1何謂液晶.......................................................3
1-2.2液晶的歷史....................................................3
1-2.3液晶的種類....................................................4
1-3 Fresnel Lens 導論...............................................11
1-4 Fresnel Zone Plate..............................................13
1-5藍相液晶(Blue phase liquid crystals,BPLC)............15
1-5.1 藍相液晶的發現與三態................................15
1-5.2 藍相液晶的旋光性.......................................16
1-5.3 藍相液晶的光學均向性與布拉格反射............18
1-5.4 藍相液晶的晶格缺陷與溫寬技術發展............19
1-5.5 藍相晶格在電場下之相變.............................20
1-5.6 藍相液晶顯示器..........................................22


第二章 實驗相關理論
2-1液晶的物理性質....................................................24
2-1.1液晶分子排列的秩序參數..............................24
2-1.2液晶的彈性係數.............................................25
2-1.3液晶的介電異向性.........................................27
2-1.4液晶折射率之非均向性.................................28
2-2 Fresnel理論..........................................................31
2-2.1 Theory of Fresnel lenses..........................31
2-2.2 Theory of binary phase Fresnel lenses..33
2-3藍相液晶的Kerr effect................................................38
2-4 Kossel diagram........................................................40

第三章 樣品製作
3-1液晶盒製作..............................................................45
3-1.1材料介紹與配置藥品......................................45
3-1.2樣品製作..........................................................46
3-2實驗裝置..................................................................48
3-2.1繞射效率量測............................................................48
3-2.2樣品偏振性量測.............................................50
3-2.3顯微鏡下CCD拍攝裝置................................51
3-2.4反應時間量測.................................................52

第四章 實驗結果與討論
4-1樣品成像實驗.........................................................53
4-2顯微鏡下樣品拍攝結果與分析.............................55
4-2.1不同電壓下之樣品拍攝圖像........................55
4-2.2 顯微鏡拍攝BPLCs之結構分析...................57
4-2.3 移除殘餘聚焦效果之分析............................60
4-3藍相液晶之布拉格繞射波長變化..........................62
4-4 BPLCs Fresnel lens之繞射效果與偏振依賴性66
4-5 BPLCs lens聚焦之反應時間量測......................67

第五章 結論
5 結論..........................................................................68

參考文獻............................................................................70

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