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博碩士論文 etd-0803110-180232 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0803110-180232
論文名稱
Title
探索職場上工作壓力之研究-以新聞從業人員為例
Exploring job stress in the workplace from the perspective of the journalists
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
125
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2010-06-26
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2010-08-03
關鍵字
Keywords
應對策略、新聞從業人員、工作壓力源、人力資源管理
Journalist, Job stressors, Coping strategy, Human resource management
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5736 次,被下載 1420
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5736 times, has been downloaded 1420 times.
中文摘要
摘要
本研究透過深度訪談法與質化研究取向,以平面媒體及電子媒體組織為例, 探討
組織中的新聞從業人員的「工作壓力來源」( job stressors ),並探究個人面對工作壓
力的應對策略(coping strategy)進一步理解媒體組織如何協助新聞從業人員面對「工
作壓力」之相關做法。
研究結果顯示,媒體組織中的「工作壓力來源」包含三類,它強調了「組織成員與
環境互動下,組織成員對環境變化而引發身體與心理的不安與緊張的連續過程。」,第
一類是「工作因素」,其內容至少包含工作本質(時間壓力、工作量增加、工作本身、
工作條件、公平性、感到緊張)、組織因素(組織作用與結構、角色模糊、角色衝突、
組織氣候與文化)、工作上的社會關係(工作場所的人際關係、缺乏社會支持)。第二
類是「個人因素」,其內容包含個人本身 (職業健康、家庭) 生涯發展 (職業發展機
會) 。第三類是「環境因素」,其內容包含:經濟不確定、科技不確定等三大項十七種
來源。
在面對工作壓力之「應對策略」方面包含五類它強調了「組織成員根據能夠運用的
資源以及以前曾經面對過的經驗,加上自我的認知來判斷,在面對工作壓力時所採取
用來解決或減少工作壓力的做法。」,第一類是「問題為中心」、第二類是「情感為中
心」、第三類是「評價為中心」、第四類是「逃避為中心」、第五類是「宗教習俗為中心」。
有關組織協助處理工作壓力的相關做法上,新聞從業人員常獲得來自組織協助的做
法,在一段時間的連續工作後給予多天長假,或者是透過溝通給予社會支持,如情感
上的支持是口頭上的鼓勵與工具上的支持是給予心靈成長課程研習等等。
本研究發現當個人面對工作壓力時,在應對策略的選擇上,有受訪者會選擇以宗教
習俗為中心的策略,來面對工作壓力,這是研究者在回顧文獻中,相關文獻未曾出現
過的應對策略,研究者希望此一發現有助於後續學者從事工作壓力相關研究時,做為
進一步研究與應用的依據。
最後研究者依據訪談資料,建議媒體組織應該延長新人社會化程序的時間,並提
供新聞從業人員合適的安全防護裝備,並加強訊息上的社會支持,以降低媒體組織在
人力資源方面的耗損,提高新聞從業人員的工作滿意度進而提昇對媒體組織的承諾。
Abstract
Abstract
Through depth interviews and qualitative research techniques with print media and
electronic media organizations, this study will discuss about job stressors of the employees
in News organizations. This study is also to explore the personal coping strategies of facing
work stress. And to the end will further unveil how media organizations assist journalists to
deal with work stress.
The result shows that the job stressors from media organizations contain three
categories: work factors, personal factors, and environment. It emphasizes how the variable
environments cause group members’ physical and mental unrest and tension continuous
process. First one is “work factors” and it contents include at least three elements. They are
the nature of work (time pressure, heavy workload, the work itself, working conditions,
fairness, and nervous), organizational factors (organizations’ roles and structure, role
ambiguity, role conflict, and organizational climate and culture), and social relations at work
(work place relationships, lack of social support). The second category is "personal factors".
It includes individual itself, such as incentives, occupational health, and family, but career
development, for example, the chance of professional development. The last one is
"environment". This category includes economic and technological uncertainty and other
total 18 kinds’ sources from three major sorts. Furthermore, the “coping strategies” of facing
job pressure has five different types. Those types are classified as problem-centered,
emotion-centered, appraisal-centered, avoidance-centered, and religion-centered. They all
emphasize that organizations’ members will use both the usable resources and experiences
along with self-awareness to determine how to solve or reduce their working pressures.
Moreover, journalists usually receive several kinds of assistance from media organizations to
deal with their work stresses. Usually, the employees will gain a long vacation after a period
of consecutive working days. They also receive social or emotional support through
communications, such as verbal encouragement, or informational support such as the class of
spiritual growth and development, etc.
Also, the research found which the interviewees using religion-centered strategies to
face their job stresses is a new discovery. This strategy has never been found in the reviewed
literatures, or previous relative studies. The researcher believes this discovery will help the
scholars engaging in the job stress-related follow-up studies as the basis for further research
III
and application.
In conclusion, based on the interviews, the researcher suggests that the media
organizations should extend the time of socialization procedure for freshmen. They also need
to provide appropriate equipments for their employees, and strengthen the social supports.
By this, the organizations will be able to prevent the journalists burning out, and improve
their working satisfaction in order to promote their commitment with the media
organizations.
目次 Table of Contents
目錄
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究背景與動機………………………………………………………1
第二節 研究問題………………………………………………………………2
第三節 研究目的………………………………………………………………2
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………………5
第一節 壓力……………………………………………………………………5
第二節 工作壓力………………………………………………………………7
第三節 意會進程………………………………………………………………18
第三章 研究方法………………………………………………………………21
第一節 研究對象………………………………………………………………21
第二節 研究工具………………………………………………………………22
第三節 資料蒐集程序…………………………………………………………22
第四節 資料分析程序…………………………………………………………23
第四章 預試研究………………………………………………………………25
第一節 內容分析………………………………………………………………25
第二節 預試結果………………………………………………………………36
第三節 研究分析比較預試結果………………………………………………52
第五章 內容分析與討論………………………………………………………59
第一節 新聞從業人員的工作壓力來源………………………………………59
第二節 新聞從業人員工作壓力的應對策略…………………………………82
第三節 媒體組織協助新聞從業人員面對工作壓力的做法…………………92
第四節 討論……………………………………………………………………99
第六章 結論與建議……………………………………………………………109
第一節 結論……………………………………………………………………109
第二節 對媒體組織的建議……………………………………………………109
第三節 研究貢獻………………………………………………………………110
第四節 研究限制與後續研究建議……………………………………………110
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………………111
附件一 訪談大綱………………………………………………………………115
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