本研究主要探討高屏近岸及南海北部邊緣海域，不同環境因子造成的水文化學與營養鹽變動，對有機碳之新陳代謝之影響，並進一步瞭解有機碳之生成及消耗與二氧化碳之源（source）與匯（sink）之間的關係。
高屏峽谷受到高屏溪沖淡水影響，夏季豐水期時，峽谷內營養鹽濃度隨著流量的增加而逐漸提高。南海北部陸棚區主要受到河川沖淡水或是湧升流影響；海盆區則是受到冬季混合層深化使營養鹽抬升。研究期間高屏峽谷Int. GP（integrated gross production）與Int. DCR（integrated dark community respiration）分別介於1389~8918 mgC m-2d-1及919∼5848 mgC m-2d-1，南海北部分別介於851~5032 mgC m-2d-1及435∼10747 mgC m-2d-1。高屏峽谷因受到高屏溪沖淡水影響，提高營養鹽與高溫以及日照，使粗生產力最高值出現在夏季，南海北部由於受到透光層深化影響最高值出現在夏季之海盆測站。由GP及DCR與光強度（PAR, photosynthestically available radiation）、溫度、鹽度及營養鹽分別呈現正負相關，顯示環境之物理因素、沖淡水之注入及營養鹽的增加均為調控GP及DCR大小之主要因素。高屏峽谷與南海北部之DCR皆主要決定GP之大小；DCR主要由BR（bacterial respiration）所貢獻，高屏峽谷貢獻度約78%，
而研究期間細菌呼吸力佔群聚呼吸力（Int. BR/ Int. DCR）約為40% ~ 88%，南海北部的BR貢獻度則低於高屏峽谷約65%，Int. BR/ Int. DCR約為58% ~ 88%。高屏峽谷夏季豐水期時，Int. GP/ Int. DCR 比值大於1測站較多為自營性（autotrophic）系統，能

This study aims to understand the influence of hydrochemical and nutrient dynamics on the metabolism of organic carbon, and to explore the relationship between the metabolism of organic carbon and air-sea fluxes of CO2 in the Kaoping coastal zone and the northern South China Sea (NSCS).
Distributions of nutrients in the Kaoping Canyon increased generally with the increase of freshwater input from the Kaoping River that discharged the highest rate during the summer season. In the northern SCS, the enhanced nutrient distributions were caused by freshwater input or upwelling in coastal and shelf zones, and by vertical mixing in the central basin in winter. During the study periods, the integrated gross production (IGP) ranged from 1389 to 8918 mgC m-2d-1 in the Kaoping Canyon, and from 851 to 5032 mgC m-2d-1 in the NSCS. The integrated dark community respiration (IDCR) ranged from 919 to 5848 mgC m-2d-1 in the Kaoping Canyon, and from 435 to 10707 mgC m-2d-1 in the NSCS. The higher IGP was found in summer than in winter for both study areas, primarily due to greater inputs of freshwater from the Kaoping River and/or from the Pearl River. The deeper euphotic depth may be also
responsible for higher IGP in the central basin during the summer season. Positive correlations are significant between GP (DCR) and temperature, PAR and nutrients, and negative correlations are also significant between GP (DCR) and salinity, showing the significant impacts of freshwater inputs and climatic changes on GP (DCR). However, GP was determined largely by DCR, and DCR was attributed mainly to BR (bacteria respiration) for both the Kaoping Canyon (ave., 78%) and the NSCS (ave., 65%). In addition, the ratio of IBR/IDCR ranged from 48 to 88% for the Kaoping Canyon and from 58 to 88% for the NSCS.
The ratio of IGP/IDCR is an indicator of net ecosystem production, with >1 for the autotrophic system and <1 for the heterotrophic system. The ratio was greater than 1.0 for most stations during summer but was <1.0 away from the nearshore station during winter in the Kaoping Canyon. The ratio was <1.0 for all but stations near the Pearl estuary (H and H1 stations) during both summer and winter in the NSCS, indicating a year-round heterotrophic around the slope and basin of NSCS. However, this ratio was higher in winter than in summer in the NSCS, possibly resulted from higher GP in winter than in summer.
The IGP/IDCR may not be the sole factor in determining the air-sea fluxes of CO2. The physical forcing such as temperature and wind velocity may be also important in determining the source or sink of CO2 in the study areas.

致謝……………………………………………………………………I
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………II
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………III
目錄……………………………………………………………………………………IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………V
表目錄…………………………………………………………………VI

第一章 前言…………………………………………………………1
第二章 研究區域………………………………………………………………9
2-1 研究區域………………………………………………………………9
第三章 研究材料及方法……………………………………………16
3-1 採樣時期及方法…………………………………………………16
3-2 實驗方法……………………………………………………18
第四章 結果與討論…………………………………………………………30
4-1水文環境…………………………………………………………30
4-2高屏峽谷及南海北部透光層營養鹽之變化及控制因子……………………………………………………………………58
4-3 高屏峽谷粗生產力（gross production）與群聚呼吸力（dark community respiration）之變化及控制因子………84

4-4南海北部粗生產力（gross production）與群聚呼吸力（dark community respiration）之變化及控制因子…………………………102
4-5高屏峽谷與南海北部之有機碳代謝與pCO2變化及通量………………………………………………………………119
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………127
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………130
中文部分………………………………………………………130
英文部分…………………………………………………………131

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