由於基地台決定了電信系統建設成本與服務品質，基地台佈署成為電信網路研究的重點；然而，在現有的 2G 和 3G 系統中，由於基地台具有類似的覆蓋範圍，所以通常被假設各個基地台之性質是相同的，在此前提下容易產生成本的浪費；另一方面，在 4G 系統中為了解決此問題，LTE 引入了異質基地台 (亦被稱作 emph{eNB}) 之概念，原理為藉由不同尺寸之基地台覆蓋在服務區域內；然而在已知使用者之分佈的前提，佈署異質基地台是為 NP-hard 的問題。

因此，本論文提出了一個四階段的基地台佈署策略，以有效的解決這個問題；我們的策略首先採用幾何的方法來提供服務區域基本的覆蓋率，然後藉由調整基地台之範圍，以滿足每個基地台功率以及頻寬之限制；在模擬結果中驗證了本論文所提出的策略可以顯著的節省系統成本，同時平衡佈署基地台之負載。

Base station deployment is critical for a cellular communication system because it
determines the system construction cost and service quality to users. Conventional 2G and
3G systems assume that base stations are identical in the sense that they have the
similar coverage range. For 4G systems, LTE introduces the concept of heterogeneous base
stations (also called eNBs), which can provide different sizes of coverage range.
Given the user distribution in a service area, the problem of deploying heterogeneous
eNBs is NP-hard. Therefore, we propose a four-stage eNB deployment strategy to
efficiently solve this problem. Our strategy first employs a geometric approach to
provide the basic coverage to the service area and then adjusts the cell range in order
to meet the power and bandwidth constraints on each eNB. Simulation results verify that
the proposed strategy can significantly save the system construction cost while balancing
the loads of deployed eNBs.

論文審定書 i
英文摘要 ii
中文摘要 iii
圖次 vi
表次 vii
第一章 導論 1
1.1 異質性無線網路之簡介 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究貢獻與章節架構 3
第二章 相關文獻探討 4
第三章 網路模型與問題定義 6
第四章 基地台佈署策略 8
4.1 第一階段：估計所需 eNB 之數量 9
4.2 第二階段：佈建 macro-cell 以及 micro-cell 基地台 12
4.3 第三階段：調整各基地台之服務範圍 13
4.4 第四階段：佈建 pico-cell 基地台 17
4.5 基地台佈署策略之相關討論 18
第五章 實驗結果 22
5.1 系統建置成本 25
5.2 整體功率耗損 27
5.3 Macro-cell eNB 之負載 33
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 35
參考文獻 36

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