量子侷限使得半導體量子點的螢光性質會因其結構及尺度而變化。藉著螢光光譜，激發光譜，以及電子顯微鏡觀測，我們了解CdSe/ZnS量子點樣品的形狀與粒徑分布均勻度。結果顯示樣品主要是由長軸徑5.4nm ± 1.3nm的類球形結構(長軸徑/短軸徑之值介於1.1至1.5間，佔76%的比例)，及球形結構(長軸徑/短軸徑之值小於1.1，佔12.8%的比例)組成。
進一步測量個別量子點的螢光光譜，我們得到個別量子點具不同之螢光峰值及寬度。螢光峰值為一高斯分佈，中心值在615.7nm，寬度為13.8nm。而螢光光譜寬度則為19.7±6.9nm。這結果與我們在量子點溶液中所測得的光譜結果(峰值616nm，寬度25nm)相符合。此外，我們測量單一量子點的螢光生命期，得到樣品之螢光生命期分佈為10.3±5.6ns。
經由螢光光譜之分佈，我們求得其對應之量子點粒徑大小分佈寬度為0.7nm，這遠比電子顯微鏡所得之長軸分佈(1.3nm)為窄，反而較符合經適當的短軸分佈修正後之結果。這些結果顯示，當半導體量子結構不再是球狀對稱結構時，它也將同時影響其粒徑對光譜之關係。

Quantum confinement structures are attractive for their unconventional size dependence of the optical and electrical properties. There are still challenges to control the size uniformity for the application. The thesis studies the correlation between the size distribution of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QD), and the fluorescence properties to understand the shape and size influences of their fluorescence properties.
Results from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provide the structure and size distribution of the samples. Excitation dependent fluorescence spectra as well as the PL excitation at various emission wavelength confirm that the inhomogeneous distribution of the samples. The results show that the samples are mostly composed of QDs with quasi-spherical structure (aspect ration between 1.1 and 1.5 ;76%) and spherical structure ( aspect ratio < 1.1; 12.8%). In addition, it exhibits a distribution of the long axis of 5.4nm±1.3nm.
By measuring the fluorescence spectra of individual QDs, we construct the distribution. The peaks of the fluorescence spectra show a Gaussian distribution with center at 615.7 nm and width 13.8 nm. In addition, the spectra exhibit a width of 19.7±8.0nm. This is consistent with the ensemble measurement of the fluorescence from a solution (peak at 616 nm, and width 25 nm). Results of the fluorescence lifetime on the individual QDs indicate the lifetime distribution of 10.3±5.6ns.
Further analyze the size distribution by constructing the size – fluorescence spectrum relationship. By analysis the distribution of the fluorescence spectra, it results the corresponding size distribution of width 0.7 nm. This is much narrower than the size distribution of the long axis measured by TEM, but is more consistent with the corrected size distribution considering the short axis contribution. We conclude that the deviation results from the non-spherical structures in the samples.

第一章 前言 1
1-1 量子點簡介 1
1-2 量子點的特性 4
1-2.1 表面效應 4
1-2.2 小尺寸效應 4
1-2.3 量子效應 5
1-3 量子點的應用 7
第二章 文獻回顧與實驗背景 9
2-1 半導體 9
2-2 半導體量子點 10
2-3 螢光簡介 13
2-4 時間相關單光子計數法 18
2-5 顯微技術 22
--共焦顯微鏡 22
--電子顯微鏡 23
2-6 量子點結構與螢光性質 27
第三章 研究動機 30
第四章 實驗方法 32
第五章 實驗結果 34
甲、 螢光光譜： 34
乙、 穿透式電子顯微鏡（TEM）實驗： 35
丙、 單分子螢光實驗 36
丁、 量子點螢光量測與TEM量測結果的比較 39
第六章 結論 61
第七章 參考文獻 63

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