海面溫度的變異會影響海洋生態系統、初級生產力、天氣預報和水聲通信，當南海內波經過東沙環礁時，會有大幅度的溫降現象，也會讓海水下層的營養鹽湧昇，促進海水垂直混合。為了解內波經過東沙環礁時，其流場的變化與冷水抬昇至淺岸後的影響，以底碇式溫度計與海流儀做現場觀測，量測底部溫度與海流，佈放在東沙環礁外週圍水深約15到20m共9處，每站各放兩支溫度計與海流儀紀錄資料，測量時間為2014年7月到8月，共同量測時間為7/16到7/23日，其中東北東站（ENE）為環礁外的淺岸平台，放置8個測點且其中有3個溫度計資料為33日。
　　溫度資料顯示，環礁因南海內波的溫降現象影響，較東邊的溫度較低，溫度向西逐漸昇高，水深20米內的地形中，溫度擺盪幅度很大，應是內波大致上已破碎，溫度資料為數次大小不等的溫降，較難界定是否同一個內波或內潮所造成。而環礁南面在溫降、流速、冷卻速率部分皆高於北面。 環礁東邊之溫降到達時間差異不大且先後順序不一，冷水由環礁東向西面傳遞時，南邊的流速較快，溫降的延遲時間也較短。ENE站溫降平均時間最長，而溫降次數較少，冷卻速率也較慢。
　　海流部分，流向與流速因受地形影響，如東站(E)東西向流速低，東北面(NE、ENE)的流向成南北走向，北面(N、NW)呈現東西走向。發生溫降的時候東西向流場皆向西增加，而總流速只有NE、ENE增加其他變化不大。潮汐方面在西南站(SW)與北站(N)受潮汐變化最為明顯。而流速、溫降幅度、冷卻速率，南面測站皆高於北面測站。

Water temperature affects marine ecosystems, primary productivity, weather forecast and underwater acoustic communication. When internal waves in the South China Sea pass through the Dongsha Atoll, there will be a significant temperature drop with the nutrient in the cold deep water upwelling to the shallow water. The vertical mixing of seawater will increase, too.
To understand the change of flow field and the effect of cold water uplifting to shallow sea when internal waves passing through the Dongsha Atoll, we deployed thermometer and ocean current meter on the seabed to measure the water current and temperature at the ocean bottom. Instruments were placed at nine stations with depth of 15m to 20m around the Dongsha atoll. At each station, two thermometers and two ocean current meter were set to record the in-situ data. The measurement extends from 7/16 to 7/23, but the eight instruments at East-northeast (ENE) Station lasted for 33 days from July to August in 2014.
Then a detailed analysis, the records show that the temperature drop to the east of Dongsha atoll is highest, and the temperature drop decreases for west side stations. It is difficult to define whether the drop is due to an internal wave.However, then filtering out the background oscillation, it is concluded that the temperature drop, flow rate and cooling rate in the southern part of the Atoll are all higher than that of the northern part.
The order of arrival and the extension time of each cooling event are not regular in the eastern part of Dongsha atoll. However, it can be concluded that faster flow rate and shorter extension time can be expected in the southern part. On the other hand, the averaged extension time is longest for the ENE station, but both the number of events and the flow speed are low.
The correlation between the flow rate and flow direction is low. Flow at the Southwest (SW) station located at the southern waterway is basically tidal current. Tidal ellipses at both North (N) and Northwest (NW) stations are parallel to the coral crest.

謝誌 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xiv
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究區域 3
1-3 文獻回顧 6
1-4 研究動機與目的 10
第二章 現場觀測與量測儀器 11
2-1 測站位置 11
2-2 溫度計與海流儀 13
第三章 資料處理分析 16
3-1 溫度資料品管 16
3-2 溫降定義 19
3-3 流速資料處理 24
3-4 流速資料潮汐過濾 26
3-5 東沙潮位預報 28
第四章 結果與討論 30
4-1 溫度特性 30
4-1.1 各站溫降幅度 33
4-1.2 各站溫降時間 35
4-1.3 冷卻速率 37
4-2 流速特性 38
4-2.1 流速移動平均 41
4-2.2 溫降前後流速差異 43
4-2.3 溫降時流速比較 46
4-2.4 流速流向相關性 53
4-3 潮流橢圓 55
4-4 潮位比較 56
4-5 東北東站與月週期變化 58
4-6 未來展望與建議 61
第五章 結論 62
參考文獻 64
附錄1　東沙潮汐水位 68
附錄2　麥德姆颱風路徑圖 71

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網站：
1. 東沙環礁公園網站
http://marine.cpami.gov.tw/
2. 東沙國際研究網站
http://dongsha.mr.nsysu.edu.tw/bin/home.php
3. 交通部中央氣象局
http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V7/index.htm
4. 海洋下的風暴：南海巨大內波生命史 --泛科學
http://pansci.asia/archives/79694


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