本研究使用CFD模擬軟體對大型太陽能熱水系統之儲熱槽模型進行三維數值模擬，並結合TRNSYS模組模擬系統之運作，探討無分層之儲熱槽，不同熱水入口位置對系統效率之影響。研究城市以台北、台中及高雄為主，而取負荷時間為中午十二點至晚上十二點 (十二小時)。模型分別為1/4 H (熱水入口位於桶高1/4處)、2/4 H 、3/4 H 及 H。
模擬研究結果發現在相同的取負荷時間下，對一個無分層之儲熱槽而言，儲熱槽不同的熱水入口位置對系統效率之影響不大。

In this study, a three-dimensional CFD program is employed to simulate the field in the storage tank of a large solar hot water system. The purpose is to study the effect of the storage tank hot water inlet position on a large solar hot water system performance. The study was done for three representative cities of Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung. The load supplying time studied was from 12:00 to 24:00. The hot water inlet positions were studied for at 1/4 tank height ( 1/4 H ) , 2/4 H, 3/4 H and 4/4 H.
Simulation results showed that at the same load supplying time, the hot water inlet position of the storage tank had little effect on the system efficiency.

論文審定書------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ i
誌謝--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
摘要-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
圖目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vii
表目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- xiii
符號說明------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ xiv
第一章 緒論----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第一節 前言---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 太陽能熱水系統簡介------------------------------------------------------------ 1
第三節 文獻回顧---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
第四節 研究動機與目的------------------------------------------------------------------ 5
第五節 研究方法與架構------------------------------------------------------------------ 5
第二章 基礎理論--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
第一節 儲熱槽之物理模型------------------------------------------------------------- 10
第二節 儲熱槽之基本假設------------------------------------------------------------- 11
第三節 儲熱槽之統御方程式---------------------------------------------------------- 12
第四節 系統模組元件之理論分析--------------------------------------------------- 13
第五節 系統模擬運算之邊界條件--------------------------------------------------- 19
第六節 模擬軟體之運算方法---------------------------------------------------------- 21
第三章 數值方法--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33
第一節 儲熱槽之網格測試------------------------------------------------------------- 33
第二節 SIMPLEC 數值方法----------------------------------------------------------- 34
第三節 太陽能負荷比 ( Solar Fraction )------------------------------------------- 35
第四節 TMY 2氣象資料(臺灣平均氣象年資料)---------------------------------- 36
第四章 結果與討論------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42
第一節 TRNSYS系統與TRNSYS - CFD系統之模擬結果比較------------- 42
第二節 相同模型但不同取負荷時間結果比較------------------------------------ 44
第三節 相同取負荷時間但不同模型結果比較------------------------------------ 45
第五章 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 116
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 118

〔1〕陳維新，"能源概論 (五版) "，高立圖書，2011年1月。
〔2〕黃文雄，"太陽能之應用及理論"，協志工業叢書，2013年5月。
〔3〕Duffie, J. A. and Beckman, W. A., "Solar Water Heating Active and Passive, " Solar engineering of thermal processes, Fourth Edition, New York, Wiley, pp. 479-504, 1980.
〔4〕Johannes, K. ,Fraisse, G., Achard, G. and Rusaouën, G. "Comparison of solar water tank storage modelling solutions," Solar Energy, vol. 79, pp. 216-218, 2005.
〔5〕Jordan, U. and Furbo, S. "Thermal stratification in small solar domestic storage tanks caused by draw-offs," Solar Energy, vol. 78, pp. 291-300, 2005.
〔6〕Ievers, S. and Lin, W. "Numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow dynamics in a hot water storage tank," Applied Energy, vol. 86, pp. 2604-2614, 2009.
〔7〕Rhee, J., Campbell, A., Mariadass, A. and Morhous, B. "Temperature stratification from thermal diodes in solar hot water storage tank," Solar Energy, vol. 84, pp. 507-511, 2010.
〔8〕Gao, W., Liu, T., Lin, W. and Luo, C. "Numerical Study on Mixing Characteristics of hot Water inside the Storage Tank of a Solar System with Different Inlet Velocities of the Supply Cold Water, "Procedia Environmental Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 1153-1163, 2011.
〔9〕Shue, N. S. "Numerical simulation of Large Solar Hot Water system in storage tank" NSYSU, Master Thesis, 2012.
〔10〕Su, C.Y. "Numerical simulation of a Large Solar Hot Water System with a Stratification Storage Tank for Various Load time" NSYSU, Master Thesis, 2013.
〔11〕Kuan, Y. C. "Numerical simulation study for the performance of a multi-tank large solar hot water system" NSYSU, Master Thesis, 2013.
〔12〕Lin, G. Y. " Numerical simulation study for the performance of a Large Solar Hot Water System with Horizontal Storage Tank" NSYSU, Master Thesis, 2014.
〔13〕Duffie, J. A. and Beckman, W. A., "Flat-Plate Collectors, " Solar engineering of thermal processes, Fourth Edition, New York, Wiley, pp. 236-321, 1980.
〔14〕Klein, S. A., et al., "TRNSYS 16 User’s Manual," 1998.