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博碩士論文 etd-0806116-214914 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0806116-214914
論文名稱
Title
摻雜染料之液晶動態散射模式之研究
Study of Dynamic Scattering Mode in Dye-doped Liquid Crystals
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
89
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2016-08-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2016-09-07
關鍵字
Keywords
電流體效應、動態散射模式、二色性染料、智慧型窗戶
Electrohydrodynamic, Smart window, Dichroic dye, Dynamic scattering mode
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5655 次,被下載 16
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5655 times, has been downloaded 16 times.
中文摘要
「智慧型窗戶」為一種可以隨使用者自由切換窗戶功能的元件,除了一般窗戶的透明態之外,也能夠控制進光量達到降低外在熱能傳遞的隔熱態,同時還具備保有個人隱私的遮蔽態,常見的技術包括熱致變色(Thermalchromic)、電致變色(Electrochromic)、光致變色(Photochromic)、懸浮顆粒設備(Suspended Particle Device),皆是透過改變內部分子結構或排列來達到切換透明、隔熱或隱密的技術。由於液晶之折射率異向性與高可調性,亦常常應用在智慧型切換窗戶上,包括聚合物分散型液晶(PDLC)、聚合物膽固醇型液晶(PSCT)等元件,皆能達到良好的主動式切換效果。然而,目前現有的技術,皆只有透明/隔熱或是透明/隱密兩種狀態的切換,大大降低了使用上的選擇性與功能。
本研究將摻有離子與二色性染料分子之負型液晶材料灌入垂直配向處理的玻璃基板內,並藉由調整特定大小的電場驅動液晶,控制液晶於轉動與離子運動所形成的動態散射模式(Dynamic Scattering Mode)間切換造成透明(不施加電壓)、吸收(施加5V電壓)與散射(施加20V電壓)的效果,製作出同時能夠具有透明、隔熱、隱私的三態主動式切換智慧型窗戶元件。
本研究量測分析並探討元件切換吸收、散射態的原理、光學特性、驅動方式、響應時間,以及電流體效應(Electrohydrodynamic),針對元件的不同階段動態散射模式進行狀態分析,包含Williams Domains、DSM1、DSM2,並提出了理論模型。另外也針對不同的液晶材料、離子濃度、及元件邊界條件來討論其特性變化,並嘗試改善其元件之光電特性。
Abstract
「Smart Window」is a device that could switch its performance depending on users demand. Its performance includes transparent mode, heat insulation mode that controls the amount of incoming light to reduce the heat transmitting, and blur mode that provides users a private surrounding. Thermalchromic, electrochromic, photochromic, and suspended particle device are common techniques that could achieve transparent, insulation, and blur modes by changing the structure or arrangement of internal molecule structures. Since it is easy to tune the refractive index of liquid crystals, it has been widely used in smart windows including polymer dispersed liquid crystals(PDLC), polymer stabilized cholesteric texture(PSCT). However, recent techniques could only switch between transparent to insulation and transparent to blur modes which has reduced the choices and features when using.
In this study, we doped ionic materials and dichroic dyes into negative type liquid crystals and prepared glass substrates with vertical alignments. By adjusting different electric fields to control liquid crystals rotation and ions’ motion leading to Dynamic Scattering Mode. Gradually increasing the driving could switch to transparent(0V), absorption(5V), and scattering modes(20V). This work has successfully demonstrated an active transparent, heat insulation, privacy tri-state switchable smart window.
In this study, we’ve discussed on the mechanism of switching absorption and scattering, the optical performance, the driving method, response time, and the principle of eletrohydrodynmic. We have proposed a theoretical method of dynamic scattering modes at different stages including Williams Domains, DSM1, and DSM2. This work has focused on the effect of different liquid crystal materials, ion concentrations, and boundary conditions to improve the optical performance of the device.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
圖錄 viii
表錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 液晶介紹 2
2-1液晶的起源 2
2-2液晶的種類 3
2-2.1向列型液晶 4
2-2.2膽固醇型液晶 4
2-2.3層列型液晶 6
2-3液晶的物理特性 7
2-3.1秩序參數(S) 7
2-3.2折射率異向性(Δn) 8
2-3.3介電係數異向性(Δε) 10
2-3.4黏滯係數(γ) 11
2-3.5彈性常數(K) 11
2-3.6負型液晶驅動電壓與反應時間 12
第三章 背景介紹 14
3-1常見之液晶散射元件 14
3-1.1純膽固醇液晶散射元件 14
3-1.2摻雜聚合物之液晶元件 15
3-2染料特性簡介 19
3-2.1染料與液晶之主客效應(Guest-Host Effect) 19
3-2.2染料二色性(Dichroic) 19
3-3電流體力學簡介(Electrohydrodynamic) 21
3-3.1各向同性態之EHD 21
3-3.2各向異性態之EHD 22
3-4動態散射模式(Dynamic Scattering Mode) 27
3-4.1 DSM1與DSM2 27
3-4.2摻雜染料之動態散射模式 31
第四章 實驗製程與量測簡介 32
4-1實驗材料介紹 32
4-2樣品製作介紹 34
4-3實驗架設與量測分析 36
4-3.1在偏光顯微鏡下的光學特性 36
4-3.2可見光譜下之量測分析 36
4-3.3 He-Ne雷射下之量測分析 37
第五章 實驗結果與討論 38
5-1 三態主動式切換元件 38
5-1.1穿透頻譜分析 38
5-1.2反應時間分析 45
5-1.3 DSM2電壓相依性 51
5-2離子濃度之DSM量測 56
5-3液晶材料之DSM量測 61
5-4邊界條件之DSM量測 65
5-4.1元件厚度分析 65
5-4.2水平配向分析 68
第六章 結論與未來展望 71
參考資料 73
參考文獻 References
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