由於鈦合金的高強度，若使用傳統有模抽製尺寸細小的鈦毛細管有其困難之處。因此，本研究針對線材直徑為1mm的Ti-6Al-4V線材經過無模抽製成形後產品微觀結構與氧化層對產品機械性質影響與探討。首先，本實驗透過壓克力建立一氬氣腔體於無模抽製加熱端以防止鈦線於製程中氧化。後續分別由金相觀察、硬度試驗、拉伸試驗探討鈦線於不同抽製溫度、及不同氧化條件下的機械性質。本實驗於金相觀察結果推論鈦線β相中細針線微觀組織的厚度與抽製過程冷卻速率有關，並於微硬度試驗觀察到硬度值可能因為材料晶粒分佈而出現不規則的變異。後續，分別使用有氧化線材與無氧化線材進行拉伸試驗，並觀察出氧化層可能會改變材料的降伏強度、抗拉強度及延展性。
最後，透過有限元素軟體DEFORM內建感應加熱功能建立與實驗機台架構相仿的無模抽製模擬模型，並透過無模抽製成形實驗比較感應加熱模擬的溫度分佈，並驗證感應加熱模擬的可行性。驗證感應加熱模擬準確度後，本實驗以此架構模擬出線材於不同製程參數下線材成形輪廓及具有氧化層之鈦線模擬。

In this study, the effects of oxidation and the corresponding influence of mechanical properties on Ti-6Al-4V wire after dieless drawing process are under investigated. At the beginning, an acrylic argon chamber was built for preventing the oxidation of workpiece during dieless drawing process. Later, the examinations of mechanical properties of dieless drawing product are conducted through metallographic experiment、hardness test and tensile test respectively. In the result of metallographic experiment, the needle-like pattern micro-structure inβ phase is observed,and we concluded that the possibility of needle-like pattern forming is about cooling rate during dieless drawing process. In micro-hardness test we observed that the hardness value is irregular, and we concluded that the irregularity might come from the exist of different phase in titanium. The mechanical properties of titanium under different oxide conditions and different drawing conditions was investigated through tensile test.
Finally, an induction heating simulation modules which the validity has been proved was applied to the simulation of dieless drawing. After the simulation of induction heating, an FEM model was built for simulating the profile of drawing product.

論文審定書 i
謝誌 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xv
符號說明 xvi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 鈦金屬介紹 2
1.2.1 鈦金屬分類 4
1.2.2 Ti-6Al-4V特性與應用 5
1.3 金屬氧化行為 6
1.3.1 頓化作用 6
1.3.2 鈦金屬氧化層 7
1.3.3 金屬高溫氧化行為 8
1.3.4 鈦金屬氧化行為 10
1.4 抽製成形技術簡介 11
1.4.1 有模抽製法 11
1.4.2 無模抽製法 12
1.5 文獻回顧 13
1.5.1 無模抽製成形 13
1.5.2 無模壓縮成形 14
1.5.3 尺寸效應問題 16
1.5.4 無模抽製製程氧化問題 17
1.6 研究目的 18
1.7 論文架構 18
第二章 無模抽製成形機台簡介 19
2.1 實驗機台簡介 19
2.1.1 無模抽製機傳動系統 20
2.1.2 感應加熱原理 21
2.1.3 無模抽製機台加溫設備 23
2.1.4 紅外線測溫原理 24
2.2 機台改裝說明 26
第三章 無模抽製成形後試片檢測與探討 27
3.1 實驗規劃 27
3.1.1 預防無模抽製製程中金屬高溫氧化 28
3.2 無模抽製成形實驗 31
3.2.1 斷面縮減率 31
3.2.2 實驗機台參數 32
3.2.3 實驗參數設定 33
3.2.4 無模抽製成形實驗機台操作流程與注意事項 34
3.3 金相觀察 35
3.3.1 α+β型鈦合金微觀組織 35
3.3.2 α+β型鈦合金之全片層組織 35
3.3.3 片層組織分類(Lamellar microstructure) 37
3.3.4 全片層組織之鈦合金微觀結構與機械性質之關係 38
3.3.5 全片層組織α細針狀組織與機械性質之關係 38
3.3.6 金相試驗試片前處理 39
3.3.7 濺鍍法 39
3.3.8 試片濺鍍過程 40
3.3.9 試片電鍍 41
3.3.10 電鍍理論 42
3.3.11 電鍍參數設定 43
3.3.12 試片研磨 44
3.3.13 鈦金屬腐蝕液配方 45
3.3.14 Ti-6Al-4V鈦線腐蝕時間 47
3.3.15 微觀組織觀察 49
3.3.16 冷卻速率與微觀結構關係 51
3.4 硬度試驗 55
3.4.1 維克式硬度試驗介紹 55
3.4.2 無模抽製成形線材硬度分佈 57
3.5 拉伸試驗 63
第四章 無模抽製成形之有限元素分析 69
4.1 有限元素分析軟體DEFORM簡介 69
4.1.1 DEFORM感應加熱模擬介紹 69
4.1.2 DEFORM感應加熱模擬設定步驟 70
4.1.3 DEFORM感應加熱模組於無模抽製模擬之溫度分佈 72
4.1.4 無模抽製成形線材輪廓模擬值與實驗值比較 78
4.2 具有氧化層之鈦線成形模擬 83
4.2.1 氧化層塑流應立之建立 84
4.2.2 具有氧化層之鈦線成形模擬結果與討論 85
第五章 結論 88
5.1 研究成果與摘要 88
5.1.1 鈦合金線材降伏強度 88
5.1.2 鈦合金線材硬度值 89
5.1.3 高週波感應式無模抽製模擬之準確性 90
5.2 今後研究建議 91

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