迷走神經和脊髓神經的感覺神經纖維，可以調節呼吸道的神經性發炎反應。呼吸道神經性發炎反應是一連串複雜的反應，包括會使血管擴張、血漿蛋白外洩、水腫、腺體分泌與免疫炎症細胞的趨化反應及活化。血漿外洩是因為活化感覺神經末梢，進而釋放出neuropeptides所致，稱之為tachykinins。Tachykinins包括substance P、NKA（neurokinin A）、NKB（neurokinin B）三種，SP比NKA或NKB更具有提高血管滲透力的能力，大鼠呼吸道神經性發炎反應最主要是SP與NK-1 receptors結合所導致。
根據過去的研究，以6-OHDA滴入氣管腔會刺激位於黏膜上皮組織底部的感覺神經軸突造成神經性發炎，而引起血漿外洩現象；局部注射入星狀神經節的方式，並不能造成呼吸道的神經性發炎反應，也不影響SP-IR （substance P-immunoreaction）對呼吸道的作用。而本實驗以6-OHDA注射入右頸靜脈，並用NK-1 receptor antagonist（L-732,138），研究其對大鼠呼吸道血漿外洩的影響是否牽涉及NK-1 receptors。採用India ink來標示因血漿外洩的滲漏血管，來評估血漿外洩的強弱程度。
本研究發現25 mg/kg與50 mg/kg 6-OHDA可引起氣管及支氣管血漿外洩現象，但對照組（注射1 ﹪ L-ascorbic acid and 0.4 ﹪NaCl, pH 3.4）所引起的血漿外洩程度則很輕微。而注射L-732,138的方式就可以顯著減少由6-OHDA所引起的血漿外洩。但於一週前切除右胸迷幹的方式，並不能減少6-OHDA所引起同側呼吸道血漿外洩的程度，反而增加其程度。 Bronchopulmonary C- fibers對於血循環中的化學物質非常敏感，迷走神經C- fibers大部份（＞90﹪）為由tachykinins-containing afferent fibers所組成，故推測靜脈注射6-OHDA會刺激bronchopulmonary C- fibers，導致迷走神經C- fibers釋放出tachykinins而引起下呼吸道急性發炎反應。L-732,138會抑制6-OHDA所引起的喉頭、氣管、支氣管及食道之神經性發炎，顯示6-OHDA引起的發炎反應類似capsaicin，都經由NK-1 receptor活化之後，增大小靜脈之血漿外洩作用。

Vagal and spinal sensory afferent innervation are responsible for to regulation of neurogenic inflammation in the airways. Neurogenic inflammation is a complex process involving vasodilatation,plasma protein extravasation and edema,glandular secretion and immunoinflammatory cell chemotaxis and activation. Plasma extravasation is the result of the activation of sensory nerve endings and the subsequent prodution of neuropeptides, namely, tachykinins such as substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B. SP was more potent than NKA or NKB in increasing microvascular permeability, which indicate that tachykinin NK-1 receptors are mainly involved in neurogenic inflammation in the airways of rat.
When 6-hydroxydopamine（6-OHDA）was infused into the tracheal lumen,it causes plasma extravasation in the tracheal mucosa mediated by sensory nerve axons. Local application of 6-OHDA to stellate ganglion, had no effect on neurogenic inflammation and SP-IR innervation in the airways.The present study was to investigate the effect of intravenous injection of 6-OHDA on plasma leakage in the airways.This study also used the NK-1 receptor antagonist L-732,138 to investigate if 6-OHDA-induced plasma leakage in the airways was related to NK-1 receptors. India ink was used as tracer dye to label the leaky microvessels to evaluate the magnitude of inflammation .
We found that 6-OHDA in the doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg caused an extensive increase in plasma extravasation in the trachea and bronchi. But the vehicle（1 ﹪L-ascorbic acid and 0.4 ﹪NaCl, pH 3.4）caused a slight plasma leakage. Intravenous administration of L-732,138 decrease 6-OHDA induced plasma leakage. But one week after vagal transection, 6-OHDA-induced plasma extravasation in the ipsilateral airways was not significatly reduced. It is suggested that intravenous 6-OHDA stimulated bronchopulmonary C-fibers and resulted in vagal C-fiber release of tachykinins that produced acute inflammation in the lower airways. Intravenous application of L-732,138 significantly reduced the 6-OHDA-induced plasma leakage, suggesting that NK-1 receptors in the venular endothelial cells mediate the inflammatory response in the layynx,trachea,bronchi.and esophagus of the rat .

摘要（Abstract）……………………………………………………1
Abstract ………………………………………………………….. .2
緒言（Introduction）………………………………………….…… 3
研究目的（Purpose of study）………………………………….….9
材料與方法（Materials and Methods）……………………………10
結果（Results）……………………………………………………15
討論（Discussions）………………………………………………18
結論（Conclusions）………………………………………………23
參考文獻（References）…………………………………………..24
圖…………………………………………………………………...31
Table……………………………………………………………..….52

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