小波轉換相較於傅立葉轉換，最大的優點是在於其適用於處理暫態信號，尤其是其分支中的小波包分析法因有相當好的頻率解析度，因此在學術界、工業界被廣為研究及應用，故本文以小波包分析法，進行光纖感測的研究。
本論文以傳統傅立葉分析法為基礎、小波包分析法作比較，研究主題包含：(1)水中聽音器之靈敏度量測；(2)振動量測。在水中聽器之靈敏度方面，利用傅立葉分析法所得的量測結果，實驗誤差高達2.7 dB re V/μPa，另量測之標準差也高達5.3 dB re V/μPa；然而，利用小波分析法進行同樣的靈敏度量測分析，則僅有0.5 dB re V/μPa的量測誤差，其量測結果的標準差為1.6 dB re V/μPa，由此可見小波包分析較傳統傅立葉分析有較佳的分析能力。在振動量測方面，我們以FBG振動干涉儀進行穩態信號量測，由實驗結果可證實，小波包分析具有與傅立葉分析的相同頻率解析能力；而在落石所引起的暫態振動特徵信號之擷取，由實驗結果，可知對於特徵信號擷取及特徵信號辨識，小波包分析法相較於傳統傅立葉分析結果均有較佳的特徵信號擷取與辨識能力。

The main advantage of wavelet transform relative to its Fourier analysis counterpart is its suitability to deal with transient signals. Furthermore, wavelet packet transform has very good frequency analytic ability with the result that it is developing in very fast speed and widespread researched and used in industry and academia. We study the characteristics of fiber optic sensors by applying wavelet transform.
Hence, in this paper, the traditional Fourier analysis is taken as a basis, and the wavelet packet analysis is taken as a comparison. The major objects include: (1) calibration of hydrophones; (2) vibration measurement. In calibration of hydrophones, the experimental results show a 2.72 dB re V/μPa inaccuracies and a 5.3 dB re V/μPa standard deviation by Fourier analysis, but 0.5 dB inaccuracies and 1.6 dB re V/μPa standard deviation by wavelet packet analysis. It shows that the wavelet packet analysis has better analytic ability than that of traditional Fourier analysis. In vibration measurement, we utilize FBG interferometers to measure stable vibration. The experimental results denote that wavelet packet analysis has excellent frequency analytic ability as Fourier analysis. Besides, in obtaining transient characteristic signals induced by falling stones, the results appear that wavelet packet analysis has better resolution and identification capability relative to Fourier analysis.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xiii
符號表 xiv
第一章 簡介
1.1 光纖感測研究背景與文獻回顧 1
1.2 小波轉換研究背景與文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究動機 5
1.4 論文結構 6
第二章 小波轉換原理
2.1 傅立葉分析 7
2.2 短時傅立葉轉換 8
2.3 小波分析 10
2.3.1 簡介 10
2.3.2 小波轉換的種類 13
2.3.3 多尺度分析 15
2.3.3.1 近似空間與細部空間 15
2.3.3.2 Mallat 演算法 16
2.3.4 小波包分析 18
第三章 光纖感測原理
3.1 光纖感測原理 19
2.3.1 感測因子 19
2.3.1 干涉現象 20
3.2.水中聽音器 21
3.2.1 簡介 21
3.2.2 水中聽音器之靈敏度計算原理 23
3.2.3 校正原理 24
3.3 光纖光柵感測原理 25
3.3.1 簡介 25
3.3.2 振動感測器原理 26
3.3.3 布拉格波長偏移檢測干涉儀之型式 28
3.2.4 光纖光柵多工感測系統 30
第四章 小波轉換應用於光纖感測器之設計
4.1 校正方法 32
4.1.1 穩態信號 32
4.1.2 暫態信號 33
4.2 小波轉換應用於光纖水中聽音器之靈敏度量測 35
4.2.1 實驗架構 36
4.2.2 標準水中聽音器靈敏度校正量測 37
4.2.3 心軸式光纖水中聽音器靈敏度量測 38
4.3 小波轉換應用於振動感測系統量測 38
4.3.1 小波轉換應用於布拉格光纖光柵振動感測系統量測 39
4.3.1.1 實驗架構 39
4.3.1.2 實際振動感測器架構-平板PZT 41
4.3.1.3 實際振動感測器架構-直流(DC)小馬達 42
4.3.1.4 多工感測系統-同時感測兩個振動源 43
4.3.2 小波轉換應用於落石暫態信號量測 43
4.3.2.1 實驗架構 44
4.2.2.2 單一顆鋼珠撞擊泥板塊 46
4.3.2.3 多顆鋼珠撞擊泥板塊 46
第五章 實驗與結果討論
5.1 小波轉換應用於水中聽音器之靈敏度量測 47
5.1.1 鋼珠撞擊水面量測 47
5.1.2 鋼珠撞擊水下鋼珠量測 49
5.1.3 音效卡頻率響應量測 49
5.1.4 標準水中聽音器的靈敏度量測 51
5.1.5 心軸式水中聽音器的靈敏度量測 58
5.2 小波轉換應用於振動感測系統之信號分析 60
5.2.1 小波轉換應用於FBG 振動感測系統之信號分析 61
5.2.1.1平板型PZT模擬振動源量測 61
5.2.1.2 DC-3V 小馬達振動量測 64
5.2.1.3 多工量測-同時量測兩個振動源 65
5.2.2 小波轉換應用於落石暫態信號分析 67
5.2.2.1 小鋼珠撞擊泥板塊之暫態信號分析 67
5.2.2.2 中鋼珠撞擊泥板塊之暫態信號分析 73
5.2.2.3 大鋼珠撞擊泥板塊之暫態信號分析 74
5.2.2.4 小+中鋼珠撞擊泥板塊之暫態信號分析 76
5.2.2.5 小+中+大鋼珠撞擊泥板塊之暫態信號分析 78
5.2.2.6 實驗討論 80
第六章 結論與未來展望
6.1 結論 82
6.1.1 小波轉換應用於水中聽音器之靈敏度量測 82
6.1.2 小波轉換應用於FBG 振動感測系統之信號分析 83
6.1.3 小波轉換應用於落石暫態信號分析 83
6.2 未來展望 84
參考文獻 85
附圖 91
附表 141
附錄 147
中英文對照表 154
作者簡歷 157

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