本文闡述由電池電源模組(Battery Power Modules, BPMs)組成之儲釋能系統。儲釋能系統最小的基本單元為BPM，由電池、雙向轉換器及附屬控制器組成。雙向轉換器可接收外部指令，控制開關導通率，調節電池之充放電功率。串聯BPM(Series BPMs, SBPMs) 可提高儲釋能系統運作之電壓；並聯BPM (Parallel BPMs, PBPMs)則可增加系統電流。將BPM先串後並或先並後串成為陣列式架構 (Arrayed BPMs, ABPMs)之大型儲釋能系統可執行大規模功率與能量的調節。儲釋能系統之所有BPM可個別控制，相互支援。電池放電時，轉換器可以根據各BPM中之電池電量，適當地分配各BPM功率，合力提供負載需求，調節輸出電壓；充電時，則可依據使用者需求，利用充電器之最大功率，用最快的速度完成充電。此外，BPM可藉由控制雙向轉換器，將部分電池自系統切離。因此，當電池充電完成、電量耗盡或發生故障時，可將電池隔離，不須中斷系統運作。
本文討論由升/降壓型與降升壓型BPM串並聯充放電的運作情形，經由適當的控制策略，融合平衡與容錯機制，調整各BPM開關導通率，達到能量調節與電池平衡充放效果。

This thesis studies the energy storage system constructed by battery power modules (BPMs). A BPM is the basic unit of the system, which is composed of a battery set, a bidirectional converter and the associated sensing and control circuit. To aggregate a high voltage and current, a number of BPMs can be connected in series and parallel, as series BPMs (SBPMs) and parallel BPMs (PBPMs), respectively. A much larger system is formed by arrayed BPMs (ABPMs) which is a combination of SBPMs and PBPMs. In such system configurations, the duty-ratios of the bidirectional converters in all BPMs can be individually modulated so that the charging and discharging current of all batteries can be appropriately coordinated under different operating conditions. During the discharging process, the powers of BPMs are scheduled according to the state of charges (SOCs) of the batteries. Throughout the charging process, the BPMs draw the maximum usable power from the charger to charge the batteries as fast as possible. In addition, the completely exhausted or damaged batteries can be isolated without interrupting the system operation.
The charging and discharging operations of SBPMs, PBPMs and ABPMs with bidirectional boost/buck-type and buck-boost-type BPMs are discussed. Experimental tests demonstrate that the energy storage system configured by BPMs can perform the designated power distribution for both charging and discharging.

目錄
論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
圖表目錄 vii
符號表 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機 1
1-3 論文大綱 2
第二章 電池應用概述 3
2-1 電池簡介 3
2-2 電池包裝與使用 4
2-3 電池電量估測 6
2-4 定電流定電壓充電法 7
第三章 電池電源模組架構與操作 9
3-1 電池電源模組概念 9
3-1-1 CCM、DCM與參數關係 11
3-1-2同步整流技術 13
3-2 串聯電池電源模組架構 13
3-3 並聯電池電源模組架構 14
3-4 陣列式電池電源模組架構 16
3-4-1先串後並 17
3-4-2先並後串 18
3-5 漣波與平均相位移控制 18
3-6 電池隔離 21
3-7 容錯機制 23
第四章 儲釋能系統充放電策略 26
4-1 電池電量平衡 26
4-2 最大與最小電流充電法 27
4-3 電量平衡點與比例電流充電法 29
4-4 有載電壓放電法 31
4-5 充放電策略規劃 31
第五章 BPM儲釋能系統運作 33
5-1 升/降壓型BPM並聯放電 33
5-1-1放電策略 34
5-1-2實驗電路 35
5-1-3實例驗證 36
5-2 降升壓型BPM並聯充電 39
5-2-1充電策略 39
5-2-2實驗電路 41
5-2-3實例驗證 43
5-3 降升壓型BPM串聯充電 45
5-3-1充電策略 46
5-3-2實驗電路 47
5-3-3限制電源電流之充電實例 49
5-3-4限制電源功率之充電實例 51
5-4 降升壓型BPM串聯放電 53
5-4-1放電策略 53
5-4-2實驗電路 55
5-4-3實例驗證 57
5-5 陣列式降升壓型BPM放電操作 59
5-5-1先串後並ABPM放電策略 60
5-5-2先串後並ABPM放電實例 60
第六章 結論與未來展望 64
參考文獻 67

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