手機通訊網路的領域日益重要，在2G、3G時，都是佈署同類型的大型基地台，而4G推出之後，引進了異質網路的概念，利用佈署不同類型的基地台而達到許多好處及效益，如:消除基地台覆蓋孔洞、節省成本、節省能源、提升網路效能等等，如何佈署基地台是個值得研究的主題，好的基地台佈署策略能減省成本與能源耗損，進而增加系統效能，根據facility location problem可證明基地台佈署問題為一NP-hard的問題。另外，隨著網路使用人口增加，在資源有限的狀況下，節省能源與提高效能變成一個很重要的議題。
從同質性網路轉換成異質性網路的過程中，當營運商要佈署基地台時，多數的狀況是在一個已具有大型基地台的環境中，動態加入各種小型基地台，進而增進效能，而許多文獻雖有提出佈署基地台之方法，但它們多半考量在沒有現存網路設備的環境中架設基地台，基於上述動機，本篇論文針對固定的基地台佈署成本，並根據營運商收集的UE分佈圖、基地台參數等，提出一個結合K-Means與MDBSCA在異質網路中有效的小型基地台佈署策略，並適度的調整各個基地台的發射功率與覆蓋範圍，以達到滿足使用者需求、節省能源與提升能源利用率的目的。根據模擬結果顯示，本論文所提出的演算法能有效的使整體網路效能提升，在使用者滿足率的部分，最多可多滿足36%的UE，在功率消耗部分，最多可比其他演算法節省34%的功率，在能源利用率的部分，最多增加75%的利用率。

Mobile communication is important and the trend of future. Homogeneous networks are used by 2G and 3G. Heterogeneous networks are introduced to cellular systems to enhance coverage, save energy, reduce budget and improve capacity. Deploy different kind of Base Station is profitable. The problem of base station deployment has proven to be NP-hard. An excellent planning can improve network performance effectively. In addition, energy saving is an important issue along with the increase of network traffic as well as limited resources.
Many researches deploys the Macro-cell and small-cell in the environment simultaneously. However, in most cases, when the provider deploys the small-cell for network enhancement, they add the small-cell into an environment which has had several Macro-cell. As mentioned above, because of those reason, we focus on adding the small-cell flexibly with budgeted cell planning. We take into account the UE location and different base station and proposed the algorithm which combine K-Means and MDBSCA to achieve the objective of high-satisfied rate. Moreover, we adjust the power emission to attain the target of low power consumption and high-energy efficiency.
The performance improvement of the proposed algorithm has been validated by simulation result. Compare with K-means and DBSCAN, the proposed method can decrease the power consumption by 34% at most. In regards to UE satisfied ratio, the improved rate is 36% at most. The utilized rate rise to 75% at best in terms of energy efficiency.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖次 vi
表次 vii
第一章 導論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機及貢獻 4
1.3 章節架構 5
第二章 相關文獻探討 6
第三章 LTE網路架構與問題定義 9
3.1 LTE網路架構與無線傳輸模型 9
3.2 問題定義 15
第四章 基地台佈署策略 18
4.1 第一階段:放置MICRO基地台 18
4.2 第二階段:調整MICRO基地台 20
4.3 第三階段:放置PICO基地台 25
4.4 第四階段:調整PICO和MACRO基地台 27
第五章 實驗結果 30
5.1 模擬參數 30
5.2 使用者滿足率分析 37
5.3 消耗功率分析 45
5.4 能源使用效率分析 48
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 51
參考文獻 52

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