藍相液晶為膽固醇液晶的其中一種相態，他是自組裝的三維光子晶體結構存在的溫寬範圍狹窄。由於藍相液晶為三維光子晶體結構，因此在各個不同維度所展現出來的特性皆不相同。在先前的研究中已經有許多各種不同晶格面下的研究，但較少論文是整合研究該如何控制晶格面。在本研究室的移動長晶法中可以利用溫度梯度來使藍相液晶變成單一的晶體結構，在有這項技術後我們期望能更後續的控制生長出來的單晶晶體的堆疊方向，在後續能更方便的使用藍相液晶。
在本篇論文中我們利用沒有配向的ITO玻璃配合電場施加可以將BPII的晶體旋轉至(100)的排列。在水平配向中可以利用不同的螺距控制晶體排列成(100)或是(110)的晶體排列結構，且發現(110)的晶體會與rubbing方向夾一個特定的角度，因此在反水平配向的液晶盒中，晶體會生長成上下排列不同的藍相液晶， 此(110)的排列具有類似GMR的特性具有分光的效果，可藉由調整入射光角度來位移兩個反射波長的位置；此(110)晶體排列方向與厚度並沒有相依性。利用垂直配向可使藍相液晶整體排列成(111)的晶體結構，此(111)的晶體結構不隨螺距與厚度改變而影響晶體排列。在複合式液晶盒中最終的晶體排列方向取決於上方配向層頃向的晶體排列方向。

Blue phase liquid crystal is a class of liquid crystal phases in chiral nematics, featuring self-assembled three-dimensional photonic crystal structure. The optical and electro-optical characteristics vary with lattice orientations. There have been a few reports on the properties and applications of photonic crystals with different orientations. However, a comprehensive discussion about how the lattice orientation can be controlled has yet been presented. Recently, our group also develops a gradient-temperature technique to grow blue phase liquid crystal into large single crystal form. The surface alignment assists in guiding the crystal growth in a specific orientation.
In this study, we successfully grow a (100)-oriented blue phase by applying an electric field on an ITO-coated glass without alignment layers. In a homogeneous aligned cell, we successfully control the lattice orientation to (100) or (110) by change the pitch. We find the direction of (110)-oriented blue phase has a significant relation with the direction of rubbing on substrates. If we use anti-rubbing homogeneous-aligned cell, it has two blue phase structures in the bulk due to the influence of rubbing. The lattice orientation of (110) has a GMR-like characteristic and has the effect of splitting, and the position of the two reflection wavelengths can be shifted by adjusting the angle of the incident light. The lattice orientation is independent of a cell gap because the blue phase liquid crystal grow from the surfaces of the substrates. In a homeotropic-aligned cell, we successfully induce (111)-oriented and the orientation in independent of a cell gap and a pitch. In a hybrid cell, the final lattice orientation depends on the direction of the crystal orientation of the upper alignment layer.

學位論文審訂書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 液晶簡介 1
1-1 液晶簡介 1
液晶態與秩序性 1
液晶的雙折射性 4
連續彈性能理論 6
液晶配向 7
膽固醇液晶 8
1-2 藍相液晶 10
光子晶體 10
藍相液晶的相變行為 11
藍相液晶晶體結構 13
第二章 實驗材料與實驗方法 20
2-1 實驗用材料 20
2-2 液晶盒製作 23
2-3背景知識與量測方法 25
第三章 結果與討論 31
3-1 (100)的晶格面控制 31
3-2 (110)的晶格面控制 33
雙面水平配向 33
雙面水平配向單面rubbing且rubbing面朝下 35
雙面水平配向單面rubbing且rubbing面朝上 36
單面水平配向另一面為ITO玻璃且水平配向面朝下 37
單面水平配向另一面為ITO玻璃且水平配向面朝上 38
左旋藍相液晶單面水平配向rubbing面朝上 39
釐清雙反射波長 40
螺距對(110)排列的影響 44
厚度對(110)排列的影響 48
3-3 (111)的晶格面控制 49
雙面垂直配向 49
雙面垂直配向單面rubbing且rubbing面朝上 50
單面垂直配向有rubbing與單面ITO玻璃且垂直面朝上 51
螺距對(111)排列的影響 52
厚度對(111)排列的影響 53
3-4 混合式液晶盒對晶格面的影響 54
水平配向朝上垂直配向朝下 54
水平配向朝下垂直配向朝上 55
第四章 結論與未來展望 57
4-1結論 57
4-2未來工作 58
參考資料 59

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