在台灣地區，機車為一般民眾普遍擁有的重要交通工具，配戴安全帽對騎士與乘客的保護效果更是無庸置疑。然而安全帽密閉的結構，導致通風性不良，降低了騎士們佩帶安全帽的意願，所以如何提升安全帽的舒適性與通風性，儼然成為了目前設計安全帽的新課題。

本研究嘗試於安全帽吸收衝擊墊料中設置通風管，利用文士里效應的作用來達到提升安全帽內通風性的目的。但是在安全帽墊料中挖孔設置通風管，可能會影響安全帽本身具備的保護效果。因此本文使用電腦輔助繪圖軟體SolidWorks 建立挖置不同尺寸通風管、帽殼與墊料厚度的安全帽模型，接著利用有限元素軟體ANSYS/LS-DYNA進行撞擊測試模擬，目的在探討不同設計，搭配不同墊料材質之後，對於安全帽保護能力的影響。希望上述的模擬分析能供研發人員作為參考，設計出有良好通風性，且兼具保護效果的安全帽。

In Taiwan, a motorcycle is the most important and general transportation. It is no denying that wearing a motorcycle helmet could prevent the rider from head injuries in the accidents. However, the ventilation of helmets still has to be improved. This study aims to set several ventilation channels in the energy absorption liner. They apply the Venturi effect to increase the ventilation of helmets. But it may affect the protection performance of helmet. The purpose of this study is to estimate the protective ability of the ventilative helmet.

Therefore, the various ventilative helmets are designed by the computer-aided design software SolidWorks, and simulations of the impact test of the helmet are investigated by the finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. In addition, the effect of using different foam material is also discussed in this study.

中文摘要................................................................................. I
英文摘要.................................................................................II
第一章緒論.............................................................................1
1-1 前言..................................................................................1
1-2 安全帽結構基本介紹......................................................2
1-2-1 安全帽種類介紹..........................................................2
1-2-2 機車安全帽結構..........................................................3
1-3 機車安全帽測試標準......................................................6
1-3-1 中華民國國家標準......................................................6
1-3-2 Snell 測試標準............................................................7
1-3-3 E.C.E.測試標準. .........................................................9
1-4 頭部撞擊傷害指標.......................................................12
1-4-1 格氏嚴重指數............................................................13
1-4-2 頭部傷害嚴重指數....................................................14
1-5 文獻回顧.......................................................................15
1-6 研究動機與目的...........................................................22
第二章基礎理論..................................................................23
2-1 引言...............................................................................23
2-2 使用軟體之簡介...........................................................24
2-3 基礎理論.......................................................................26
2-3-1 顯性與隱性求解法....................................................26
2-3-2 控制方程式................................................................27
2-3-3 中央差分法................................................................32
2-3-4 控制時間區間............................................................33
2-3-5 接觸演算法................................................................35
第三章研究方法與分析流程..............................................36
3-1 引言...............................................................................36
3-2 建立模型.......................................................................37
3-2-1 基本安全帽模型之建立............................................37
3-2-2 透氣安全帽模型之建立............................................40
3-3 有限元素模型之建立...................................................42
3-4 材料性質設定...............................................................44
3-5 邊界條件與初始條件設定...........................................47
3-6 問題探討及分析流程...................................................48
3-6-1 問題探討設定............................................................48
3-6-2 分析流程....................................................................50
第四章結果與討論..............................................................51
4-1 普通型安全帽撞擊模擬分析.......................................51
4-1-1 不同吸收衝擊墊料密度之比較................................51
4-1-2 改變帽殼與墊料厚度分析........................................53
4-2 透氣型安全帽撞擊模擬分析.......................................57
4-2-1 通風管(A)之透氣安全帽分析...................................57
4-2-2 通風管(B)與通風管(C)之透氣安全帽分析.............60
第五章結論..........................................................................64
5-1 結論...............................................................................64
5-2 未來展望與研究方向...................................................65
參考文獻..............................................................................66

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