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博碩士論文 etd-0809100-152512 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0809100-152512
論文名稱
Title
我國中小學教師分級問題之研究
A Study of Career Ladder System for Secondary and Elementary School Teachers in Taiwan
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
233
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-07-25
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-08-09
關鍵字
Keywords
教師分級
career ladder
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5774 次,被下載 2203
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5774 times, has been downloaded 2203 times.
中文摘要
中文摘要:
本研究的主要目的在於透過針對我國當前中小學教師生涯發展需求的了解、分級模式的規劃、
以及中小學教師對分級制度的支持與否等三個面向,分別探討我國中小學實施分級制度必要
性、規劃方式與支持程度,進而剖析我國實施中小學教師分級制度可能面臨的問題。本研究以
研究動機、研究目的與文獻探討為基礎,編製一份「中小學教師分級制度問題之調查問卷」,
針對台澎金馬地區國小、國中、高中、高職教師(不含實習、代課教師)在分級制度相關問題
上的看法進行調查。問卷回收的有效樣本為1773份,將其哂么螖怠
Abstract
Abstract:
The major purpose of this study was to explore the necessity of teachers’ career ladder system,
implementation strategies, and the support expressed by elementary and secondary teachers, through the
ways of location of career developmental needs of teachers, the designation of career ladder framework, and
the identification of extent of support for the system among teachers. Furthermore, the study intended to find
out the feasibility of implementing career ladder system in Taiwan. The study, based upon the researcher’s
motivation to do the study and the result of documentary review, designed a questionnaire of issues relating
to the teachers’ career ladder system to locate the different responses to the related issues from teachers.
There were 1773 responses returned, and the responses were analyzed through the methods of distribution,
percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s Product-Moment correlations. The findings from the
survey were discussed in detail by means of a seminar, composed of relative experts, scholars, educational
administrators, accountants, personnel managers from the government. The final conclusions were reach
through the combination of these two steps of study and some suggestions have been provided. The
conclusions of this study were as follows: I. All in all, elementary and secondary teachers expressed ‘agree
to some extent’ towards the following statements: 1. teachers’ salaries determined by the years and
degrees of teachers should be reformed, 2. teachers’ in-service education and training should be reformed
to enhance the professional growth and development of teachers, 3. a career-ladder system totally designed
for instruction route should be set up to promote teachers’ motivation for professional development. II. A
tentative model of career ladder system for elementary and secondary teachers has been provided as Figure
21. III. Most elementary and secondary teachers ‘agreed to some extent’ at the career ladder system for
teachers. This finding implied that teachers held some questions about the effectiveness of the career ladder
system. In other words, teachers also expressed positive attitudes towards the ladder system. Based upon the
conclusions, the study provided the following suggestions: I. Suggestions for the education authorities 1. To
understand the difficulties and needs of career development among teachers. 2. To implement the system, the
authorities should hold numerous seminars, public hearings, debates, and conferences to collect opinions and
ideas concerning the system. 3. To plan and design the in-service educational system for teachers, two
dimensions of considerations: quantitative and qualitative, should be taken into account. 4. The career ladder
system should be put in practice starting from schools with 25-48 classes. 5. The career ladder system should
be implemented with the characteristics of ‘tenure’ system. II. Suggestions for school administrators 1.
To adopt measures to encourage talented teachers join the career ladder system in order to tackle a variety of
problems in the education fields, to lift the quality of teachings. 2. To implement the professional evaluation
of school teachers periodically to maintain the quality of teaching among teachers who choose not to join the
career ladder system. 3. To set up an hot line for professional advise and appeal in order to provide any help
relating to the system. III. Suggestions for teacher educators 1. To place the emphases on the pre-service
stage and in-service stage of education to prepare well-round teachers. 2. The process of teacher education
should emphasize the importance of creative instructional methods. 3. The idea and concepts of ‘teacher
evaluation’ should be introduced during the process of teacher education. IV. Suggestions for elementary
and secondary teachers 1. Teachers should have a plausible plan for career development to stimulate
professional growth and development and maintain a certain level of motivation for teaching. 2. Teachers
should place emphases on their performance of instruction in order to live to the plural criteria of teacher
evaluation. V. Suggestions for further study The tentative model of teachers’ career ladder system deserves
further discussion and empirical study to test its feasibility in the case of Taiwan.

目次 Table of Contents
目 錄
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………….. 1
第一節 研究動機與目的.…………………………………………………. 1
第二節 名詞釋義…………………………………………………………... 4
第三節 研究範圍與限制………………………………………………….. 5
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………….. 7
第一節 教師分級制度的理論基礎..…………………………………….. 7
第二節 主要國家的中小學教師分級制度……………………………… 28
第三節 相關研究分析…………………………………………………….. 77
第三章 研究設計與實施…………………………………………. 82
第一節 待答問題……….………………………………………………….. 82
第二節 研究架構…………………………………………………………... 83
第三節 研究方法與步驟………………………………………………….. 84  
第四節 研究樣本…………………………………………………………... 86
第五節 研究工具…………………………………………………………... 91
第六節 資料處理…………………………………………………………... 96
第四章 結果與討論...…………………………………………….. 100
第一節 樣本特性分析…………………………………………………….. 101
第二節 「教師需求度」、「分級模式規劃」與「教師支持度」的統計分析
………………………………………………………… 103
第三節 座談會資料分析………………………………………………….. 132
第四節 綜合討論……….………………………………………………….. 138
第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………. 161
第一節 結論………………………………………………………………… 161
第二節 建議………………………………………………………………… 172
參考書目………………………………………………………………. 175
附錄……………………………………………………………………. 182
附錄一 預試問卷…………………………….……………………………… 182
附錄二 內容效度調查表…………………………………………………… 189
附錄三 正式問卷……………………………………………………………. 200
附錄四 正式問卷之內容架構分析………………………………………... 208
附錄五 中國大陸小學教師職務試行條例……………………………….. 213
附錄六 中國大陸中學教師職務試行條例……………………………….. 217
附錄七 座談會討論題目…………………………………………………… 221
附錄八 座談會發言內容…………………………………………………… 222
附錄九 中國大陸特級教師評選規定…………………………………….. 231
表 目 錄表1 「生涯」的定義……………………………………………………….… 7
表2 生涯發展模式…………………………………………………………… 9
表3 Schein的「職業生涯發展理論」……………………………………….. 11
表4 Hall的「職業生涯發展理論」………………………………………….. 13
表5 教師生涯發展的「週期論」--- 以「教師年齡」為依據…………….. 17
表6 教師生涯發展的「週期論」--- 以「教師年資」為依據…………….. 18
表7 教師生涯發展的「階段論」…………………………………………….. 19
表8 Fessler與Christensen之教師生涯發展個階段特徵……………….. 24
表9 續「表8」………………………………………………………………….. 24
表10 DeMoulin與Guyton的教師生涯發展階段………………………….. 25
表11 密蘇里州專業階梯教師職責選擇表…………………………………. 34
表12 英國綠皮書中各項政茦與相關措施的進行時間表………………… 47
表13 日本中小學教師免許制度…………………………………………….. 49
表14 日本取得各類普通免許狀所應具備之基礎資格(1989年修正). 52
表15 日本取得各類教師資格所應具備的最低教職學分數……..…….…. 53
表16 日本晉升「專修」免許狀之必要在職年數及必修最低單位數…….. 54
表17 日本晉升「一種」、「二種」免許狀之在職年數及規定單位數…….. 55
表18 日本中小學教師薪資等級表…………………..………………………. 56
表19 日本高等以下學校教員普通免許狀應具資料表(1998年修正).… 58
表20 中國大陸中小學各級教師的評審機關與其審定內容…………….… 68
表21 中國大陸小學教師基礎工資、職務工資標準表……………..……… 69
表22 中國大陸中學教師基礎工資、職務工資標準表……………………… 70
表23 各國中小學教師分級制度比較表……………………………………… 75
表24 教師分級制度在「實施成效」上的國內外研究摘要表……………… 77
表25 教師分級制度在「面臨問題與困境」上的國內外研究摘要表……... 79
表26 教師分級制度在「教師支持」上的國內外研究摘要表……………… 81
表27 各級學校教師人數與比例……………………………………………… 87
表28 各區域各級學校教師人數與比例……………………………………... 87
表29 各區依比例抽取學校數……………..………………………………... 87
表30 分層隨機抽樣結果…...…………………………………………………. 88
表31 座談會參與成員……...…………………………………….…………… 90
表32 預試樣本一覽表…………………………………………….…………… 93
表33 預試問卷信度分析摘要表 --- 【教師需求度】…………………..... 94
表34 預試問卷信度分析摘要表 --- 【教師支持度】…………………….. 94
表35 「內容效度」的專家學者………………………………………………. 95
表36 本研究調查樣本特性分析…………………………………………….... 102
表37 中小學「教師需求度」之現狀分析…………………………………… 103
表38 不同背景教師在「任教動機」上的t 考驗………………………….. 104
表39 不同背景教師在「任教動機」上的單因子變異數分析……………. 105
表40 不同背景教師在「改進薪資」上的t考驗……………….………….. 106
表41 不同背景教師在「改進薪資」上的單因子變異數分析………….… 106
表42 不同背景教師在「進修與專業成長」上的t考驗…………….……. 107
表43 不同背景變項教師在「進修與專業成長」上的單因子變異數分 析…………………………………………………………………………... 108
表44 不同背景教師在「升遷」上的t考驗………………………………… 109
表45 不同背景教師在「升遷」上的單因子變異數分析………………….. 109
表46 不同背景教師在整體「教師需求度」上的t考驗………………….. 111
表47 不同背景教師在整體「教師需求度」上的單因子變異數分析……… 111
表48 中小學教師在「職務區分與證書授與」各題所呈現的反應情形… 112
表49 中小學教師在「推動模式」各題所呈現的反應情形……………..….. 120
表50 中小學「教師支持度」的整體情形…………………………………….. 122
表51 不同背景教師在「分級成效」上的t考驗………………………….… 125
表52 不同背景教師在「分級成效」上的單因子變異數分析…..………..… 128
表53 不同背景教師在「分級面臨與困境」上的t考驗……………………. 127
表54 不同背景教師在「分級面臨與困境」上的單因子變異數分析…….. 127
表55 不同背景教師在「教師支持」上的t考驗……………….………..….. 128
表56 不同背景教師在「教師支持」上的單因子變異數分析………..…..… 129
表57 不同背景教師在「教師支持度」上的t考驗…………………………. 130
表58 不同背景教師在「教師支持度」上的單因子變異數分析………….. 130
表59 「教師需求度」與「教師支持度」間的相關………………………… 132
表60 與會人員針對「教師在任教生涯中的困境與需求」之發言內容摘 要…………………………………………………………………………... 133
表61 與會人員針對「教師分級評鑑人員」之發言內容摘要……………… 134
表62 與會人員針對「教師分級評鑑標準」之發言內容摘要……………… 134
表63 與會人員針對「分級制度經費考量與薪資調整」之發言內容摘 要………………………………………………………………………….. 135
表64 與會人員針對分級制度採「比例制」之發言內容摘要……..………. 135
表65 與會人員針對「分級名稱」之發言內容摘要……………..………….. 136
表66 與會人員針對「教師職教級高者是否應該擔任較多學校行政工 作」之發言內容摘要…………………………………………………… 137
表67 世界主要國家分級制度與本研究資料分析結果的比較…..……….. 153
圖 目 錄
圖1 Fessler的教師生涯循環模式及其影響因素…………………………. 23
圖2  教師教學發展模式………………………………………………………. 26
圖3  密蘇里州生涯階梯(分級模式)圖………………………………….. 36
圖4  英國教師分級架構圖 ---「快速升遷系統」………………………… 42
圖5  研究架構…………………………………………………………………. 83
圖6  問卷架構圖………………………………………………………………. 91
圖7  資料分析架構與方法(一)…………………………………………… 98
圖8  資料分析架構與方法(二)…………………………………………… 98
圖9 資料分析架構與方法(三)…………………………………………… 98
圖10 中小學教師分級數目選擇的百分比………………………………….. 115
圖11 分級名稱選擇的百分比………………………………………………… 115
圖12 教師晉升審查人員選擇的百分比…………………………………….. 116
圖13 晉升評鑑標準選擇的百分比…………………………………………… 116
圖14 教師晉升的評定方式選擇的百分比………………………………….. 117
圖15 「較低職級」單位選擇的百分比…………………………………….. 117
圖16 「較高職級」單位選擇的百分比…………………………………….. 118
圖17 薪資調整部份選擇的百分比…………………………………………… 118
圖18 各職級薪資差額選擇的百分比………………………………………... 119
圖19 「分級成效」中各題的平均數…………………………………………. 123
圖20 「分級面臨與困境」中各題的平均數………………………………… 127
圖21 中小學教師分級制度之初步規劃架構………………………………. 161

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